The Sharif of Mecca (الشریف المکة) was the traditional steward of the holy cities of Mecca (Makkah) and Medina (Madinah). The term Sharif (literally, noble in Arabic) is a tribal title given to the protector of the tribe's members, assets, and lands. The sharif was charged with protecting the cities and their environs and ensuring the safety of pilgrims performing the Hadj. The title is sometimes spelled Sheriff or Sherif, with the latter variant used, for example, by T.E. Lawrence in Seven Pillars of Wisdom. The common-law political and legal office of sheriff found in some anglophone countries is unrelated. // This is a list of cities that various groups regard as holy. ... This article is about the city in Saudi Arabia. ... This article is about the city of Medina in Saudi Arabia. ... Sharif is a traditional Arab tribal title given to those to serve as the protector of the tribe and all tribal assets, property, land, wells etc. ... Arabic (; , less formally, ) is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... The Hajj or Haj is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so is obliged to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. ... Thomas Edward Lawrence (August 16, 1888 – May 19, 1935), also known as Lawrence of Arabia, and (apparently, among his Arab allies) Aurens or El Aurens, became famous for his role as a British liaison officer during the Arab Revolt of 1916–1918. ... Bold textItalic textLink titlelink title Bold textLink titleBold textItalic textLink titlelink title Headline text Media:Example. ... This article concerns the common-law legal system, as contrasted with the civil law legal system; for other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation). ... Sheriff is both a political and a legal office held under English common law, Scots law or U.S. common law, or the person who holds such office. ...

Since 1201, the Sharifate was held by a member of the House of Hashem, which traces its lineage back to Hasan bin Ali, the eldest son of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali ibn Abu Talib; descendants of this family continued to hold the position until the Twentieth Century. In 1517, the Sharif acknowledged the supremacy of the Ottoman Caliph, but remained largely independent. // Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Hashemite (Arabic هاشمي) traditionally refers to those belonging to the Banu Hashim, or clan of Hashem, a clan within the larger Quraish tribe. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ... For other people named Muhammad, see Muhammad (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ... Events January 22 - Battle of Ridanieh. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Sogut (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), İstanbul (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ...

The Sharifate came to an end shortly after the reign of Hussein bin Ali, who rebelled against the Ottoman rule during the Arab Revolt of 1916. After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and its subsequent dissolution in 1923, Hussein declared himself Caliph. The British granted control over the newly formed states of Iraq and Transjordan to his sons Faisal and Abdullah. In 1924, however, in the face of increasing attacks by ibn Saud, Hussein abdicated his secular titles to his eldest son, Ali bin Hussein, who was to become the last Grand Sharif. At the end of 1924, the ibn Saud conquered the Hejaz and expelled the Hashemites. The House of Saud has since exercised stewardship over the holy cities and the Hadj, without claiming the title of Sharif of Mecca. Hussein bin Ali or Husayn ibn Ali (حسین بن علی) (died 1931) was the Sharif of Mecca, and Emir of Mecca from 1908 until 1917, when he proclaimed himself king of Hejaz, which received international recognition. ... Flag of the Arab Revolt This article is about the Arab Revolt of 1916. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 - The Royal Army Medical Corps first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Caliph is the term or title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... Map of the territory of Transjordan The Emirate of Transjordan was an autonomous political division of the British Mandate of Palestine, created as an administrative entity in April 1921 before the Mandate came into effect. ... Faisal bin Husayn (Arabic:فيصل بن حسين May 20, 1883 – September 8, 1933) was for a short while king of Greater Syria in 1920 and king of Iraq from 1921 to 1933. ... Abdullah I of Jordan King Abdullah I of Jordan (1882 – July 20, 1951) (Arabic: عبد الله الأول), also known as Abdullah bin Husayn (Arabic: عبد الله بن حسين), was, successively, Emir of Trans-Jordan (1921–1946) under a British Mandate, then King of Transjordan (May 25, 1946–1949), and finally King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... `Abd al-`Azīz as-Sa`ūd ( 1880 - November 9, 1953) (Arabic:عبدالعزيز آل سعود) was the first monarch of Saudi Arabia. ... Ali bin Hussein (1879–1935) was King of Hejaz and Grand Sharif of Mecca from October 1924 until December 1925. ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Hejaz (also Hijaz, Hedjaz; Arabic: al-Ḥiǧāz) is a region in the northwest of present-day Saudi Arabia; its main city is Jeddah, but it is probably better-known for the holy city of Mecca. ... The House of Saud (آل سعود) is the royal family of Saudi Arabia. ... The Hajj or Haj is the Pilgrimage to Mecca (or, Makkah) and is the fifth of the Five Pillars of Islam. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford to do so is obliged to make the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. ...

List of Sharifs of Mecca

• Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca (1908 - 1924)
• Ali of Hejaz (1924 - 1925)