Shang Hsiang or Shang Xiang (上庠, shàng hsiáng or shàng xiáng), was a school founded in Youyu (有虞) period in China. Shun (舜, 2257 BC–2208 BC), the king of the State of Youyu, founded two schools, one was Shang Hsiang(shang(上), means up, high), and the other one was Hsia Hsiang (or Xia Xiang, 下庠, hsia (下) means down, low) ^1,2. Shang Hsiang was a place to educate noble youth. Teachers at Shang Hsiang were generally erudite, elder and noble persons. Shun (Traditional Chinese: ) was a legendary leader of ancient China, among the Three August Ones and the Five Emperors. ...

The original meaning of Hsiang (庠) may be provide for (養) ³. So Hsiang (including Shang Hsiang and Hsia Hsiang) was initially a place to provide for the aged persons and then became a place for teaching.

Shang Hsiang may be the origination of higher education institute of Guo Xue (國學, National School, or Imperial School, the nation's supreme school) in China. Cheng Jun (成均) was another ancient institution with educational function before Xia Dynasty as recorded in literature. The imperial school was named Taixue (太學) in Han Dynasty. From Sui Dynasty to Qing Dynasty it was named Guozijian (國子監). This article is about the extremely ancient Chinese dynasty whose existence has yet to be thoroughly confirmed by archaeology. ... The Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Han Chau; 206 BC–AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. ... The Sui Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; 581-619[1]) followed the Southern and Northern Dynasties and preceded the Tang Dynasty in China. ... The Qing Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: QÄ«ng cháo; Wade-Giles: Ching chao; Manchu: daicing gurun), occasionally known as the Manchu Dynasty, was a dynasty founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China, expanded into China and the surrounding territories, establishing the Empire... The Guozijian (国子监 guózǐjiàn), sometimes called the Imperial Academy or Imperial College, was the central national institute of learning in Chinese dynasties after the Sui. ...

Shang Hsiang was also one of the five national schools in the capital city in Zhou Dynasty. The other four were: Pi Yong (闢雍), Dong Hsu (東序), Gu Zong (瞽宗) and Cheng Jun (成均). Pi Yong was central school, located in central position and was a imperial school. Dong Hsu was east school, Cheng Jun was south school, Gu Zong was west school and Shang Hsiang was north school. These four schools were for seigneurs. The schools in Zhou Dynasty mainly taught six skills (or six arts, 六藝): Li (禮, convenance), Yue (樂, music), She (射, archery), Yu (禦, charioteering), Shu (書, literature), Shu (數, maths). This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Reference

• Hsia Hsiang