Shetland Islands Sealtainn
Flag Coat of arms
Location
Geography
Area	Ranked 12th
- Total	1,466 km²
- % Water	?
Admin HQ	Lerwick
ISO 3166-2	GB-ZET
ONS code	00RD
Demographics
Population	Ranked 31st
- Total (2006)	21,900
- Density	15 / km²
Scottish Gaelic
- Total ()	{{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}}
Politics
Shetland Islands Council http://www.shetland.gov.uk/
Control	Independent
MPs	Alistair Carmichael
MSPs	Tavish Scott

Shetland (formerly spelled Zetland, from Ȝetland, Old Norse Hjaltland), is one of 32 council areas of Scotland. It is an archipelago to the north-east of Orkney and mainland Scotland, and 280 km from Faroe Islands. It forms part of the division between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the North Sea to the east. The total area is approximately 1,466 km² (566 sq. miles). The administrative centre and only burgh is Lerwick. Shetland is a name used for several places/things: Shetland Islands Shetland Pony Shetland Sheepdog South Shetland Islands This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Shetland. ... Image File history File links Coat_of_arms_of_Shetland. ... Flag of Shetland The flag of Shetland was designed by Roy Grönneberg and Bill Adams in 1969. ... council area of Scotland File links The following pages link to this file: Shetland Islands Categories: NowCommons | GFDL images ... Map of Scotland Although Scotland is a relatively small country, with a land area of 78 772 km², its geography is highly varied, from the rural lowlands, to the barren highlands, and from large cities to uninhabited islands. ... This is a list of council areas of Scotland ordered by area. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... Lerwick Lerwick is the only burgh and main port of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, found more than 100 miles (160 km) off the north coast of mainland Great Britain. ... The ISO 3166-2 codes for the United Kingdom correspond to the nations administrative divisions. ... The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating census and other statistical data. ... This is a list of the council areas of Scotland ordered by population. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This is a list of Members of Parliament at the House of Commons in Westminster representing constituencies in Scotland, arranged by party. ... Alistair Morrison Carmichael (born July 15, 1965) is a Liberal Democrat politician, and Member of Parliament for the Scottish seat of Orkney and Shetland. ... The Scottish Parliament is composed of 129 members called Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) or, in Gaelic, Buill Pàrlamaid na h-Alba (BPnA). ... Tavish Scott (born 6 May 1966) is a Scottish Liberal Democrat politician, and Member of the Scottish Parliament for Shetland, and Minister for Transport. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Scotland. ... Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). ... The 32 council areas of Scotland form the local government areas of Scotland, all of them unitary authorities. ... This article is about the country. ... The Mergui Archipelago The Archipelago Sea, situated between the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland, the largest archipelago in the world by the number of islands. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 16th  - Total 990 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Kirkwall ISO 3166-2 GB-ORK ONS code 00RA Demographics Population Ranked 32nd  - Total (2006) 19,800  - Density 20 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Orkney Islands Council http://www. ... The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... To help compare orders of magnitude of different geographical regions, we list here areas between 1,000 km² and 10,000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... A sign in Linlithgow, Scotland. ... Lerwick Lerwick is the only burgh and main port of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, found more than 100 miles (160 km) off the north coast of mainland Great Britain. ...

The largest island, known as the Mainland, has an area of 967 km² (374 sq. miles), making it the third-largest Scottish island and the fifth-largest of the British Isles. Mainland is the main island of Shetland, Scotland. ... This is a list of the islands of Scotland, the mainland of which is part of the island of Great Britain, as well as a table of the largest Scottish islands. ... This page is a list of the larger British Isles by area. ... This article describes the archipelago in north-western Europe. ...

Shetland is also a lieutenancy area, comprises the Shetland constituency of the Scottish Parliament, and was formerly a county. The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lords-lieutenant, the monarchs representatives, in Scotland. ... Shetland is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament which was created in 1999, at the same time as the parliament. ... For the national legislative body up to 1707, see Parliament of Scotland. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...

History

Prehistory

Shetland has been populated since at least 3000 BC. The early people subsisted on cattle-farming and agriculture. During the Bronze Age, around 2000 BC, the climate cooled and the population moved to the coast. During the Iron Age, many stone fortresses were erected, some ruins of which remain today. Around A.D. 297, Roman sources describe a people known as the Picts who ruled much of north Scotland, and Shetland eventually became part of the Pictish kingdom. Shetland's Picts were later conquered by the Vikings. Due to the practice, dating to at least the early Neolithic, of building in stone on the virtually tree-less islands, Shetland is extremely rich in physical remains of all these periods,^{[citation needed]} though fewer are preserved as Ancient Monuments than in Orkney. The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking has developed the techniques of smelting copper from natural outcroppings and alloys it to cast bronze. ... Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ... A replica of the Hilton of Cadboll Stone. ... This article is about the country. ... The name Viking is a loan from the native Scandinavian term for the Norse seafaring warriors who raided the coasts of Scandinavia, Europe and the British Isles from the late 8th century to the 11th century, the period of European history referred to as the Viking Age. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 16th  - Total 990 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Kirkwall ISO 3166-2 GB-ORK ONS code 00RA Demographics Population Ranked 32nd  - Total (2006) 19,800  - Density 20 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Orkney Islands Council http://www. ...

The artefacts of all the eras of Shetland's past are best studied by a visit to the newly built (2007) Shetland Museum in Lerwick. Lerwick Lerwick is the only burgh and main port of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, found more than 100 miles (160 km) off the north coast of mainland Great Britain. ...

Norwegian colonisation

Harald Hårfagre took control of Hjaltland in ca 875.
The image is from the Icelandic manuscript Flateyjarbók from the 1400s

By the end of the ninth century the Vikings shifted their attention from plundering to invasion, mainly due to the overpopulation of Norway in comparison to resources and arable land available there. Vikings colonised much of northern Europe, including the Iberian Peninsula, Normandy, Scotland, Shetland, Orkney, the Hebrides, the Isle of Man, the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland. Subsequently they reached North America. The Norwegians tended to follow a northern route to the islands and less populous places whereas the Danes went to more populated areas such as England and France, and the Swedes went east.^[1] Image File history File links King Haraldr hárfagri receives the kingdom out of his fathers hands. ... Image File history File links King Haraldr hárfagri receives the kingdom out of his fathers hands. ... The Flatey Book, (in Icelandic the Flateyjarbók Flat-island book) is one of the most important medieval Icelandic manuscripts. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 16th  - Total 990 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Kirkwall ISO 3166-2 GB-ORK ONS code 00RA Demographics Population Ranked 32nd  - Total (2006) 19,800  - Density 20 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Orkney Islands Council http://www. ... This article is about the Hebrides islands in Scotland. ... For the historical novel by George Mackay Brown, which depicts Leif Eiríkssons voyage, see Vinland (novel). ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ...

Hjaltland was colonised by Norwegian Vikings in the 9th century, the existing indigenous population no doubt being wiped out or driven out. The colonisers gave it that name and established their laws and language. That language evolved into the West Nordic language Norn, which survived into the 1800s. West Norse refers to Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic in opposition to East Norse, i. ... Norn is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken on the Shetland Islands and Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. ...

After Harald Hårfagre took control of all Norway, many of his opponents fled, some to Orkney and Shetland. From these northern isles they continued to raid Scotland and Norway, prompting Harald Hårfagre to raise a large fleet which he sailed to the islands. In about 875 he and his forces took control of Shetland and Orkney. Ragnvald, Earl of Møre received Orkney and Shetland as an earldom from the king as reparation for his son's being killed in battle in Scotland. Ragnvald gave the earldom to his brother Sigurd the Mighty. Harald Fairhair or Harald Finehair (Old Norse:Haraldr hinn hárfagri, Icelandic:Haraldur hinn hárfagri, Norwegian:Harald HÃ¥rfagre) (c. ... The Northern Isles are a chain of islands off the north coast of Scotland. ... Events December 29 - Charles the Bald, king of west Danes capture Lindisfarne and arrive in Cambridge. ... Ragnvald Eysteinsson, The Wise (830-890) (Old Norse: Rögnvaldr Mærajarl), Earl of Sunnmøre, Nordmøre and Romsdal, was born in Maer Nord-Trøndelag, Norway and died at the Orkney Islands. ... The Earl of Orkney was originally a Norse jarl ruling Orkney, Shetland and parts of Caithness and Sutherland. ...

Shetland was Christianised in the tenth century. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is...

Conflict with Norway

King Sverre transferred Shetland from the earl to the Crown of Norway in 1195.
Image: The oil painting King Sverre's march over the Vossefjell by Peter Nicolai Arbo.

In 1194 when king Sverre Sigurdsson (ca 1145 - 1202) ruled Norway and Harald Maddadsson was Earl of Orkney and Shetland, the Lendmann Hallkjell Jonsson and the Earl's brother-in-law Olav raised an army called the eyjarskeggjar on Orkney and sailed for Norway. Their pretender king was Olav's young foster son Sigurd, son of king Magnus Erlingsson. The eyjarskeggjar were beaten in the battle of Florvåg near Bergen. The body of Sigurd Magnusson was displayed for the king in Bergen in order for him to be sure of the death of his enemy, but he also demanded that Harald Maddadsson (Harald jarl) answer for his part in the uprising. In 1195 the earl sailed to Norway to reconcile with King Sverre. As a punishment the king placed the earldom of Shetland under the direct rule of the king, from which it was probably never returned. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1194x789, 38 KB)King Sverrir Sigurðssons trek across the Voss mountains. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1194x789, 38 KB)King Sverrir Sigurðssons trek across the Voss mountains. ... Peter Nicolai Arbo (1831–1892) was a Norwegian painter, who specialized in painting historical motifs and images from Norse mythology. ... Sverre Sigurdsson (Old Norse Sverrir Sigurðsson) (c. ... Events Pope Lucius II is succeeded by Pope Eugene III Nur ad-Din ascends to power in Syria Construction begins on Notre-Dame dChartres in Chartres, France Korean historian Kim Pusik compiled the historical text Samguk Sagi. ... // Events August 1 - Arthur of Brittany captured in Mirebeau, north of Poitiers Beginning of the Fourth Crusade. ... The Lewis chessmen an iconic image of Scandinavian Scotland in Harald Maddadssons time. ... Sigurd Magnusson was a Norwegian pretender and rival king during the Civil War era. ... Magnus Erlingsson (1156-1184). ... County Hordaland District Midhordland Municipality NO-1201 Administrative centre Bergen Mayor (2006) Herman Friele (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 215 465 km² 445 km² 0. ...

Increased Scottish interest

After defending the Hebrides, Håkon IV Håkonsson dies in Kirkwall the same year.
Image from the Icelandic manuscript Flateyjarbók from the 1400s

When Alexander III of Scotland turned twenty-one in 1262 and became of age he declared his intentions of continuing the aggressive policy his father had begun towards the western and northern isles. This had been put on hold when his father had died thirteen years earlier. Alexander sent a formal demand to the Norwegian King Håkon Håkonsson. Image File history File links HakonTheOldAndSon-Flateyjarbok. ... Image File history File links HakonTheOldAndSon-Flateyjarbok. ... The Flatey Book, (in Icelandic the Flateyjarbók Flat-island book) is one of the most important medieval Icelandic manuscripts. ... Coronation of King Alexander on Moot Hill, Scone. ... Haakon Haakonsson (1204 – December 16, 1263) (Norwegian HÃ¥kon HÃ¥konsson, Old Norse Hákon Hákonarson), also called Haakon the Old, was king of Norway from 1217 to 1263. ...

After decades of civil war, Norway had achieved stability and grown to be a substantial nation with influence in Europe and the potential to be a powerful force in war. With this as a background, King Håkon rejected all demands from the Scottish. The Norwegians regarded all the islands in the North Sea as part of the Norwegian Realm. To put more weight on his answer King Harald activated the leidang and set off from Norway in a fleet which is said to have been the largest ever assembled in Norway. The fleet met up in Breideyarsund in Shetland (probably today's Bressay Sound) before the king and his men sailed for Scotland and made landfall on Isle of Arran. The aim was to conduct negotiations with the large army as a backup. This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Isle of Arran (Scots Gaelic: Eilean Arainn) is the largest island in the Firth of Clyde with an area of 430 km² (167 square miles). ...

Alexander III drew out all negotiations while he patiently waited for the autumn storms to set in. Finally, after tiresome diplomatic talks, King Håkon lost his patience and decided to attack. At the same time a large storm set in which destroyed several of his ships and kept others from making landfall. The Battle of Largs in October 1263 was not decisive and both parties claimed victory, but King Håkon Håkonsson's position was hopeless. On 5 October, he returned to Orkney with a discontented army where he died of a fever on 17 December 1263. His death halted any further Norwegian expansion in Scotland. The Battle of Largs took place in Largs, North Ayrshire in 1263 between Scotland and the forces of King Magnus III of Man and the Isles as well as the manxmens ally, King Haakon IV of Norway. ... For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ... December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ...

Magnus Lagabøte relequishes Sudreyar (Hebrides) and Man in return for Scottish recognition of Norwegian sovereignty over Orkney and Hjaltland.
The image shows the seal of Frostating where King Magnus Lagabøte on St. Hans day in 1274 as he seated on the throne gives the lagmann of Frostating the new Frostating law

King Magnus Lagabøte broke with his father's expansion policy. He started negotiations with Alexander III. With the Treaty of Perth in 1266 he surrendered furthest Norwegian possessions including Man and the Sudreyar (Hebrides) to Scotland in return for 4000 marks sterling and an annuity of 100 marks (which the Scottish soon stopped paying). The Scottish also recognised the Norwegian sovereignty over Orkney and Shetland. Image File history File links Frostatingseglet. ... Image File history File links Frostatingseglet. ... When Norway was united as a kingdom (900 - 1030 AD), the first lagtings were constituted as superior regional assemblies, Frostating being one of them. ... Magnus Lagabøte (lit. ... The Treaty of Perth ended military conflict between Norway under Magnus the Law-mender and Scotland under Alexander III over the sovereignty of the Western Isles, the Isle of Mann and Caithness. ... Motto (Latin) Whithersoever you throw it, it will stand Anthem O Land of Our Birth (Manx) Royal anthem God Save the Queen Capital (and largest city) Douglas Official languages Manx, English Government    -  Lord of Mann Elizabeth II  -  Lieutenant Governor Sir Paul Haddacks  -  First Deemster Michael Kerruish  -  President of Tynwald Noel... This article is about the Hebrides islands in Scotland. ...

One of the main reasons behind the Norwegian desire for peace with Scotland was that trade with England was suffering from the state of war. In the new trade agreement between England and Norway in 1223 the English demanded Norway make peace with Scotland. In 1269, this agreement was expanded to include mutual free trade.

Pawned to Scotland

King Christian I pawned the islands to pay a dowry.
Illustration from the book Nordens Historie from 1887 by Niels Bache

In the 14th century Norway still treated Orkney and Shetland as a Norwegian province, but Scottish influence was growing, and in 1379 the Scottish earl Henry Sinclair took control of Orkney on behalf of the Norwegian king Håkon VI Magnusson.^[2] In 1348 Norway was severely weakened by the Black Plague and in 1397 it entered the Kalmar Union. With time Norway came increasingly under Danish control. King Christian I of Denmark and Norway was in financial troubles and, when his daughter Margaret became engaged to James III of Scotland in 1468, he needed money to pay her dowry. Apparently without the knowledge of the Norwegian Riksråd (Council of the Realm) he entered into a contract on 8 September 1468 with the King of Scotland in which he pawned Orkney for 50,000 Rhenish guilders.^[3] On 28 May the next year he also pawned Shetland for 8,000 Rhenish guilders.^[4]. He secured a clause in the contract which gave future kings of Norway the right to redeem the islands for a fixed sum of 210 kg of gold or 2,310 kg of silver. Several attempts were made during the 17th and 18th centuries to redeem the islands, without success.^[5] ImageMetadata File history File links Christian_1_of_Denmark. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Christian_1_of_Denmark. ... Christian I of Denmark (1426-1481), Danish monarch and union king of Denmark (1448_1481), Norway (1450-1481) and Sweden (1457-1464), under the Kalmar Union. ... Henry Sinclair, 1st Earl of Orkney, Baron of Roslin, and Lord of Shetland (c. ... Haakon VI Magnusson (appr. ... This article concerns the epidemic of the mid-14th century. ... The Kalmar Union flag. ... Christian I of Denmark (1426-1481), Danish monarch and union king of Denmark (1448_1481), Norway (1450-1481) and Sweden (1457-1464), under the Kalmar Union. ... James III of Scotland (1451/ 1452 – June 11, 1488), son of James II and Mary of Gueldres, created Duke of Rothesay at birth, king of Scotland from 1460 to 1488. ... A dowry (also known as trousseau) is a gift of money or valuables given by the family of the bride to the family of the groom at the time of their marriage. ... Rigsraadet (Eng. ...

James III and Margaret, their betrothal led to Shetland passing from Norway to Scotland

Image File history File links James_III_and_Margaret_of_Denmark. ... Image File history File links James_III_and_Margaret_of_Denmark. ...

The Hansa era

After the decline of the Vikings, four centuries followed where the Shetlanders sold their goods through the Hanseatic League of German merchantmen in Bergen, and later to merchants from Bremen, Lübeck and Hamburg. The Hansa would buy shiploads of salted cod and ling. In return, the island population got cash, grain, cloth, beer and other goods. The trade with the North German towns lasted until the Act of Union 1707 prohibited the German merchants from trading with Shetland. Briefly Shetland went into an economic depression as the Scottish and local traders were not as skilled in trading with salted fish. However, some local merchant-lairds took up where the German merchants had left off, and fitted out their own ships to export Shetland fish to the Continent. For the independent farmers of Shetland this led to a negative spiral, where they had to fish for the merchant-lairds.^[6]. The Liberal prime minister William Ewart Gladstone freed the Shetland 'serfs' from the rule of the landlords in the 1880s. Carta marina of the Baltic Sea region (1539). ... This article is about the city in Germany. ... The title of this article contains the character ü. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Luebeck. ... This article is about the city in Germany. ... The Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, is a well-known food fish belonging to the family Gadidae. ... Binomial name Molva molva (Linnaeus, 1758) The Ling (Molva molva) is a large member of the Cod family. ... The word grain has several meanings, most being descriptive of a small piece or particle. ... It has been suggested that Textile be merged into this article or section. ... For other uses, see Beer (disambiguation). ... The Acts of Union were twin Acts of Parliament passed in 1707 (taking effect on 26 March) by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. ... This article is about the historic Liberal Party. ... William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886 and 1892–1894). ...

Napoleonic wars

Some 3000 Shetlanders served in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic wars from 1800 to 1815.^{[citation needed]} This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... Combatants Austria[a] Portugal Prussia[a] Russia[b] Sicily[c] Sardinia  Spain[d]  Sweden[e] United Kingdom French Empire Holland[f] Italy Etruria[g] Naples[h] Duchy of Warsaw[i] Confederation of the Rhine[j] Bavaria Saxony Westphalia Württemberg Denmark-Norway[k] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack...

World War II

During World War II a Norwegian naval unit nicknamed the Shetland Gang or the Shetland bus was established by the Special Operations Executive Norwegian Section in the autumn of 1940 with a base first at Lunna and later in Scalloway in order to conduct operations on the coast of Norway. About 30 fishing vessels used by Norwegian refugees were gathered in Shetland. Many of these vessels were rented, and Norwegian fishermen were recruited as volunteers to operate them. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Shetland bus was the popular name of the escape route and supply route established between occupied Norway and the Shetland Islands (Scotland), operated initially by a large number of small fishing boats and later by three US made submarinechasers; HNoMS Vigra, HNoMS Hitra and HNoMS Hessa. ... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... Scalloway is the largest settlement on Shetlands Atlantic coast and until 1708 was the capital of Shetland. ...

The Shetland Gang sailed in covert operations between Norway and Shetland, carrying men from Company Linge, intelligence agents, refugees, instructors for the resistance, and military supplies. Many people on the run from the Germans, and much important information on German activity in Norway, were brought back to the Allies this way. Some mines were laid and direct action against German ships was also taken. At the start the unit was under a British command, but later Norwegians joined in the command. Norwegian Independent Company 1 (NOR.I.C.1, also Norisen) was a SOE group formed in March of 1941 for the purpose of perfoming commando raids in occupied Norway. ...

The fishing vessels made 80 trips across the sea. German attacks and bad weather caused the loss of 10 boats, 44 crewmen, and 60 refugees. Because of the high losses it was decided to procure faster vessels. The Americans gave the unit the use of three submarine chasers (HNoMS Hessa, HNoMS Hitra and HNoMS Vigra). None of the trips with these vessels incurred loss of life or equipment.^[7] The HNoMS Hitra (Norwegian prefix KNM) is a Royal Norwegian Navy submarine chaser that saw action during World War II. She is named after the Norwegian island of Hitra. ...

The Shetland Gang made over 200 trips across the sea and the most famous of the men, Leif Andreas Larsen (Shetlands-Larsen) made 52 of them.^[8]. Leif Andreas Larsen (9 January 1906 - 12 October 1990), popularly known as Shetlands Larsen, was probably the most famous of the men that operated the Shetland Bus escape route during WWII. Escaping Norway in February 1941 in the fishing boat MOTIG 1, he trained with the Linge Company, and...

Shetland today

In the early 1970s, oil and gas was found off Shetland. The East Shetland Basin is one of the largest petroleum sedimentary basins in Europe and the oil extracted there is sent to the terminal at Sullom Voe (Norse: Solheimavagr). Sullom Voe terminal opened in 1978 and is the largest oil export harbour in Great Britain with a volume of 25 million tons per year. The East Shetland Basin is a major oil-producing area of the North Sea between Scotland and Norway. ... Sullom Voe is an inlet between North Mainland and Northmavine on Shetland in Scotland, and an oil terminal sited on its shore. ...

Income from oil, and the improved economic state that oil-related development has brought, has resulted in reduced emigration and vastly improved infrastructure throughout Shetland, leading to an improved quality of life.

As a result of the oil revenue and the cultural links with Norway, a small independence movement developed briefly within Shetland. It saw as its model the Isle of Man, as well as its closest neighbour, Faroe, an autonomous dependency of Denmark ^[9]. The Faroe Islands (Faroese: Føroyar, meaning Sheep Islands) are a group of islands in the north Atlantic Ocean between Scotland and Iceland. ...

Timeline

(31st century BC - 30th century BC - 29th century BC - other centuries) (4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC) Events 2925 - 2776 BC - First Dynasty wars in Egypt 2900 BC - Beginning of the Early Dynastic Period I in Mesopotamia. ... Events Narseh of Persia and Diocletian conclude a peace treaty between Persia and Rome. ... Events December 29 - Charles the Bald, king of west Danes capture Lindisfarne and arrive in Cambridge. ... Harald Fairhair or Harald Finehair (Old Norse:Haraldr hinn hárfagri, Icelandic:Haraldur hinn hárfagri, Norwegian:Harald HÃ¥rfagre) (c. ... Events Priory of St Marys, Bushmead, founded. ... The Lewis chessmen an iconic image of Scandinavian Scotland in Harald Maddadssons time. ... King Sverres trek across the Voss mountains is imagined in this 19th century painting by Peter Nicolai Arbo. ... Year 1379 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... Henry Sinclair, 1st Earl of Orkney, Baron of Roslin, and Lord of Shetland (c. ... Haakon VI Magnusson (appr. ... Events July 26 - Battle of Edgecote Moor October 17 - Prince Ferdinand of Aragon wed princess Isabella of Castile. ... There are two monarchs who have been named Christian I Christian I of Denmark Christian I of Sweden This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... James III of Scotland (1451/ 1452 – June 11, 1488), son of James II and Mary of Gueldres, created Duke of Rothesay at birth, king of Scotland from 1460 to 1488. ... Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. ... Norn is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken on the Shetland Islands and Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Acts of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... // Events March 23 - James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth July 1 - Tewoflos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia September 28 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya Kandahar conquered by Mir Wais In Masuria one third of the population die during the plague J... Scalloway is the largest settlement on Shetlands Atlantic coast and until 1708 was the capital of Shetland. ... Lerwick Lerwick is the only burgh and main port of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, found more than 100 miles (160 km) off the north coast of mainland Great Britain. ... Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886 and 1892–1894). ... Serf redirects here. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Shetland bus was the popular name of the escape route and supply route established between occupied Norway and the Shetland Islands (Scotland), operated initially by a large number of small fishing boats and later by three US made submarinechasers; HNoMS Vigra, HNoMS Hitra and HNoMS Hessa. ... The Special Operations Executive (SOE), sometimes referred to as the Baker Street Irregulars after Sherlock Holmess fictional group of spies, was a World War II organization initiated by Winston Churchill and Hugh Dalton in July 1940 as a mechanism for conducting warfare by means other than direct military engagement. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Sullom Voe is an inlet between North Mainland and Northmavine on Shetland in Scotland, and an oil terminal sited on its shore. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Arms of the Office of the Lord Lyon The Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the most junior of the Great Officers of State in Scotland and is the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that kingdom, issuing new grants of arms, and...

Culture

The main cultural influences on Shetland are Scandinavian and British (especially Scottish) but North Sea and North Atlantic commerce have ensured various other influences. Shetland's fiddle music is a blend of ancient Norwegian folk music, Scots reels, jigs and slow airs, and tunes brought home by sailors from Ireland, Germany, North America and even Greenland. Notable exponents of Shetland folk music include fiddle players, the late Tom Anderson and Aly Bain, and the guitarist, the late Peerie Willie Johnson. “Fiddler” redirects here. ... Tom Anderson (1910-1991) was a renowned Shetland fiddler and teacher. ... Aly Bain (born 1946 in Lerwick, Shetland) is a Scottish fiddler who learned his instrument from the old-time master Tom Anderson. ... For other uses, see Guitar (disambiguation). ... Peerie Willie Johnson (William Henry Johnson) (Born Yell, Shetland 10 December 1910; died Lerwick, Shetland 22 May 2007) was a Scottish folk guitarist and bassist. ...

The landscape and the light found in Shetland have been an inspiration to many artists in the fields of painting, drawing and sculpturing, both local and from elsewhere. There are several local art galleries. As with other Scottish dialects, the Shetland dialect, a mixture of old English, Scots and Norse words, was actively discouraged in schools, churches and civic life until the late twentieth century, but has since then been restored as a language of culture. It is used both in local radio and dialect writing, kept alive by the Shetland Folk Society and the quarterly New Shetlander magazine.^[10] The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of activities to do with creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. ... The Shetland Folk Society was created in 1945 as a heritage group, to gather, record and support all aspects of Shetlands cultural history. ...

Up Helly Aa is any of a variety of fire festivals held in Shetland annually in the middle of winter. The festival is just over 100 years old in its present, highly organised form. Originally a temperance festival held to break up the long nights of winter the festival has become one celebrating the isles heritage and includes a procession of men dressed as Vikings, the burning of a replica longship and copious amounts of alcohol. The main Up Helly Aa in Lerwick bars women from taking part in the processions of guizers. Instead, women prepare food for the big night.^[11] Up Helly Aa is any of a variety of fire festivals held in Shetland annually in the middle of winter. ... The Oseberg longship (Viking Ship Museum, Norway) Oseberg longship from the front, one of the most stunning expressions of Norse art and craftsmanship A longship tacking in the wind Longships were ships primarily used by the Scandinavian Vikings and the Saxons to raid coastal and inland settlements during the European...

Shetland competes in the bi-annual Island Games, which it hosted in 2005. The International Island Games Association (IGA) is an organization the sole purpose of which is to organise the Island Games, a friendly biennial athletic competition between teams from several islands. ...

Language

Main articles: Norn language, Shetlandic, and Pictish language

Jakob Jakobsen was a Faroese linguist and leading documentarist of Norn

The Pictish language died out during the Viking occupation to be replaced by Old Norse, which in turn evolved into Norn. This remains the most prominent remnant of Norse culture on the islands. Almost every place name in use there can be traced back to the Vikings.^[12] Norn continued to be spoken until the 18th century when it was replaced by an insular dialect of Scots also known as Shetlandic, which in turn is being replaced by Scottish English. However, the legacy of Norn remains in a number of words, making the Shetland dialect a distinctive form of Scots. The use of dialect was actively discouraged in schools, churches and civic life throughout Scotland until the late 20th century but islanders now take a pride in their native speech. Efforts are made to retain the use of the dialect and counter influence from English. Norn is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken on the Shetland Islands and Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. ... Shetlandic is a dialect of Insular Scots, itself a dialect of the Scots language. ... The Pictish language is the extinct language of the Picts, in what is now Scotland. ... Image File history File links Faroe_stamp_047_europe_(jakob_jakobsen). ... Image File history File links Faroe_stamp_047_europe_(jakob_jakobsen). ... Dr. Jakob (properly Jákup) Jakobsen (1864-1918), Faroese philologist, is a key figure in Shetlands culture. ... Norn is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken on the Shetland Islands and Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. ... The Pictish language is the extinct language of the Picts, in what is now Scotland. ... Old Norse is the Germanic language spoken by the inhabitants of Scandinavia and their overseas settlements during the Viking Age, until about 1300. ... Norn is an extinct North Germanic language that was spoken on the Shetland Islands and Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. ... Scots refers to the Anglic varieties spoken in parts of Scotland. ... Shetlandic is a dialect of Insular Scots, itself a dialect of the Scots language. ... Scottish English is usually taken to mean the standard form of the English language used in Scotland, often termed Scottish Standard English. ...

Although Norn was spoken for hundreds of years it is now extinct and few written sources remain.
Example of the Lord's Prayer in Shetland Norn: The Sermon on the Mount by Carl Heinrich Bloch. ...

For comparison to Orkney Norn and other languages please see: The Lord's Prayer in different languages. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Name

The original Norse name for Shetland was Hjaltland. Hjalt in Old Norse meaning the hilt or crossguard of a sword. As the local language evolved the ja became je as with Norse hjalpa which became hjelpa. Then the pronunciation of the combination of the letters hj changed to sh. This is also found in some Norwegian dialects in for instance the word hjå (with) and the place names Hjerkinn and Sjoa (from *Hjó). Lastly the l before the t disappeared.^[13]. Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). ... See also: Hilt (band) and Peter Hilt Hilt of Szczerbiec The hilt of a sword is its handle, consisting of a guard, grip and pommel. ... Hilt of Szczerbiec silver damascened rapier guard, between 1580 and 1600. ... The Sjoa river provides the outlet from lake Gjende at Gjendesheim in the Jotunheimen mountains of Norways Jotunheim National Park. ...

As Norn was gradually replaced by Scots Shetland became Ȝetland (the initial letter being the Middle Scots letter, yogh (which can also be found in the forename Menzies, e.g. Menzies Campbell.) This sounded almost identical to the original Norn sound, /hj/). When the letter yogh was discontinued, it was often replaced by the similar-looking letter 'z', hence Zetland, the mispronounced form used to describe the pre-1975 county council. Middle Scots describes the language of Anglic-speaking Lowland Scotland in the period 1450 to 1700. ... The letter yogh (Èœ ȝ; Middle English: ogh) was used in Middle English and Middle Scots, representing y (IPA: ) and various velar phonemes. ... Sir Walter Menzies Campbell, CBE, QC (born 22 May 1941), commonly known as Ming Campbell, is a British politician and retired sprinter. ... Look up Z, z in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Pronunciation refers to: the way a word or a language is usually spoken; the manner in which someone utters a word. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The traditional counties of Scotland are historic and cutural divisions of Scotland. ...

The earliest recorded name for the islands was Inse Catt, "islands of the Cat people": the same people that Caithness is named after. Caithness (Gallaibh in Gaelic)[1] is a committee area of Highland Council, Scotland; a lieutenancy area; and a registration county, Caithness was formerly a district within the Highland region from 1975 to 1996 and a local government county with its own county council from 1890 to 1975. ...

Norse names

The old Norse names of the principal islands were:

• Hjaltland (Mainland)
• Jell (Yell) - might be pre-Norse Pictish
• Unst - might be pre-Norse Pictish
• Fetlar - might be pre-Norse Pictish
• Hvalsey (Whalsay) - literally whale island (Hvalsøy/Kvalsøy in modern Norwegian)
• Brusey (Bressay) - most likely named after a Norse nobleman Bruse
• Fugley (Foula) - literally bird's island (Fugløy in modern Norwegian)
• Frjóey (Fair Isle) - literally fertile island (Froøy/Fræøy in modern Norwegian)

Shetland on film

Michael Powell made The Edge of the World in 1937. This film is a dramatisation based on the true story of the evacuation of the last thirty-six inhabitants of the remote island of St Kilda on 29 August 1930. St Kilda lies in the Atlantic Ocean, 64 kilometres west-northwest of North Uist in the Outer Hebrides; the inhabitants spoke Gaelic. Powell was unable to get permission to film on St. Kilda. Undaunted, he made the film over four months during the summer of 1936 on the island of Foula, in the Shetland Isles. Despite the fact that the Foula islanders speak the Norse-tinged dialect of Shetland, the film loses none of its power. Michael Latham Powell (September 30, 1905 – February 19, 1990) was a British film director, renowned for his partnership with Emeric Pressburger which produced a series of classic British films. ... MacGinnis, Chrystall and Berry in The Edge of the World. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... St Kilda (Scottish Gaelic: ) is an isolated archipelago situated 64 kilometres (40 mi) west-northwest of North Uist in the North Atlantic Ocean. ... is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Location of North Uist Landsat image of North Uist North Uist (Scottish Gaelic: Uibhist a Tuath) is an island of the Outer Hebrides. ... This article is about the Hebrides islands in Scotland. ... // Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Foula (Fugløy fowl island) is Great Britain’s most remote permanently inhabited island, being one of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, and owned since the turn of the 20th century by the Holbourn family. ...

• The Edge of the World (1937) dramatises the evacuation of the Islands and the ensuing tragedy.
• Return To The Edge Of The World (1978) was a documentary capturing a reunion of cast and crew of 1937's The Edge Of The World, 40 years after the fact, as they revisit the island.
• The Rugged Island: A Shetland Lyric (1934) at the Internet Movie Database
• Devil's Gate (2003).
• It's Nice Up North (2006) comedy documentary by Graham Fellows as John Shuttleworth.

MacGinnis, Chrystall and Berry in The Edge of the World. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... MacGinnis, Chrystall and Berry in The Edge of the World. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Internet Movie Database (IMDb) is an online database of information about movies, actors, television shows, production crew personnel, and video games. ... Devils Gate is a 2003 British film directed by Stuart St. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Its Nice Up North is a comedy documentary made by comedian Graham Fellows as his alter ego John Shuttleworth. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Graham Fellows (born Manchester, 22 May 1959) is an English comedy actor and musician, best known for creating the characters of John Shuttleworth and Jilted John. ...

Shetland in Literature

• Raman Mundair, 'A Choreographer's Cartography', Peepal Tree Press, Leeds, 2007, ISBN13: 9781845230517

The first section of this book - 60 degrees north - is a series of poems, some in Shetland dialect, that reflect the poet's experiences of Shetland and offers a unique British Asian perspective to the landscape. Raman Mundair is a British poet, writer, artist and playwright. ... Peepal Tree Press, based in England, publishes Caribbean, Black British and South Asian fiction, poetry and academic books. ...

Churches

Haroldswick Methodist Church is the most northerly church building in the UK

There are churches of many different denominations in Shetland, with the largest variety found in Lerwick. Unlike much of Scotland, the Methodist Church has a relatively high membership in Shetland. Shetland comprises a District of the Methodist Church (the rest of Scotland comprises a separate District). The Church of Scotland has a Presbytery of Shetland; the largest congregation is Lerwick and Bressay Parish Church.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File links Haroldswick_Methodist_Church. ... Image File history File links Haroldswick_Methodist_Church. ... Haroldswick or Harolds Wick, meaning Harolds Bay, is on Unst, Shetland Islands, and is one of the most northerly settlements in the British Isles. ... The Methodist Church of Great Britain or British Methodist Church is the largest Wesleyan / Methodist body in the United Kingdom, with congregations across Great Britain (although more limited in Scotland). ... The Church of Scotland (CofS; Scottish Gaelic: ), known informally by its pre-Union Scots name, The Kirk, is the national church of Scotland. ... Presbyterian governance of a church is typified by the rule of assemblies of presbyters, or elders. ... Lerwick and Bressay Parish Church is the largest Church of Scotland congregation in the Shetland Islands, serving the Islands capital Lerwick and the surrounding area. ...

Geography

A fine example of cross-bedding in Middle Old red sandstone on the Isle of Bressay.

Out of the approximately 100 islands, only fifteen are inhabited. The main island of the group is known as Mainland. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For red sandstone see: Old Red Sandstone New Red Sandstone This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Bressay ( From Old Norse meaning Broad Sound Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around 400 people. ... Mainland is the main island of Shetland, Scotland. ...

The other inhabited islands are: Bressay, Burra, Fetlar, Foula, Muckle Roe, Papa Stour, Trondra, Vaila, Unst, Whalsay, Yell in the main Shetland group, plus Fair Isle to the south, and Housay and Bruray in the Out Skerries to the east (see below). Bressay ( From Old Norse meaning Broad Sound Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around 400 people. ... Burra shown within Shetland Islands Burra is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland. ... Buildings at Houbie on Fetlar, including the primary school. ... Foula (Fugløy fowl island) is Great Britain’s most remote permanently inhabited island, being one of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, and owned since the turn of the 20th century by the Holbourn family. ... Muckle Roe is an island in Shetland, Scotland. ... Papa Stour shown within Shetland Islands Papa Stour is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around thirty people, some of whom have immigrated since an appeal for residents in the 1970s. ... Trondra is an island in Shetland, Scotland. ... Vaila is an island in Shetland, Scotland, lying south of the Westland peninsula of the Shetland Mainland. ... Unst shown within Shetland Islands The worlds most comfortable bus shelter? Unst is one of the North Isles of the Shetland Islands, Scotland. ... Whalsay shown within Shetland Islands Whalsay (From Old Norse meaning Whale Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of more than 1000 people. ... Yell shown within Shetland Islands Look up yell in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... West cliffs, looking southwest towards Malcolms Head. ... Housay has a population of approximately 45 people. ... Bruray is one of the three Out Skerries islands of Shetland, and is Scotlands most easterly settlement. ... The Outer Skerries, often called the Out Skerries or just The Skerries (although this may lead to confusion with the Ve Skerries), are a island group in Shetland, Scotland. ...

For a more complete list of islands, see List of Shetland islands. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2000x2624, 784 KB) // Summary Description: Shetland map Source: self-made, details of process below Date: 29th August 2005 Author: Finlay McWalter Permission: Im Finlay McWalter, and I endorse this message Method of production Drawn by Finlay McWalter in the following... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2000x2624, 784 KB) // Summary Description: Shetland map Source: self-made, details of process below Date: 29th August 2005 Author: Finlay McWalter Permission: Im Finlay McWalter, and I endorse this message Method of production Drawn by Finlay McWalter in the following... The Shetland archipelago Up Helly Aa festival This is a list of Shetland islands in Scotland. ...

Fair Isle lies approximately halfway between Shetland and Orkney, but it is administered as part of Shetland and is often counted as part of the island group. The Out Skerries lie east of the main group. Due to the islands' latitude, on clear winter nights the aurora borealis or 'northern lights' can sometimes be seen in the sky, while in summer there is almost perpetual daylight, a state of affairs known locally as the 'simmer dim'. West cliffs, looking southwest towards Malcolms Head. ... The Outer Skerries, often called the Out Skerries or just The Skerries (although this may lead to confusion with the Ve Skerries), are a island group in Shetland, Scotland. ... This article is about the geographical term. ... Aurora borealis Polar aurorae are optical phenomena characterized by colorful displays of light in the night sky. ...

Area is the measure of how much exposed area any two dimensional object has. ... This is a list of traditional counties of Scotland ordered by area. ... A county town is the capital of a county in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. ... Lerwick Lerwick is the only burgh and main port of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, found more than 100 miles (160 km) off the north coast of mainland Great Britain. ... Chapman codes are largely a superset of the ISO 3166-2:GB and BS 6879 codes identifying administrative divisions in the United Kingdom, Ireland and their surrounding islands, but covering historical divisions. ...

Climate

Shetland has a temperate Atlantic Ocean climate. Summers are relatively cool and dry. The sunniest months of the year are the period from April to August. In June there may be 19 hours of sunlight and there is no proper darkness. Winters are dark but fairly mild; the number of daylight hours drops to below eight a day.

Average yearly precipitation is 1037 mm, which is half that of Fort William on the west coast of Scotland. 3/4 of the precipitation falls during winter. The driest period is from April to August and fog is common in the east of the islands during summer. // Fort William (Scots Gaelic: An Gearasdan, The Garrison) is the largest town in the west highlands of Scotland. ... For other uses, see Fog (disambiguation). ...

^[14]

Flora

The landscape in Shetland is marked by the grazing of sheep and the rarity of trees. The flora is dominated by Arctic-alpine plants, wild flowers, moss and lichen. Species See text. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... For other uses, see Moss (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Lichen (disambiguation). ...

Fauna

Shetland is the site of one of the largest bird colonies in the North Atlantic home to more than one million birds. Most birds are found in colonies on Hermaness, Foula, Mousa, Noss, Sumburgh Head and Fair Isle. Some of the birds found on the islands are Atlantic Puffin, Storm-petrel, Northern Lapwing and Winter Wren. Many arctic birds spend the winter on Shetland and among those are Whooper Swan and Great Northern Diver. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Foula (Fugløy fowl island) is Great Britain’s most remote permanently inhabited island, being one of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, and owned since the turn of the 20th century by the Holbourn family. ... Mousa is a small island in Shetland, uninhabited since the nineteenth century. ... Noss is a small island in Shetland, Scotland, uninhabited since 1939. ... Sumburgh Head is located at the southern tip of the Shetland Mainland in northern Scotland. ... West cliffs, looking southwest towards Malcolms Head. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) The Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica) is a seabird in the auk family. ... Genera Subfamily Oceanitinadae Oceanites Pelagodroma Fregatta Neofregatta Subfamily Hydrobatinae Garrodia Hydrobates Oceanodroma Halocyptena The storm-petrels are seabirds in the family Hydrobatidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. ... Binomial name Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), also known as the Peewit or just Lapwing, is a bird in the plover family. ... Binomial name Troglodytes troglodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) The Winter Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) is a very small bird, a member of the mainly New World wren family Troglodytidae. ... The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the region around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. ... Binomial name Cygnus cygnus (Linnaeus, 1758) Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus) is a large Northern Hemisphere swan. ... Binomial name Gavia immer (Brunnich, 1764) The Great Northern Diver, known in North America as the Common Loon (Gavia immer), is a large member of the loon, or diver, family. ...

Notable places

• Clickimin broch
• Fort Charlotte
• Jarlshof archaeological site
• Mavis Grind
• Mousa Broch
• Muness Castle the most northerly castle in the United Kingdom
• Old Scatness archaeological site
• Scalloway Castle
• Selivoe
• St Ninian's Isle
• Sullom Voe oil terminal
• Sumburgh Head
• Skaw the most northerly settlement in the United Kingdom

Clickimin broch is a big, seaside broch near Lerwick, Shetland. ... Fort Charlotte in Shetland, Scotland was built by Robert Mylne under the orders of Charles II at the start of the Second Anglo-Dutch Wars in 1665, and it held off a Dutch fleet in 1667 who thought it was far more heavily manned and gunned than it actually was. ... Jarlshof is the best known prehistoric archaeological site in Shetland, Scotland. ... Mavis Grind is the name given to a narrow isthmus joining the Northmavine peninsular to the rest of Shetland Mainland in the Shetland Islands, UK. It is just 35 yards wide at its narrowest point. ... Mousa Broch is the finest example of a Broch in Shetland, and one of the finest examples of an Iron Age round tower or broch in the world. ... // How to find Muness Castle Muness Castle lies in the south east corner of Unst, Shetlands most northerly inhabited island, not far from the rocky headland of Mu Ness. ... Old Scatness is an archaeological site, consisting of mediaeval, Viking, Pictish, and Bronze Age remains. ... Scalloway Castle is a picturesque, dramatic castle at the seaside town of Scalloway in the Shetland Islands. ... Ayres of Selivoe is a place in the Shetland Islands (60. ... St Ninians isle is a small island in the Shetland Islands, believed to be holy and dedicated to Shetlands unofficial patron saint, the ambiguous and enigmatic Saint Ninian, who is widely venerated on the nearby Orkney Islands. ... Sullom Voe is an inlet between North Mainland and Northmavine on Shetland in Scotland, and an oil terminal sited on its shore. ... Sumburgh Head is located at the southern tip of the Shetland Mainland in northern Scotland. ... Skaw, in the Shetlands, is the northernmost settlement in the United Kingdom. ...

Subdivisions

Shetland is subdivided into 22 parishes or wards that have no more administrative significance but are used for statistical purposes [europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/ramon/nuts/excel_files/UK_LAU_2003.XLS]: This is a list of the 871 civil parishes in Scotland. ... A ward in the United Kingdom is an electoral district represented by one or more councillors. ...

1. Sound
2. Clickimin
3. North Central
4. Breiwick
5. South Central
6. Harbour and Bressay
7. North
8. Upper Sound, Gulberwick and Quarff
9. Unst and Island of Fetlar
10. Yell
11. Northmavine, Muckle Roe and Busta
12. Delting West
13. Delting East and Lunnasting
14. Nesting, Whiteness, Girlsta and Gott
15. Scalloway
16. Whalsay/Skerries
17. Sandsting, Aithsting and Weisdale
18. Walls, Sandness and Clousta
19. Burra/Trondra
20. Cunningsburgh and Sandwick
21. Sandwick, Levenwick and Bigton
22. Dunrossness

Economy

85% of the catch (67 000 tonn) in Shetland is herring and mackerel which is 52% of the catch value. Haddock, cod and angler achieve higher prices and make up the rest of the catch value, even though these species only make up 15% of the catch. Pictured: Mackerel.

Fishing has been an integral part of Shetland's economy since prehistory and it remains central to the islands' economy even today. It was also important in bringing in commerce from outside the isles, for example 17th century Hanseatic traders and Victorian-era herring activities. Image File history File linksMetadata Maquereaux_etal. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Maquereaux_etal. ... Species Clupea alba Clupea bentincki Clupea caspiopontica Clupea chrysotaenia Clupea elongata Clupea halec Clupea harengus Clupea inermis Clupea leachii Clupea lineolata Clupea minima Clupea mirabilis Clupea pallasii Clupea sardinacaroli Clupea sulcata Herrings are small oily fish of the genus Clupea found in the shallow, temperate waters of the North Atlantic... Binomial name Linnaeus, 1758 The Atlantic mackerel, Scomber scombrus, is a pelagic schooling species of mackerel found on both sides of the North Atlantic Ocean. ... For other uses, see Haddock (disambiguation). ... The Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, is a well-known food fish belonging to the family Gadidae. ... Binomial name Lophius piscatorius Linnaeus, 1758 The angler, also sometimes called fishing-frog, frog-fish, sea-devil (Lophius piscatorius), is a monkfish in the family Lophiidae. ...

The main areas of revenue in Shetland today are agriculture, aquaculture, fishing and petroleum industry (Crude oil and Natural gas production). Farming is mostly connected to raising of Shetland sheep^[15], known for their unusually fine wool, along with the Shetland Sheepdog as well as the Shetland pony. Crops raised include oats and barley; however, the cold, windswept islands make for a harsh environment for most plants. Crofting, the farming of small plots of land on a legally restricted tenancy basis, is still practiced and viewed as a key Shetland tradition as well as important source of income. Workers harvest catfish from the Delta Pride Catfish farms in Mississippi Aquaculture is the cultivation of aquatic organisms. ... Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish by hooking, trapping, or gathering. ... Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Lubbock, Texas Ignacy Łukasiewicz - inventor of the refining of kerosene from crude oil. ... Pumpjack pumping an oil well near Sarnia, Ontario Petroleum (from Greek petra – rock and elaion – oil or Latin oleum – oil ) or crude oil is a thick, dark brown or greenish liquid. ... This article is about the fossil fuel. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Shetland Sheepdog (or Sheltie) is a breed of dog, bred to be small sheep dogs ideally suited for the terrain of the Shetland Islands in Scotland. ... The Shetland pony is a breed of pony (a type of small horse) that is very strong for its size. ... In Scotland a croft is a small parcel of agricultural land that is occupied and farmed by a crofter who pays rent to the landlord who owns the land. ...

North Sea oil rig

More recently, oil reserves discovered in the 20th century out to sea have provided a much needed alternative source of income for the islands. The East Shetland Basin is one of Europe's largest oil fields. Oil produced there is landed at the Sullom Voe terminal in Shetland. Taxes from the oil have increased spending on social welfare, art, sport, environmental measures and financial development. Three quarters of the islands work force is employed in the service sector. Even though oil makes up 15% of the islands' economy, £116 million a year, the fish related industry generates twice as much income and employs three times as many workers.^[16], however the oil revenue allows increased expenditure by the Shetland Islands Council, which alone accounted for 27.9% of employment in 2003 ^[17]. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (986x580, 27 KB) fr: Puit de pétrole en mer du Nord en: North Sea Oil rig Source: http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (986x580, 27 KB) fr: Puit de pétrole en mer du Nord en: North Sea Oil rig Source: http://www. ... The East Shetland Basin is a major oil-producing area of the North Sea between Scotland and Norway. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Sullom Voe is an inlet between North Mainland and Northmavine on Shetland in Scotland, and an oil terminal sited on its shore. ...

The last 25 years unemployment has been under 5% and as of 2004 was on 2%, but the fluctuations in the market for farmed salmon and trawled white fish leads to seasonal changes in unemployment. Binomial name Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1758 Atlantic salmon, known scientifically as Salmo salar, is a species of fish in the family Salmonidae, which is found in the northern Atlantic Ocean and in rivers that flow into the Atlantic. ... Categories: Fisheries science | Fishing | Stub ...

In January 2007, the Shetland Islands Council signed a partnership agreement with Scottish and Southern Energy for a 200 turbine wind farm and subsea cable. The renewable energy project would produce about 600 megawatts and contribute about £20 million to the Shetland economy per year^[18], but this plan is meeting significant opposition within the islands, primarily resulting from expected visual impact of the development. The Shetland Islands Council provide services in the areas of Environmental Health , Roads, Social Work, Community Development, Organisational Development, Economic Development, Building Standards, Trading Standards, Housing, Waste, Education, Burial Grounds, Fire Service, Port and Harbours and others. ... Scottish & Southern Energy plc (SSE) is an energy company founded in 1998 following a merger of equals between Scottish Hydro-Electric plc and Southern Electric plc. ... A wind farm is a collection of wind turbines in the same location. ... Renewable energy effectively utilizes natural resources such as sunlight, wind, tides and geothermal heat, which are naturally replenished. ...

Media

Shetland is served by a weekly local newspaper, The Shetland Times (one of the first UK newspapers to publish on the internet), two monthly magazines, Shetland Life and i'i' Shetland and a news website, www.shetland-news.co.uk The Shetland Times is a weekly newspaper publication in Shetland published every Friday, and a part of a long-running successful publishing concern based in Lerwick, Shetland. ...

Radio service is provided by BBC Radio Shetland (the local opt-out of BBC Radio Scotland) and SIBC, a commercial radio station. BBC Radio Shetland is an opt-out service of BBC Radio Scotland, covering the Shetland Islands, Scotland It has two programs broadcast on BBC Radio Scotlands Shetland frequency (92. ... BBC Radio Scotland is BBC Scotlands national radio network, broadcasting since 1976 on 92-95 FM and 810 medium wave. ... SIBC (Shetland Islands Broadcasting Company) is the local independent radio station in Shetland, UK. It broadcasts music and local, national, and international news 24 hours per day on 96. ...

Transport

Transport between islands is primarily by ferry. Shetland is served by a domestic ferry connection from Lerwick to the mainland, operated by Northlink Ferries to Aberdeen. Lerwick also has an international ferry connection operated by Smyril Line to the following locations:^[19] Northlink Ferries operates daily ferries from Aberdeen and Scrabster on the Scottish mainland, to the northern island groups of Orkney and Shetland. ... For other uses, see Aberdeen (disambiguation). ... The old Norröna in Tórshavn Harbour, 1997 Smyril Line is a Faroese shipping company, linking the Faroe Islands with neighbouring countries. ...

• Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
• Seyðisfjörður, Iceland
• Bergen, Norway
• Hanstholm, Denmark

Air plane from Loganair on Fair Isle, midway between Orkney and Shetland

Sumburgh Airport, the main airport on Shetland, is located close to Sumburgh, 40 km (25 miles) south of Lerwick. Loganair operates flights under British Airways to other parts of the British Isles seven times a day. The destinations are Kirkwall, Aberdeen, Inverness, Glasgow and Edinburgh. In the summer months, there are also flights to London (Stansted) and the Faeroes operated by the Faeroese airliner Atlantic Airways. The peninsula Tinganes is seat of the Faroese Government in Tórshavn. ... Image:Seyðisfjörður pos. ... County Hordaland District Midhordland Municipality NO-1201 Administrative centre Bergen Mayor (2006) Herman Friele (H) Official language form Neutral Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 215 465 km² 445 km² 0. ... Hanstholm is the name used for a small elevated area in Hanstholm municipality of Viborg County, located in the northern part of Denmark. ... Image File history File links Loganair_Islander_at_Fair_Isle. ... Image File history File links Loganair_Islander_at_Fair_Isle. ... Sumburgh Airport is the main airport serving Shetland in Scotland. ... Sumburgh may refer to: Sumburgh Head Sumburgh Airport Category: ... Loganair is an airline based at Glasgow International Airport (GLA) in Scotland. ... For the 1930s airline of similar name, see British Airways Ltd. ... Kirkwall is the largest town and capital of the Orkney Islands, off the coast of northern mainland Scotland. ... For other uses, see Aberdeen (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city in Scotland. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Edinburgh (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Atlantic Airways is the national airline of the Faroe Islands, operating domestic and international air services from its base at Vágar Airport, on the Faroese island of Vágar. ...

Inter-Island flights from the Shetland Mainland to Fair Isle, Foula, Papa Stour, and Out Skerries are operated from Tingwall Airport 11 km west of Lerwick, by Directflight Ltd., using Islander aircraft owned by the Shetland Islands Council. Tingwall Airport (IATA: LWK, ICAO: EGET), also known as Lerwick/Tingwall Airport, is located in Gott, 4 nautical miles (7. ...

There are frequent charter flights from Aberdeen to Scatsta (near Sullom Voe), which are used to transport oilfield workers. For other uses, see Aberdeen (disambiguation). ... Scatsta Airport (IATA: SCS, ICAO: EGPM), is a commercial airport on Shetland in Scotland. ... Sullom Voe is an inlet between North Mainland and Northmavine on Shetland in Scotland, and an oil terminal sited on its shore. ...

Public services

Shetland Islands Council

The Shetland Islands Council provide services in the areas of Environmental Health , Roads, Social Work, Community Development, Organisational Development, Economic Development, Building Standards, Trading Standards, Housing, Waste, Education, Burial Grounds, Fire Service, Port and Harbours and others. The council is allowed to collect Council Tax. The Shetland Islands Council provide services in the areas of Environmental Health , Roads, Social Work, Community Development, Organisational Development, Economic Development, Building Standards, Trading Standards, Housing, Waste, Education, Burial Grounds, Fire Service, Port and Harbours and others. ... The Council Tax is the main form of local taxation in England, Scotland and Wales. ...

Political composition:

• Independent - 17
• Scottish Liberal Democrats - 5

The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal political party in the United Kingdom. ...

Schools

In Shetland there are a total of 34 schools: two High Schools, seven Junior High Schools with primary and nursery departments, and 25 Primary Schools.

• Anderson High School
• Brae High School

Shetland is also home to the North Atlantic Fisheries College To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ...

NHS

The Shetland NHS is the local Scottish health service in the Shetland Islands.

Flag

Flag of Shetland

Roy Grönneberg founded the local chapter of the SNP (Scottish National Party) in 1966 and was active in the struggle for Shetland autonomy. In 1969 he designed the flag of Shetland in cooperation with Bill Adams to mark the 500 year anniversary of the transfer of Shetland from Norway to Scotland.^[20]. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2351x2136, 1054 KB) Own photograph. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2351x2136, 1054 KB) Own photograph. ... Flag of Shetland The flag of Shetland was designed by Roy Grönneberg and Bill Adams in 1969. ... The Scottish National Party (SNP) (Scottish Gaelic: is a centre-left political party which campaigns for Scottish independence. ... Look up autonomy, autonomous in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The reasons behind the design was the desire to illustrate the Shetland had been a part of Norway for 500 years and a part of Scotland for 500 years. The colours are identical to the ones in Flag of Scotland, but shaped in the Nordic cross. The Saltire, the flag of Scotland, a white saltire with an official Pantone 300 coloured field. ... Nordic Cross Flag, Nordic Cross, Scandinavian Cross is a pattern of flags usually associated with the flags of the Scandinavian countries of which it originated. ...

In 1975 the two local authorities in Shetland, Lerwick Town Council and Zetland County Council, were combined in to the Shetland Islands Council. Grönneberg wanted his flag proposal to become the official flag of Shetland, but was unsuccessful. A plebiscite in 1985 also failed to give it official status. In 2005 the Lord Lyon King of Arms approved the flag as the official flag of Shetland. Arms of the Office of the Lord Lyon The Lord Lyon King of Arms, the head of Lyon Court, is the most junior of the Great Officers of State in Scotland and is the Scottish official with responsibility for regulating heraldry in that kingdom, issuing new grants of arms, and...

People

It is believed that the island group had an original population about which little is known who were replaced or assimilated by the Picts. Historical, archaeological, place-name and linguistic evidence indicates complete Norse cultural dominance of Shetland during the Viking period.^[21] It is not known whether the Picts were rapidly assimilated into the Norse population or driven away. A few place names might have Pictish origin, but this is disputed. Several genetic studies have been made comparing the genetic makeup of the islands' population today in order to establish its origin. Shetland, due to its relative isolation continues to have almost identical proportions of Scandinavian matrilineal and patrilineal ancestry (ca 44%). This suggests that the islands were settled by both men and women. The genetic make-up of those in Shetland today also suggesting that the indigenous population simply disappeared, giving credence to the theory that the Vikings eradicated the indigenous culture already settled within the isles. This genetic distribution is also found in Orkney and the northern and western coastline of Scotland, but areas of the British Isles further away from Scandinavia show signs of being colonised primarily by males who found local wives.^[22] After the islands were transferred to Scotland thousands of Scots families emigrated to Shetland in the 16th and 17th centuries. Contacts with Germany and the Netherlands through the fishing trade brought smaller numbers of immigrants from those countries. World War II and the oil industry have also contributed to population increase through immigration.^[23] A replica of the Hilton of Cadboll Stone. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Population development

The population development on Shetland has through the times been affected by deaths at sea and epidemics. Smallpox afflicted the islands hard in the 17th and 18th centuries, but as vaccines became common after 1760 the population increased to 40 000 in 1861. The population increase led to a lack of food and many young men went away to serve in the British merchant fleet. 100 years later the islands' population was more than halved. This decrease was mainly caused by the large number of Shetlandic men being torpedoed at sea during the two world wars and the waves of emigration in the 1920s and 1930s. Now more people of Shetlandic background live in Canada, Australia and New Zealand than in Shetland. Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a contagious disease unique to humans. ...

See also: List of Shetland islands Bound Skerry is the easternmost point of Scotland. ... Grunay is an uninhabited island in the Out Skerries group, the most easternly part of Shetland, Scotland. ... Bressay ( From Old Norse meaning Broad Sound Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around 400 people. ... Bruray is one of the three Out Skerries islands of Shetland, and is Scotlands most easterly settlement. ... Categories: UK geography stubs | Shetland Islands ... West cliffs, looking southwest towards Malcolms Head. ... Buildings at Houbie on Fetlar, including the primary school. ... Foula (Fugløy fowl island) is Great Britain’s most remote permanently inhabited island, being one of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, and owned since the turn of the 20th century by the Holbourn family. ... Housay has a population of approximately 45 people. ... Shetland Mainland shown within Shetland Islands Mainland is the main island of Shetland, Scotland. ... The Muckle Flugga lighthouse. ... Muckle Roe is an island in Shetland, Scotland. ... Noss is a small island in Shetland, Scotland, uninhabited since 1939. ... Papa Stour shown within Shetland Islands Papa Stour is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around thirty people, some of whom have immigrated since an appeal for residents in the 1970s. ... Trondra is an island in Shetland, Scotland. ... Unst shown within Shetland Islands The worlds most comfortable bus shelter? Unst is one of the North Isles of the Shetland Islands, Scotland. ... Vaila is an island in Shetland, Scotland, lying south of the Westland peninsula of the Shetland Mainland. ... Categories: UK geography stubs | Shetland Islands ... Whalsay shown within Shetland Islands Whalsay (From Old Norse meaning Whale Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of more than 1000 people. ... Yell shown within Shetland Islands Look up yell in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Shetland archipelago Up Helly Aa festival This is a list of Shetland islands in Scotland. ...

Notable Shetlanders

• Arthur Anderson (1792-1868), co-founder of P&O
• Tom Anderson MBE (1910-1991), a fiddler, composer, folklorist and teacher who was a profoundly influential figure in the development of Shetland music
• Willie Hunter (1934-1994), the best all-around example of Shetland fiddling
• Peerie Willie Johnson (1920-2007), a highly renowned pioneer of jazz swing influenced folk guitar who played with the likes of Tom Anderson and Willie Hunter.
• Ian Bairnson (b. 1953), session guitarist (The Alan Parsons Project)
• Aly Bain (b. 1946), fiddle player.
• Sir William Watson Cheyne of Leagarth.[1] (b. 14 December 1852, d. 19 April 1932) Pioneered the development of antiseptic.
• Morgan Goodlad (b. 1950), controversial Chief Executive of Shetland Islands Council (see, for example, Private Eye No 1144 p27, or this story from the Sunday Herald. Found guilty of maladministration by the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman on 23 May 2007.)
• Sir Herbert John Clifford Grierson (1866-1960), a literary scholar and critic
• Norman Lamont (b. 1942), Conservative MP, Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1990 to 1993.
• Steven Robertson, a theatre and film actor from Vidlin
• Robert Stout (1844 - 1930), Prime Minister of New Zealand on two occasions in the late 19th century
• Astrid Williamson, musician
• Sandra Voe (b. 1936), actress appearing in many small film and TV roles (including Coronation Street) and mother of Pulp keyboard player Candida Doyle.
• Neil Hughes from Seven Up!
• Robert Alan Jamieson (b. 1958), poet and novelist.
• Christine De Luca, poet
• "Vagaland", often considered the national poet.

Arthur Anderson (1792, Shetland -1868), was a Scottish businessman and Liberal politician. ... The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company or P&O is a shipping line which started in 1840 after the Peninsular Steam Navigation Company won the British Admiralty contract to carry the mail overseas in 1837. ... Tom Anderson (1910-1991) was a renowned Shetland fiddler and teacher. ... The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by King George V. The Order includes five classes in civil and military divisions; in decreasing order of seniority, these are Knight Grand Cross or Dame Grand Cross (GBE) Knight Commander... Willie Hunter (1933-1995) was a Scottish folk fiddler born in Shetland who played an important part in the rejuvenation of the Shetland fiddling traditions [1]. He began playing at age four, and was taught by Gideon Stove of Lerwick and Geoffrey di Mercado, who provided classical violin training. ... Peerie Willie Johnson (William Henry Johnson) (Born Yell, Shetland 10 December 1910; died Lerwick, Shetland 22 May 2007) was a Scottish folk guitarist and bassist. ... Infamous guitarist Ian Bairnson (born August 3, 1953 in Levenwick, Shetland Isles, Scotland) has been one of the most sought after sessionists in the music industry, working with a myriad of artists from a plethora of musical genres. ... This article is about the collective named The Alan Parsons Project. ... Aly Bain (born 1946 in Lerwick, Shetland) is a Scottish fiddler who learned his instrument from the old-time master Tom Anderson. ... Private eye may mean: Look up Private eye on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Private Eye a fortnightly British satirical magazine-newspaper, edited by Ian Hislop (as of 2005) A private investigator, a private detective for hire (see also crime fiction and detective fiction) Private Eye, a song by Alkaline Trio... Herald is a common name for newspapers throughout the English-speaking world, and the Sunday editions are often called Sunday Herald. ... Sir Herbert John Clifford Grierson (1866-1960) was a Scottish literary scholar and critic. ... Norman Stewart Hughson Lamont, Baron Lamont of Lerwick, PC (born 8 May 1942) was Conservative Member of Parliament for Kingston-upon-Thames, England from 1972 until 1997. ... Ths article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... Steven Robertson (born in the Shetland Islands, Scotland) is a British theatre and film actor. ... Vidlin, Shetland Vidlin is a small village located in the Shetland Islands. ... Robert Stout (1844 - 1930) was Premier of New Zealand on two occasions in the late 19th century. ... The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealands head of government and is the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand. ... Astrid Williamson is a Shetland born musician and songwriter. ... Coronation Street is an award-winning British soap opera. ... Pulp were a rock band, formed in Sheffield, England in 1978, by then 15-year-old school boy Jarvis Cocker (vocals, guitar). ... Candida Mary Doyle (born 25th August 1963 in Belfast) is a keyboard player and occasional backing vocalist with the band Pulp. ... For the soft drink, see 7 Up. ... A Scottish writer and poet, Robert Alan Jamieson was born in Lerwick in 1958. ... The poor poet A poet is a person who writes poetry. ... A novel is an extended work of written, narrative, prose fiction, usually in story form; the writer of a novel is a novelist. ... Christine de Luca (nee Pearson) is one of the foremost contemporary poets in Scotland, and she hails from Shetland. ... Vagaland, is arguably the greatest Shetland poet of the 20th century, was born Thomas Alexander Robertson on the 6th of March, 1909, at Westerwick at the southern tip of the parish of Sandsting, his mother’s home. ...

References

1. ^ James Graham-Campbell: Cultural Atlas of the Viking World, 1999. Page 38. ISBN 0816030049
2. ^ Julian Richards, Vikingblod, page 235, Hermon Forlag, ISBN 8283200165
3. ^ Acquisition of Orkney and Shetland 1468-9
4. ^ University Library, University in Bergen: Article on Shetland (Norwegian)
5. ^ Universitas, Norsken som døde (Norwegian article on the history of the islands) (Norwegian)
6. ^ Visit Shetland history page
7. ^ University in Bergen, Historical institute page on the Shetland Gang(Norwegian)
8. ^ Kulturnett Hordaland page on Shetlands-Larsen(Norwegian)
9. ^ http://www.newstatesman.com/200704020064
10. ^ Visit Shetland page on culture
11. ^ Visit Shetland page on Up Helly Aa
12. ^ Julian Richards, Vikingblod, page 236, Hermon Forlag, ISBN 8283200165
13. ^ Norwegian language council: Placenames with -a, hjalt, Leirvik, vin in placenames(Norwegian)
14. ^ Shetlands tourist agency climate page, accessed 19 April 2007
15. ^ Shetland sheep
16. ^ Visit Shetland's economy page
17. ^ Shetland Islands Council. Shetland In Statistics 2005
18. ^ BBC News 'Powering on with Island wind plan', 19 Jan 2007
19. ^ "Sailing schedule" Smyril Line. Retrieved 26 October 2007.
20. ^ Flags of the Worlds page on the flag of Shetland
21. ^ Jones G. (1984) A History of the Vikings Oxford University Press: Oxford.
22. ^ Article: Genetic evidence for a family-based Scandinavian settlement of Shetland and Orkney during the Viking periods
23. ^ Visit Shetland page on the people

is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

External links

Look up Shetland Islands in
Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Shetland

• Up-Helly-Aa: Insideoot, a book by Vertigo
• VisitShetland.com
• Shetland in Statistics (pdf file)
• Shetland Dialect
• Shetlink - Shetland's Online Community
• Undiscovered Scotland - Shetland Islands
• Shetland Islands Council
• Shetland Scenes
• Virtual Tour of Shetland
• Shetlopedia.com - The Shetland Encyclopedia that anyone can edit
• Tom Weir on the Shetland Language

Scotland | Shetland Islands
Inhabited islands: Mainland | Bressay | Burra | Fair Isle | Fetlar | Foula | Muckle Roe | North Isles | Out Skerries | Papa Stour | Trondra | Unst | Vaila | Whalsay | Yell
Other islands: Mousa | Noss | Scalloway Islands | List of Shetland islands
Towns and villages: Lerwick | Aith | Baltasound | Brae | Grutness | Gutcher | Haroldswick | Scalloway | Symbister | Toft | Ulsta | Uyeasound | Vidlin |Walls
Extreme points: Hermaness | Sumburgh Head
Archaeological sites: Jarlshof, Mousa Broch

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Image File history File links Flag_of_Shetland. ... Mainland is the main island of Shetland, Scotland. ... Bressay ( From Old Norse meaning Broad Sound Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around 400 people. ... Burra shown within Shetland Islands Burra is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland. ... West cliffs, looking southwest towards Malcolms Head. ... Buildings at Houbie on Fetlar, including the primary school. ... Foula (Fugløy fowl island) is Great Britain’s most remote permanently inhabited island, being one of the Shetland Islands, Scotland, and owned since the turn of the 20th century by the Holbourn family. ... Muckle Roe is an island in Shetland, Scotland. ... The North Isles are the northern islands of the Shetland Islands. ... The Outer Skerries, often called the Out Skerries or just The Skerries (although this may lead to confusion with the Ve Skerries), are a island group in Shetland, Scotland. ... Papa Stour shown within Shetland Islands Papa Stour is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of around thirty people, some of whom have immigrated since an appeal for residents in the 1970s. ... Trondra is an island in Shetland, Scotland. ... Unst shown within Shetland Islands The worlds most comfortable bus shelter? Unst is one of the North Isles of the Shetland Islands, Scotland. ... Vaila is an island in Shetland, Scotland, lying south of the Westland peninsula of the Shetland Mainland. ... Whalsay shown within Shetland Islands Whalsay (From Old Norse meaning Whale Island) is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of more than 1000 people. ... Yell shown within Shetland Islands Look up yell in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Mousa is a small island in Shetland, uninhabited since the nineteenth century. ... Noss is a small island in Shetland, Scotland, uninhabited since 1939. ... The south end of East Burra The Scalloway Islands are in Shetland opposite Scalloway on south west of the Mainland [1]. They form a mini-archipelago and include: Burra (two islands linked by bridge to each other and Trondra) West Burra Kettla Ness, which is connected to West Burra by... The Shetland archipelago Up Helly Aa festival This is a list of Shetland islands in Scotland. ... Lerwick Lerwick is the only burgh and main port of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, found more than 100 miles (160 km) off the north coast of mainland Great Britain. ... Aith is a settlement on Shetland Mainland. ... Baltasound is the largest settlement on the island of Unst in Shetland. ... Look up brae in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Gutcher is a settlement on the northeast coast of Yell in the Shetland islands. ... Haroldswick or Harolds Wick, meaning Harolds Bay, is on Unst, Shetland Islands, and is one of the most northerly settlements in the British Isles. ... Scalloway is the largest settlement on Shetlands Atlantic coast and until 1708 was the capital of Shetland. ... , Symbister is the largest village on the island of Whalsay, Shetland. ... Toft is a ferry port approximately one mile north of Mossbank on Mainland, Shetland, Scotland. ... Ulsta is a village at the south-west corner of Yell, Shetland, Scotland. ... Uyeasound is a village on the island Unst, the northernmost island of the Shetland Islands. ... Vidlin, Shetland Vidlin is a small village located in the Shetland Islands. ... Walls is a settlement on the south side of West Mainland, Shetland Islands, at the head of Vaila Sound and sheltered even from southerly storms by the islands of Linga and Vaila. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Sumburgh Head is located at the southern tip of the Shetland Mainland in northern Scotland. ... Jarlshof is the best known prehistoric archaeological site in Shetland, Scotland. ... Mousa Broch is the finest example of a Broch in Shetland, and one of the finest examples of an Iron Age round tower or broch in the world. ... For local government purposes, Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as Council Areas of Scotland which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as Councils which have the option under the Local Government (Gaelic Names) (Scotland) Act 1997 (as chosen by Na h-Eileanan an Iar) of being known... This article is about the country. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Scotland. ... For other uses, see Aberdeen (disambiguation). ... Logo of Aberdeenshire Council Aberdeenshire (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain in Gaelic) is one of the 32 unitary council areas in Scotland. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 10th  - Total 2,182 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Forfar ISO 3166-2 GB-ANS ONS code 00QC Demographics Population Ranked 19th  - Total (2005) 109,170  - Density 50 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Angus Council http://www. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 2nd  - Total 6,909 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Lochgilphead ISO 3166-2 GB-AGB ONS code 00QD Demographics Population Ranked 23rd  - Total (2005) 90,870  - Density 13 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Argyll & Bute Council http://www. ... Look Aboot Ye Clackmannanshire (Siorrachd Chlach Mhannainn in Gaelic) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area, bordering Perth and Kinross, Stirling and Fife. ... Dumfries and Galloway (Dùn Phris agus an Gall-Ghaidhealaibh in Gaelic) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ... For other uses, see Dundee (disambiguation). ... Logo of East Ayrshire Council East Ayrshire (Siorrachd Inbhir Àir an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland. ... East Dunbartonshire (Siorrachd Dhùn Bhreatainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. ... East Lothian (Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. ... East Renfrewshire (Siorrachd Rinn Friù an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland. ... For other uses, see Edinburgh (disambiguation). ... Falkirk (an Eaglais Bhreac in Gaelic) is one of the 32 unitary authority council areas in Scotland. ... This article is about the area in Scotland. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... The Highland council area (Roinn na Gàidhealtachd[1] in Gaelic) is a local government area in the Scottish Highlands and the largest local government area in Scotland. ... Inverclyde (Inbhir Chluaidh in Gaelic) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. ... The central portions of the old province of Lothian in Scotland, centred around Edinburgh, became known as Midlothian, Scotland. ... Moray (pronounced Murray, spelled A Moireibh in Gaelic) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. ... Na h-Eileanan Siar (Western Isles) redirects here. ... North Ayrshire (Sìorrachd Inbhir Air a Tuath in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 19th  - Total 470 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Motherwell ISO 3166-2 GB-NLK ONS code 00QZ Demographics Population Ranked 4th  - Total (2005) 323,420  - Density 688 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics North Lanarkshire Council http://www. ... The Orkney Islands, usually called simply Orkney, are one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. ... Perth and Kinross (Peairt agus Ceann Rois in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. ... Renfrewshire (Siorrachd Rinn Friù in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary authority regions in Scotland. ... Scottish Borders (often referred to locally as The Borders or The Borderland) is one of 35 local government unitary council areas of Scotland. ... The Shetland Islands, also called Shetland (archaically spelled Zetland) formerly called Hjaltland, comprise one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 15th  - Total 1,222 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Ayr ISO 3166-2 GB-SAY ONS code 00RE Demographics Population Ranked 17th  - Total (2005) 111,780  - Density 91 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics South Ayrshire Council http://www. ... South Lanarkshire (Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland, covering the southern part of the traditional county of Lanarkshire. ... Stirling (Sruighlea in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland with a population of about 85,000. ... West Dunbartonshire (Siorrachd Dhùn Bhreatainn an Iar in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary authority areas in Scotland. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 20th  - Total 427 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Livingston ISO 3166-2 GB-WLN ONS code 00RH Demographics Population Ranked 10th  - Total (2005) 163,780  - Density 384 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics West Lothian Council http://www. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... This article is about the country. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Scotland. ... The Local Government (Scotland) Act 1888 (52 & 53 Vict. ... The historic county of Aberdeenshire (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain in Gaelic) was until 1975 a county of Scotland. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 10th  - Total 2,182 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Forfar ISO 3166-2 GB-ANS ONS code 00QC Demographics Population Ranked 19th  - Total (2005) 109,170  - Density 50 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics Angus Council http://www. ... Argyll, archaically Argyle (Airthir-Ghaidheal in Gaelic, translated as [the] East Gael, or [the] East Irish), sometimes called Argyllshire, is a traditional county of Scotland. ... Ayrshire (Siorrachd Inbhir Àir in Scottish Gaelic) is a region of south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. ... Banffshire (Siorrachd Bhanbh in Gaelic) is a small traditional county in the north of Scotland. ... Berwickshire (Siorrachd Bhearaig in Gaelic) is a committee area of the Scottish Borders Council and a Lieutenancy area of Scotland, on the border with England. ... The County of Bute (Siorrachd Bhòid in Gaelic), commonly also known as Buteshire, is one of the registration counties of Scotland. ... Caithness (Gallaibh in Gaelic)[1] is a committee area of Highland Council, Scotland; a lieutenancy area; and a registration county, Caithness was formerly a district within the Highland region from 1975 to 1996 and a local government county with its own county council from 1890 to 1975. ... Look Aboot Ye Clackmannanshire (Siorrachd Chlach Mhannainn in Gaelic) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area, bordering Perth and Kinross, Stirling and Fife. ... Dumfriesshire or the County of Dumfries (Siorrachd Dhùn Phris in Gaelic) is a registration county of Scotland. ... Dunbartonshire is one of the Traditional counties of Scotland, in that part of the country formerly called Lennox (which was a title of nobility). ... East Lothian (Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. ... This article is about the area in Scotland. ... Inverness-shire (Siorrachd Inbhir Nis in Gaelic) is one of the traditional counties of Scotland. ... Kincardineshire, also known as The Mearns (from A Mhaoirne meaning The Stewartry) is a traditional county on the coast of Northeast Scotland. ... Kinross-shire was a county of Scotland. ... Kirkcudbrightshire (pronounced Kir-COO-bri-shir, also known as the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright or as East Galloway, and Siorrachd Chille Chuithbheirt in Gaelic) is a traditional county of south-western Scotland, bounded on the north and north-west by Ayrshire, on the west and southwest by Wigtownshire, on the south... Lanarkshire (Siorrachd Lannraig in Gaelic) is a traditional county of Scotland. ... The central portions of the old province of Lothian in Scotland, centred around Edinburgh, became known as Midlothian, Scotland. ... Moray, or the anglified Morayshire or Elginshire (Mhoireibh in Gaelic) was a county of Scotland, bordering the former Nairnshire to the west, Inverness-shire to the south, and Banffshire to the east. ... Nairnshire (Siorrachd Inbhir Narann in Gaelic) is a small traditional county of Scotland, centred around Nairn, the traditional county town. ... The Orkney Islands, usually called simply Orkney, are one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. ... Peeblesshire (Siorrachd nam Pùballan in Gaelic) is a traditional county in Scotland. ... Perthshire (Siorrachd Pheairt in Gaelic) was a county in central Scotland, which extended from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the north, Rannoch Moor and Ben Lui in the west, and Aberfoyle in the south. ... Renfrewshire was a county of Scotland until their abolition in 1975. ... Ross and Cromarty: administrative county (1889-1975) Image:RossCromDistrict. ... Roxburghshire (Siorrachd Rosbroig in Gaelic) is a traditional county of Scotland. ... Selkirkshire or the County of Selkirk is a registration county of Scotland. ... The Shetland Islands, also called Shetland (archaically spelled Zetland) formerly called Hjaltland, comprise one of 32 council areas of Scotland. ... Stirlingshire (Siorrachd Sruighlea in Gaelic) is a traditional county of Scotland, based around Stirling, the traditional county town. ... Sutherland (Cataibh in Gaelic) is a committee area of the Highland Council, Scotland, a registration county, and a lieutenancy area. ... Location Geography Area Ranked 20th  - Total 427 km²  - % Water  ? Admin HQ Livingston ISO 3166-2 GB-WLN ONS code 00RH Demographics Population Ranked 10th  - Total (2005) 163,780  - Density 384 / km² Scottish Gaelic  - Total () {{{Scottish council Gaelic Speakers}}} Politics West Lothian Council http://www. ... Wigtownshire is a small traditional county in the south west of Scotland. ...