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Encyclopedia > Shiatsu

Shiatsu (指圧 Japanese from shi, meaning finger, and atsu, meaning pressure) is a traditional Japanese hands-on therapy based on anatomical and physiological theory and is regulated as a licensed medical therapy with the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan. Shiatsu is an evolving form. Various styles (called Derivative Shiatsu) incorporate (to differing degrees) aspects of Japanese massage traditions, Chinese Medicine practice, and "Western" anatomy and physiology. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Shortcut: WP:NPOVD Articles that have been linked to this page are the subject of an NPOV dispute (NPOV stands for Neutral Point Of View; see below). ... Traditional Chinese medicine shop in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. ...

Contents

History of Shiatsu

Shiatsu, as well as Teate (手当て), originated in Japan. There were many hands-on therapies called Teate before traditional Chinese therapies such as Acupuncture and Tuina (called Anma in Japan) were introduced to Japan. The term Shiatsu might be first cited in a 1915 book, Tenpaku Tamai's Shiatsu Ryōhō. Acupuncture chart from Hua Shou (fl. ... Tui na (推拿, tūi ná), pronounced tway-nah and literally meaning push and grab, is a form of Chinese manipulative therapy that is often used in conjunction with acupuncture, moxibustion, Chinese herbalism and qigong. ... Anma (按摩) was the Japanese term for a masseuse, or massage specialist in the martial arts. ...


Tokujiro Namikoshi founded the Japan Shiatsu College in 1940 and systematized a form of Shiatsu therapy based on Western anatomy and physiology. In Japan, Namikoshi's system enjoys special legal status, and its adherents often credit him with the development of Shiatsu; the story is told that at age seven, Tokujiro Namikoshi developed a technique of pressing with his thumbs and palms as he tried to nurse his mother who suffered from rheumatoid arthritis. This article needs to be wikified. ... Human heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is traditionally considered a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints. ...


Namikoshi treated many high profile persons such as former Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida and other successive prime ministers, the prosecutor for the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Prosecutor Keenan, as well as celebrities like Marilyn Monroe and Muhammad Ali. In this way, Shiatsu became known not only in Japan but also overseas. This is a Japanese name; the family name is Yoshida Shigeru Yoshida ), September 22, 1878–October 20, 1967, was a Japanese diplomat and politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1946 to 1947 and from 1948 to 1954. ... The Nuremberg Trials is the general name for two sets of trials of Nazis involved in World War II and the Holocaust. ... Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson on June 1, 1926 – August 5, 1962), was a Golden Globe Award-winning American actress, singer, model and pop icon. ... For other persons named Muhammad Ali, see Muhammad Ali (disambiguation). ...


Other styles of Shiatsu exist; adherents of the Namikoshi system generally contend that these are derived from the work of Namikoshi and refer to them as Derivative Shiatsu.

  • Tadashi Izawa established Meridian Shiatsu, incorporating Meridian Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine into his Shiatsu therapy.
  • Shizuto Masunaga’s book, called Zen Shiatsu in English, popularized Zen (or Masunaga) Shiatsu in North America and Europe.
  • Ryukyu Endo, a Buddhist priest, introduced Tao Shiatsu, which involves concentrating the mind and making supplications to the Buddha.
  • Kiyoshi Ikenaga, in his book Tsubo Shiatsu, elucidates from an anatomical and physiological point of view, how meridian points (or tsubo) are useful in Shiatsu therapy.

Since 1980 the evolution and development of Shiatsu has largely taken place in Europe and North America: == Tadashi Izawa == A Shiatsu Practitioner Tadashi Izawa was born on July 25, 1895. ... Meridian Shiatsu is a derivative form of the Japanese therapy Shiatsu. ... Traditional Chinese medicine shop in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. ... == Shizuto Masunaga == A Shiatsu Practitioner Shizuto Masunaga was born in 1925 in Hiroshima Japan and graduated in Psychology from Kyoto University. ... Zen Shiatsu One of Derivative Shiatsu. ... Kiyoshi Ikenaga Shiatsu Master, Shiatsupractor (SPR), Chairperson and CEO of the Canadian College of Shiatsu Therapy, Founder/Director of the Canadian Shiatsu Society of BC, Director of the Canada Branch of the Japan Shiatsu Association, Registered Instructor of the International Shiatsu Association. ... Tsubo Shiatsu One of Derivative Shiatsu. ...

  • Wataru Ohashi has developed a style called Ohashiatsu.
  • Pauline Sasaki and Cliff Andrews have developed a form, derived from Zen Shiatsu, called Quantum Shiatsu, which aims to work with different levels of a person's energy: physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual.
  • Bill Palmer and David Ventura have developed Movement Shiatsu, which specialises in working with chronic conditions through specific experiments and exercises.

Movement Shiatsu was developed by Bill Palmer during the 1980s as a specialist approach for dealing with difficult chronic conditions and developmental problems through Shiatsu. ...

Time Line

  • 1912: Tokujiro Namikoshi found his own therapy by treating his mother with only his thumbs and palms. He first named this therapy Appaku then later changed it to Shiatsu.
  • 1919: Tenpeki Tamai published his book The Shiatsu Method (指圧法 Shiatsu-hō?). This is believed to be the first use of the term Shiatsu.
  • 1925: Namikoshi opened his first clinic for Shiatsu therapy.
  • 1940: Namikoshi opened the first school of Shiatsu therapy in Tokyo. (Now this school is known as Japan Shiatsu College.)
  • 1940: Namikoshi established first association for Shiatsu therapy. (Now this association is known as Japan Shiatsu Association.)
  • 1945: After World War II, traditional Japanese forms of medicine were outlawed by the MacArthur occupation government, after returning POWs told stories about being stuck with needles and burned with moxa when they fell ill. The ban caused much protest. Because there were still many blind Shiatsu/Anma practitioners, Helen Keller interceded with the American government. The ban was rescinded.
  • 1950: Toshiko Phipps becomes the first qualified Shiatsu therapist to teach in the U.S.
  • 1953: Namikoshi and his son Tōru invited to the Palmer Chiropractic College to introduce Shiatsu to the U.S.
  • 1955: Shiatsu therapy first recognized by Japanese government but only in conjunction with Anma and massage.
  • 1956: In a famous incident that greatly increased the reputation of Shiatsu and of Namikoshi Tokujiro, Namikoshi treated Marilyn Monroe after she fell gravely ill while visiting Japan and failed to respond to conventional treatment.
  • 1957: Shiatsu officially recognized by Japan as a separate and distinct therapy.
  • 1964: Shiatsu officially defined by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan.
  • 1980: Shiazuto Masunaga's students teaching in the U.S. and Britain, most notably Pauline Sasaki and Wataru Ohashi.
  • 1981: Shiatsu Society in UK formed
  • 1989: AOBTA formed in United States
  • 1999: Canadian Shiatsu Society is established and 2200hour educational standard is set.
  • 2000: Shiatsu occupational title Shiatsupractor is registered.

1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880 – June 1, 1968) was a deafblind American author, activist and lecturer. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Palmer refers to: Palmer, A pilgrim who carried a palm leaf to signify the making of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land // Alexander Mitchell Palmer, (1872–1936), American politician, Attorney General of the US 1919–1921 Amanda Palmer (contemporary), American singer and pianist Arnold Palmer (1929–), American champion golfer Austin... Chiropractic (from Greek chiros and praktikos meaning done by hand) is a health care profession whose purpose is to diagnose and treat mechanical disorders of the spine and musculoskeletal system with the intention of affecting the nervous system and improving health. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Anma (按摩) was the Japanese term for a masseuse, or massage specialist in the martial arts. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ... The Ministry of Health and Welfare is a branch of the government of South Korea. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ...

Definition of Shiatsu

"Shiatsu technique refers to the use of fingers and palm of one's hand to apply pressure to particular sections on the surface of the body for the purpose of correcting the imbalances of the body, and for maintaining and promoting health. It is also a method contributing to the healing of specific illnesses."

—Japanese medical department of the Ministry of Welfare (current Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) in December 1957.


Essence of Shiatsu

The characteristic of Shiatsu is to practice using only the fingers, palms and especially the thumbs, but the essence of Shiatsu is “Diagnosis and Therapy combined.”


“Diagnosis and Therapy combined” is the ability of the practitioner to use his sensory organs (palms, fingers, and thumbs) to detect irregularities, such as stiffness of the surface of the body, and to promptly correct or heal these problems. To acquire this skill takes considerable experience. The defining difference between Shiatsu therapy and modern and Kampo medicine (also known as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), such as acupuncture and moxibustion) is this “Diagnosis and Therapy combined”; the fact that Shiatsu does not always require previous diagnosis before commencing treatment. Kampō (or Kanpō, 漢方) medicine is the Japanese study and adaptation of Traditional Chinese medicine. ... Traditional Chinese medicine shop in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. ... Acupuncture chart from Hua Shou (fl. ... Moxibustion Moxibustion (Chinese: ; pinyin: jiÅ­) is an oriental medicine therapy utilizing moxa, or mugwort herb. ...


In modern medicine, the course of treatment can only be decided after a diagnosis has been made. In TCM, it is also necessary to diagnose before treating. In Shiatsu therapy, practitioners promote the prevention and recovery of illnesses by stimulating the immune system and natural healing power that people already possess. Therefore, even without a diagnosis or with a language barrier, practitioners can, to quote Tokujiro Namikoshi , treat patients with “thumbs and thin futon” at any time. Treating the body as a whole, so they say, helps to restore the physical functions of the nervous system, circulatory system, bone structure, muscles, and internal secretion and stimulates its alleged natural ability to heal illness. That being said, skilled practitioners can contribute considerably to regional health and medical treatment. NLM (National Library of Medicine, contains resources for patients and healthcare professionals) Virtual Hospital (digital health sciences library by the University of Iowa) Online Medical Dictionary Collection of links to free medical resources Wikicities has a wiki about medicine: Medicine Categories: Medicine | Health ... TCM may mean: Traditional Chinese Medicine Turner Classic Movies, a cable TV channel owned by Time Warner which primarily features classic MGM, RKO and Warner Brothers films trajectory correction maneuver — see Mars Climate Orbiter tightly-coupled memory, computer memory that is shared between multiple processors in a multi-processor system... A scanning electron microscope image of a single neutrophil (yellow), engulfing anthrax bacteria (orange). ... This article needs to be wikified. ... A futon in Japan A futon in the U.S. A futon )   is a type of mattress that makes up a Japanese bed. ... The nervous system of an animal coordinates the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and also stops input from the senses, and initiates actions. ... For transport in plants, see Vascular tissue. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...


Complications of Shiatsu

Recently, in an international medical peer reviewed journal, some of Derivative Shiatsu massage has been reported to be a risk factor in cerebral venous thrombosis when applied to the neck.[citation needed]


Shiatsu standardization

In Japan, anyone who practices Shiatsu therapy must be licensed with the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Shiatsupractors are required to study at least three years/2,200 hour educational program of Shiatsu therapy in the universities or colleges which authorized by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and pass the national exam to be licensed.


"Shiatsupractor" is the name given to a recently proposed international standardized Shiatsu license. The name Shiatsupractor was first used in British Columbia, Canada in the 1990s. Presently, at the end of 2003, in the regions of North America (United States, and Canada), Europe (member nations of the EU), and Japan, the use of Shiatsupractor is officially protected as a registered trademark. In Japan, the educational standard for Shiatsupractor approval corresponds to that of the licenses for Anma, Massage, and Shiatsu practitioners. Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour Without Sunset (diminishment)) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo - Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 36 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area  Ranked 5th - Total 944,735... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The Bass Red Triangle, was the first trademark registered in Britain in 1876. ... Anma (按摩) was the Japanese term for a masseuse, or massage specialist in the martial arts. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...


Shiatsu originated in Japan and has migrated to many corners of the Earth. As such, every nation and state has devised its own method of certification and licensure, often overlapping with the licenses for massage. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...


In the U.S., one professional organization for Asian Bodywork Therapy (including Shiatsu) is the AOBTA (American Organization for Bodywork Therapies of Asia). This organization is seeking statewide standardization of Asian Bodywork licensure requirements. To date, the AOBTA has been named specifically in the licensure laws of Illinois and Washington, DC. The AOBTA is also working with the NCCAOM (National Certification Council for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine) to introduce mandatory, standardized national board certification to the profession.


The AOBTA and NCCAOM require applicants to present a portfolio of training including anatomy and physiology, Chinese medicine, student clinic, primary discipline training, and elective coursework.



Stacii Loves Corey xXx

Acupressure (a portmanteau of acupuncture and pressure) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) technique based on the same ideas as acupuncture. ... Acupuncture chart from Hua Shou (fl. ... Acupoint Therapy is an extension of Willy Penzels APM system (Akupunkt Massage), and it involves the stimulation of acupuncture points or meridians with a therapy stick. ... Anma (按摩) was the Japanese term for a masseuse, or massage specialist in the martial arts. ... Nihon Kaifuku Anma is the Japanese restoration massage. ... Tui na (推拏 or 推拿, both pronounced tūi ná), is a form of Chinese manipulative therapy often used in conjunction with acupuncture, moxibustion, Chinese herbalism and qigong. ... Movement Shiatsu was developed by Bill Palmer during the 1980s as a specialist approach for dealing with difficult chronic conditions and developmental problems through Shiatsu. ...

Bibliography

1. Internal jugular vein thrombosis associated with shiatsu massage of the neck. Wada Y - J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry - 01-JAN-2005; 76(1): 142-3


External links

External downloads

  • Download maps of the Shu points, Mu points, Circadian clock, every Meridian (PDF files, downloadable under Creative Commons Licence : Paternity-Non Commercial use only-No derivative works)

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