NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Shas

Shas (Hebrew: ש"ס) is an political party in Israel, primarily representing Ultra-orthodox Sephardi and Mizrahi Judaism. The original name of Shas is the The International World Sephardic Association [of] Torah Keepers (Hebrew: התאחדות הספרדים העולמית שומרי תורה). The Basic Laws of Israel are a key component of Israels uncodified constitution. The State of Israel has no formal constitution. ... The Jerusalem Law is a common name of Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel passed by the Israeli Knesset on July 30, 1980 (17th Av, 5740). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... President of the State of Israel (Hebrew: , NesÃ HamdinÃ¡, literally: The President of the State) is the Head of state of Israel. ... Dalia Itzik (Hebrew: â€Ž; born October 20, 1952) is the current speaker of the Israeli Knesset and Acting President of Israel. ... The Prime Minister of Israel (Hebrew: ×¨××© ×”×ž×ž×©×œ×”, Rosh HaMemshala, lit. ... 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Political parties in Israel: Israels political system is based on proportional representation which allows for a multi-party system with numerous parties, in which a single party usually has no chance of gaining power by itself, forcing the parties to cooperate and form coalition governments. ... Haredi or Charedi Judaism (alternatively Hareidi or Chareidi - this spelling being usually preferred by Haredim themselves) is the most theologically conservative form of Orthodox Judaism. ... Languages Ladino also JudÃ¦o-Portuguese, Catalanic, and Shuadit Religions Judaism Related ethnic groups Ashkenazi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, other Jewish ethnic divisions, Spaniards, Portuguese Sephardi Jews (Hebrew: ×¡×¤×¨×“×™, Standard Tiberian ; plural ×¡×¤×¨×“×™×, Standard Tiberian ) are a subgroup of Jews originating in the Iberian Peninsula, usually defined in contrast to Ashkenazi Jews; frequently... Languages Hebrew, Dzhidi, JudÃ¦o-Arabic, Gruzinic, Bukhori, Judeo-Berber, Juhuri and JudÃ¦o-Aramaic Religions Judaism Related ethnic groups Ashkenazi Jews, Sephardi Jews, other Jewish ethnic divisions and Arabs. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... â€œHebrewâ€ redirects here. ...

As a result of the 2006 elections, Shas has 12 seats in the Knesset and is tied with Likud for the third-highest number of seats. Following the election, Shas joined the governing coalition and holds four cabinet posts. Its current leader, Eli Yishai, is deputy prime minister. The Elections for the 17th Knesset were held in Israel on 28 March 2006. ... Likud (Hebrew: ×œ×™×›×•×“, literally means consolidation) is a centre-right political party in Israel. ... Eliyahu (Eli) Yishai (in Hebrew ××œ×™×”×• (××œ×™) ×™×©×™) (born December 26, 1962) is the leader of the Haredi Sephardi Shas party in Israel. ...

History

Shas was founded in 1984 prior to the elections in the same year, through the merger of regional lists established in 1983. The party was formed under the leadership of Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (a former Israeli Chief rabbi), who remains its spiritual leader today. In founding the party, Rabbi Yosef received strategic help and guidance from Rabbi Elazar Shach (1898-2001), the leader of Israel's non-Hasidic Haredi Ashkenazi Jews (known as the "Mitnagdim" by some.) 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elections for the eleventh Knesset were held in Israel on 23 July, 1984. ... Rabbi, in Judaism, means â€˜teacherâ€™, or more literally â€˜great oneâ€™. The word Rabbi is derived from the Hebrew root word , rav, which in biblical Hebrew means â€˜greatâ€™ or â€˜distinguished (in knowledge)â€™. Sephardic and Yemenite Jews pronounce this word ribbÄ«; the modern Israeli pronunciation rabbÄ« is derived from a recent (18th... Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (Hebrew: ×¢×•×‘×“×™×” ×™×•×¡×£) (b. ... // Chief rabbi is a title given in several countries to the recognised religious leader of that countrys Jewish community. ... Elazar Menachem Man Shach (××œ×¢×–×¨ ×ž× ×—× ×ž×Ÿ ×©×š) (or Rav Leizer Shach, at times his name is written as Eliezer Schach in English publications) (January 22, 1898 - November 2, 2001), was a leading Haredi rabbi in modern Israel. ... Languages Yiddish, Hebrew, Russian, English Religions Judaism, Satanism, Nazism Related ethnic groups Sephardi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, and other Jewish ethnic divisions Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (Standard Hebrew: sing. ... Mitnagdim or misnagdim is a Hebrew word (×ž×ª× ×’×“×™×) meaning opponents; this term was used to refer to European religious Jews who opposed Hasidic Judaism. ...

The party was mired in scandal after the indictment and subsequent conviction and imprisonment of its former party leader, Aryeh Deri, on corruption charges in 1999. While Rabbi Yosef distanced the party from Deri and installed Yishai as the new party head, many Shas voters saw Deri as the victim of a discrimanatory political witch-hunt and continue to support him. However, he is still considered the architect of the movement, and yet is one of the figures in Israel who has changed Israeli Society for the better, raising the levels of QoL of Mizrahi, Sephardi and Ashkenazi Israeli refugees up to the heights of those who live in other Developed Countries, and thus is seen as movement of revoluntionary change in the world of Israel Society's hypermobilisation, although has been critised by the National Religious Party and National Union, for not being Zionist enough, in response to parties such as Kadimah and Labour, in such coalition deals. Born on February 17, 1959 in Meknes ,Morocco, Aryeh Deri is the former leader of Israels Shas Party. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Demographics_of_Israel. ... Mizrachi is also an organisation of the Religious Zionist Movement Mizrahi Jews or Oriental Jews (מזרחי eastern, Standard Hebrew Mizraḥi, Tiberian Hebrew Mizrāḥî; plural מזרחים easterners, Standard Hebrew Mizraḥim, Tiberian Hebrew Mizrāḥîm... Sephardim (×¡×¤×¨×“×™, Standard Hebrew SÉ™fardi, Tiberian Hebrew ardÃ®; plural Sephardim: ×¡×¤×¨×“×™×, Standard Hebrew Sfaradim, Tiberian Hebrew ) are a subgroup of Jews, generally defined in contrast to Ashkenazim and/or . ... Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (×Ö·×©×Ö°×›Ö¼Ö²× Ö¸×–Ö´×™ ×Ö·×©×Ö°×›Ö¼Ö²× Ö¸×–Ö´×™× Standard Hebrew, AÅ¡kanazi,AÅ¡kanazim, Tiberian Hebrew, Ê¾AÅ¡kÄƒnÄzÃ®, Ê¾AÅ¡kÄƒnÄzÃ®m, pronounced sing. ... Mafdal party logo The National Religious Party (Hebrew: Mafdal, ×ž×¤×“×œ) is an Israeli political party representing the religious Zionist movement. ... National Union (Hebrew: Haihud HaLeumi ×”××™×—×•×“ ×”×œ××•×ž×™) is an Israeli right-wing party list (×¡×™×¢×”) formed from the merger of three parties: Moledet (homeland), Tkuma (revival) and Renewed National Religious Zionist party. The three parties still operate somewhat independently, but run as one party list in Israeli elections. ... Kadima (Hebrew: ×§×“×™×ž×”, Forward) is a political party in Israel. ... Labour (Commonwealth English) or labor (American English) may refer to one of the following. ...

Following Deri's conviction, Shas gained 17 seats in the 1999 elections, its strongest showing since its formation. They then were predicted 26 Seats in the next election, but its strength was reduced to 11 seats in the 2003 election, and in the 2006 elections it added one seat for a total of 12 in the current Knesset. The Elections for the 15th Knesset were held on 17 May, 1999 alongside elections for Prime Minister. ... Elections for the 16th Knesset were held in Israel on 28 January 2003. ... The Elections for the 17th Knesset were held in Israel on 28 March 2006. ... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (×‘×™×ª ×›× ×¡×ª) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ...

Shas is a strong advocate of the Halacha playing a pivotal role and providing a fulcrum for the operation of the state and it's identity, such as laws prohibiting various activities on the Shabbat. Shas has a socially conservative agenda, while also supporting generous welfare payments, especially for yeshiva students. Its policy toward the Arabs has been relatively flexible, although it generally supports the Greater Israel idea united under the crown of the Mizrahi Torah, in accordance to HaMaran Rabbi Ovadia Yosef's Shlita flexible foreign policy derivatives. They have never taken an active measure to supporting the Gush Emunim movement and dont relatively care about the Israeli Settlements, and probably are more closer to Agudat Yisrael than the Tkuma or Hazit. Shas, however, has at various times been able to exert disproportionate influence by gaining control of the balance of power within the context of the traditionally narrow margin between Israel's large parties, Labour and Likud, now joined by Kadima. Halakha (הלכה in Hebrew or Halakhah, Halacha, Halachah) is the collective corpus of Jewish law, custom and tradition regulating all aspects of behavior. ... This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predomiantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Maronite, Alawite Islam, Druze, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism An Arab (Arabic: ) is any member of the Semitic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases, ancestral origins trace back to... Mythological King Davids Kingdom at the time of his death Greater Israel (also Complete Land of Israel, Hebrew: â€Ž, Eretz Yisrael Hashlemah[1][2]) is a term that denotes Biblical boundaries of the Land of Israel. ... Maran is a title for respected rabbis, especially among Sepharadic jews. ... Rabbi Ovadia Yosef (Hebrew: ×¢×•×‘×“×™×” ×™×•×¡×£) (b. ... Gush Emunim גוש אמונים (Hebrew: Block [of the] faithful) was an Israeli political movement. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Israeli settlement. ... Categories: Organization stubs | Israel-related stubs | Israeli political parties | Orthodox Judaism ... Tkuma was a temporary Israeli right wing party during 1998. ... Chayil Party ballot Israel legislative election, 2006 The Chayil Party (Hebrew, ×—×™×œ) is the Right Wing Israeli political party founded by Baruch Marzel. ... The Israel Labor Party (Hebrew: ×”×¢×‘×•×“×”, Haâ€˜Avoda (Labor), officially ×ž×¤×œ×’×ª ×”×¢×‘×•×“×” ×”×™×©×¨××œ×™×ª, Mifleget Haâ€˜Avoda HaIsraâ€™elit) is a center-left political party in Israel. ... Likud (Hebrew: ×œ×™×›×•×“, literally means consolidation) is a centre-right political party in Israel. ... Kadima (Hebrew: ×§×“×™×ž×”, QÄdÄ«mÄh, forward) is an Israeli political party. ...

The majority of Shas voters are themselves not Ultra-orthodox. Many of its voters are Modern Orthodox and 'traditional' Mizrahim and Sephardim. Some Druze and pragmatic Mafdalniks (supporters of the National Religious Party) also vote for Shas, due to its alignment with the promotion of an 'authentic Middle Eastern' Israeli culture, which fits well with traditional Zionist beliefs of a revival of authentic Jewish culture. However, they are still representing, by principle and not practise, their Sephardi and Mizrahi Haredi Jewish Sectors in the Knesset. Modern Orthodox Judaism is a philosophy that attempts to adapt Orthodox Judaism and interaction with the surrounding non-Jewish, modern world. ... Languages Hebrew, Dzhidi, JudÃ¦o-Arabic, Gruzinic, Bukhori, Judeo-Berber, Juhuri and JudÃ¦o-Aramaic Religions Judaism Related ethnic groups Ashkenazi Jews, Sephardi Jews, other Jewish ethnic divisions and Arabs. ... Languages Ladino also JudÃ¦o-Portuguese, Catalanic, and Shuadit Religions Judaism Related ethnic groups Ashkenazi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, other Jewish ethnic divisions, Spaniards, Portuguese Sephardi Jews (Hebrew: ×¡×¤×¨×“×™, Standard Tiberian ; plural ×¡×¤×¨×“×™×, Standard Tiberian ) are a subgroup of Jews originating in the Iberian Peninsula, usually defined in contrast to Ashkenazi Jews; frequently... Religions Druzism Scriptures Languages Arabic, Hebrew The Druze (Arabic: Ø¯Ø±Ø²ÙŠ, derzÄ« or durzÄ«, plural Ø¯Ø±ÙˆØ², durÅ«z; Hebrew: , Druzim; also transliterated Druz or Druse) are a Middle Eastern religious community whose traditional religion began as an offshoot of the Ismaili sect of Islam, but is unique in its incorporation of Gnostic, neo... Mafdal party logo The National Religious Party (Hebrew: Mafdal, ×ž×¤×“×œ) is an Israeli political party representing the religious Zionist movement. ... Israeli culture is inseparable from Judaism which preceded it (i. ... A bilingual poster in Romanian and Hungarian promoting a film about Jewish settlement in Palestine, 1930s. ... Sephardim (×¡×¤×¨×“×™, Standard Hebrew SÉ™fardi, Tiberian Hebrew ardÃ®; plural Sephardim: ×¡×¤×¨×“×™×, Standard Hebrew Sfaradim, Tiberian Hebrew ) are a subgroup of Jews, generally defined in contrast to Ashkenazim and/or . ... Mizrachi is also an organisation of the Religious Zionist Movement Mizrahi Jews or Oriental Jews (מזרחי eastern, Standard Hebrew Mizraḥi, Tiberian Hebrew Mizrāḥî; plural מזרחים easterners, Standard Hebrew Mizraḥim, Tiberian Hebrew Mizrāḥîm... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (×‘×™×ª ×›× ×¡×ª) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ...

Beliefs and political platform

Controversy

Since 1999, several of Shas's MKs, including Aryeh Deri, Raphael Pinhasi, Yair Lev, Ofer Hugi and Yair Peretz have been convicted of offences including fraud and forgery. In addition, current MK Shlomo Benizri is currently on trial for accepting bribes. Born on February 17, 1959 in Meknes ,Morocco, Aryeh Deri is the former leader of Israels Shas Party. ... Ofer Hugi Ofer Hugi (Hebrew: ×¢×•×¤×¨ ×—×•×’×™, born 17 April 1964) is an Israeli politician who represented Shas in the Knesset from 1999 to 2003 and again for just under a month in 2006. ...

Election to 17th Knesset (2006)

Eliyahu (Eli) Yishai (in Hebrew ××œ×™×”×• (××œ×™) ×™×©×™) (born December 26, 1962) is the leader of the Haredi Sephardi Shas party in Israel. ... Yitzhak Cohen (Hebrew: ×™×¦×—×§ ×›×”×Ÿ) (born: December 2, 1951) is an Israeli politician and member of the 14-16th Knessets, former National Authority of Religious Services Minister, and former Deputy Minister of Finance. ... Meshulam Nahari is a member of Shas, and a representative in the Knesset. ... Ariel Atias Ariel Atias (Hebrew: ××¨×™××œ ××˜×™××¡) is a member of Shas, and currently represents the party in the Knesset. ... Shlomo Benizri is an Israeli politician and member of the Shas party. ... Nissim Zeev (in Hebrew × ×¡×™× ×–××‘) (born September 9, 1951) is an Israeli politician and a Shas member of the Knesset. ...

Joining the government

Shas is part of the current governing coalition, installed on May 4, 2006, which also includes the larger Kadima and Labour parties, the smaller Gil and, since October 2006, Yisrael Beytenu. In the new government, Shas party leader Yishai is Minister of Industry, Trade and Labor, and Deputy Prime Minister. Also in the cabiner are Atias as Minister of Communications, and Nahari and Yitzhak Cohen as Ministers Without Portfolio. Kadima (Hebrew: ×§×“×™×ž×”, QÄdÄ«mÄh, forward) is an Israeli political party. ... The Israel Labor Party (Hebrew: ×”×¢×‘×•×“×”, Haâ€˜Avoda (Labor), officially ×ž×¤×œ×’×ª ×”×¢×‘×•×“×” ×”×™×©×¨××œ×™×ª, Mifleget Haâ€˜Avoda HaIsraâ€™elit) is a center-left political party in Israel. ... Gil (Hebrew: ×’×™×œ) is a political party in Israel and part of the governing coalition in the seventeenth Knesset. ... Yisrael Beytenu (Hebrew: ×™×©×¨××œ ×‘×™×ª× ×•, Israel Our Home) is a right-of-center political party in Israel with support from immigrants to Israel who came from the lands of the former Soviet Union. ... A Minister without Portfolio is a government minister with no specific responsibilities. ...

External links

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Major Articles in Orthodox Judaism

Branches: Haredi - Hasidic - Modern - Religious Zionism - Neturei Karta - People: Orthodox Jews - Rabbis - Hasidic dynasties - Politics: Shas - UTJ - NRP - Rabbinates: Rabbanut - Edah - Moetzes - RCA - UK - Organizations: OU - Agudah - Mizrachi - Education: Torah study - Yeshivas and schools - Torah Umesorah - Laws: Shulchan Aruch - Halakha - Rabbinic laws - Philosophies: Torah im Derech Eretz - Torah Umadda - Da'as Torah - Hasidism more... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Haredi or Charedi Judaism (alternatively Hareidi or Chareidi - this spelling being usually preferred by Haredim themselves) is the most theologically conservative form of Orthodox Judaism. ... Hasidic Judaism (also Chasidic, etc. ... Modern Orthodox Judaism (or Modern Orthodox or Modern Orthodoxy; sometimes abbreviated as MO or Modox) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize traditional observance and values with the secular, modern world. ... Religious Zionism, or the Religious Zionist Movement, a branch of which is also called Mizrachi, is an ideology that claims to combine Zionism and Judaism, to base Zionism on the principles of Jewish religion and heritage. ... Members of Neturei Karta protesting against Zionism. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... United Torah Judaism (In Hebrew: יהדות התורה which translates as Judaism [of the] Torah) (UTJ) is a small Haredi political party in the Israeli Knesset. ... Mafdal party logo The National Religious Party (Hebrew: Mafdal, ×ž×¤×“×œ) is an Israeli political party representing the religious Zionist movement. ... The Kotel is under the supervision of the Chief Rabbinate of Israel The Chief Rabbinate of Israel is the supreme Jewish religious governing body in the state of Israel. ... The Edah HaCharedis (Hebrew: ×”×¢×“×” ×”×—×¨×“×™×ª HaEdah HaCharedis), also written Edah Haredit, is a prominent Haredi rabbinical body in present-day Jerusalem. ... The Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages) serves as the highest ranking rabbinic policy board of the Agudath Israel organization. ... The Rabbinical Council of America (RCA) is one of the worlds largest organizations of Orthodox Jewish rabbis; it is affiliated with The Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, more commonly known as the Orthodox Union, or OU. History The roots of the organization go back to 1923 when... OU logo. ... Agudath Israel can refer to any of several related organizations, including: an international movement, the World Agudath Israel an American organization, Agudath Israel of America an Israeli political party, Agudat Israel This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same... The Mizrachi (acronym for Merkaz Ruchani or religious centre) is the name of the religious Zionist organization founded in 1902 in Vilna at a world conference of religious Zionists called by Rabbi Yitzchak Yaacov Reines. ... Torah study is the study by Jews of the Torah, Tanakh, Talmud, responsa, rabbinic literature and similar works, all of which are Judaisms religious texts, for the purpose of the mitzvah (commandment) of Torah study itself, meaning study for religious (as opposed to academic) purposes. ... Torah Umesorah - National Society for Hebrew Day Schools (or Torah Umesorah ×ª×•×¨×” ×•×ž×¡×•×¨×”) is an Orthodox Judaism organization that fosters and promotes Torah-based Jewish religious education in North America by supporting and developing a loosely affiliated network of independent private Jewish day schools, yeshivas and kollelim in every city with a... The Shulkhan Arukh (Hebrew: Prepared Table), by Rabbi Yosef Karo is considered the most authoritative compilation of Jewish law since the Talmud. ... Halakha (Hebrew: ×”×œ×›×”; also transliterated as Halakhah, Halacha, Halakhot and Halachah with pronunciation emphasis on the third syllable, kha), is the collective corpus of Jewish religious law, including biblical law (the 613 mitzvot) and later talmudic and rabbinic law as well as customs and traditions. ... Torah im Derech Eretz (Hebrew ×ª×•×¨×” ×¢× ×“×¨×š ××¨×¥ - Torah with the way of the land) is a philosophy of Orthodox Judaism articulated by Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch (1808-1888), which formalizes a relationship between traditionally observant Judaism and the modern world. ... Torah Umadda (Hebrew: ×ª×•×¨×” ×•×ž×“×¢, Torah and secular knowledge) is a philosophy of Modern Orthodox Judaism, concerning the interrelationship between the secular world and Judaism, and in particular between secular knowledge and Jewish knowledge. ... Daas Torah (or Daat Torah, Daas Toyreh) (Hebrew: ×“×¢×ª ×ª×•×¨×”. Literally, Knowledge of Torah) is an important basic concept in present-day Jewish Haredi society. ... Hasidic Philosophy or Chassidic philosophy (also Hasidism or Hassidism, Chassidus or Chassidut or Chasidut) is the teachings and philosophy underlying Hasidic Judaism. ...

Contents

Beliefs and political platform

Controversy

Election to 17th Knesset (2006)

Joining the government

External links