NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Shumen

Shumen (Bulgarian: Шумeн; Turkish: Şumnu) is a city in the northeastern part of Bulgaria, capital of Shumen Province. From 1950-1965 it was called Kolarovgrad. Other English variants include Shoumen, Šumen, Shumla, and Shumnu. The city has a population of 103,016 by permanent address (2006). Image File history File links Gerb_shoumen. ... Image File history File links Shumen_location_in_Bulgaria. ... Since 1999 Bulgaria is divided into 28 oblasts (provinces or regions) that correspond aproximatly to the 28 okrugs that existet before 1987. ... Shumen region shown within Bulgaria Shumen is a province in northeastern Bulgaria. ... metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) A metre or meter[1] (symbol: m) is a unit of length and the current base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). ... Blagoevgrad - 2700 Bansko - 2770 Bania - 2778 Kremen - 2771 Eleshnitza - 2782 Dobrinishte - 2777 Belitsa - 2780 Gotse Delchev - 2900 Gurmen - 2960 Kresna - 2840 Petrich - 2850 Razlog - 2760 Sandanski - 2800 Satovcha - 2950 Simitli - 2730 Strumiani - 2825 Hadzidimovo - 2933 Yakoruda - 2790 Riltzi Burgas - 8000 Dyuny - 8001 Elenite - 8002 Slunchev Briag/Sunny Beach - 8240 Aitos... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... A Bulgarian license plate from the city of Sofia A Dobrich Province license plate The standard Bulgarian license plates consist of a blue vertical strip (the European strip) on the left side of the plate containing the flag of Bulgaria and the country code of Bulgaria (BG), always followed on... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... Time zones of Europe: Eastern European Time (EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a high-precision atomic time standard which approximately tracks Universal Time (UT). ... Eastern European Time Central Africa Time Israel Standard Time South Africa Standard Time Central European Summer Time West Africa Summer Time Category: ... Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time Eastern African Time Category: ... United Democratic Forces is a Bulgarian parliamentary coalition formed in 1997. ... Shumen region shown within Bulgaria Shumen is a province in northeastern Bulgaria. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Geography

The city lies 80 km west of Varna and is built within a cluster of hills, northern outliers of the eastern Balkans, which curve round it on the west and north in the shape of a horse-shoe. A rugged ravine intersects the ground longitudinally within the horse-shoe ridge. From Shumen roads radiate northwards to the Danubian cities of Rousse and Silistra and to Dobruja, southwards to the passes of the Balkans, and eastwards to Varna and Balchik. Shumen has, therefore, been one of the most important military positions in the Balkan Peninsula. Varna (Bulgarian: Ð’Ð°Ñ€Ð½Ð°) is the third largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, with a population of 351,552 (as at January 10, 2006). ... The Danube bend at VisegrÃ¡d is a popular destination of tourists The Danube (ancient Danuvius) is Europes second-longest river (after the Volga). ... Rousse (also transliterated as Ruse or Russe; Bulgarian: Ð ÑƒÑÐµ; Romanian: Rusciuc) is the fifth largest city in Bulgaria, with a population of 178,000. ... Silistra (Bulgarian: Ð¡Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°, historically Ð”Ñ€ÑŠÑÑ‚ÑŠÑ€ (DrÃ¢stÃ¢r); Romanian: Silistra or DÃ¢rstor; Latin: Silistria; Turkish: Silistre) is a port city of northeastern Bulgaria, lying on the southern side of the lower Danube at the countrys border with Romania. ... Dobruja, or sometimes Dobrudja (Dobrogea in Romanian, Ð”Ð¾Ð±Ñ€ÑƒÐ´Ð¶Ð°â€”transliterated Dobrudzhaâ€”in Bulgarian, Dobruca in Turkish), is the territory between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, including the Danube Delta, Romanian coast and the northernmost part of the Bulgarian coast. ... Stara Planina, Rhodope, Rila and Pirin Mountains The Balkan mountain range (Bulgarian: Stara Planina, Old Mountain) is an extension of the Carpathian mountain range, separated from it by the Danube River. ... Balchik (Bulgarian Ð‘Ð°Ð»Ñ‡Ð¸Ðº, Romanian Balcic) is a Black Sea coastal town in the Southern Dobruja area of northeastern Bulgaria. ...

History

In 811 Shumen was burned by the emperor Nicephorus, and in 1087 it was besieged by Alexius I. During the golden age of Bulgarian culture under Simeon the Great (866-927), Shumen was a centre of cultural and religious activity, and may have born the name Simeonis. Until the 15th centruy, the city was located around the Shumen Fortress, a sophisticated complex of defensive installations, religious and civil buildings. Events July 26 - Battle of Pliska: Nicephorus I is defeated by the Bulgar khan Krum, and is succeeded by Stauracius as Byzantine emperor. ... Nicephorus I, Byzantine emperor 802-811 AD. Nicephorus II Phocas, Byzantine emperor 963-969 AD. Nicephorus III Botaniates, Byzantine emperor 1078-1081 AD. Saint Nicephorus Byzantine writer and patriarch, 758-829 AD, author of a famous Stichometry. ... Events May 9 - The remains of Saint Nicholas were brought to Bari. ... Byzantine emperor Alexius I Comnenus Alexius I (1048–August 15, 1118), Byzantine emperor (1081–1118), was the third son of John Comnenus, nephew of Isaac I Comnenus (emperor 1057–1059). ... Tsar Simeon the Great (ruled 893-May 27, 927) was 27 when he took the throne of Bulgaria from his brother Vladimir, the son of Prince Boris, who was deposed and blinded by his own father after his attempt to return Bulgaria to paganism. ...

In 1388 the sultan Murad I forced it to surrender to the Ottoman Turks. After Władysław Warneńczyk's unsuccessful crusade in 144, the city was destroyed by the Ottomans and moved to its present location. In the 18th century it was enlarged and fortified. Three times, in 1774, 1810 and 1828, it was unsuccessfully attacked by Russian armies. The Turks consequently gave it the name of Gazi ("Victorious"). In 1854 it was the headquarters of Omar Pasha and the point at which the Turkish army concentrated (See Crimean War). Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 413 KB) Shumen, Bulgaria. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 413 KB) Shumen, Bulgaria. ... Events Beginning of prosecution of Lollards in England The Battle of Otterburn between England and Scotland A Chinese army under Xu Da sacks Karakorum Births September 14 - Claudius ClaussÃ¶n Swart, Danish geographer September 29 - Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (d. ... Sultan Murad I (à¸¡à¸¹à¹‰à¸«à¸¥à¸±à¸”à¸—à¸µà¹ˆà¸«à¸™à¸¶à¹ˆà¸‡) Murad I (nick-named HÃ¼davendigÃ¢r, the God-liked one) (1319 (or 1326) â€“ 1389) was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire from 1359 to 1389. ... The Ottoman Turks were the ethnic subdivision of the Turkish people who dominated the ruling class of the Ottoman Empire. ... WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw III of Varna. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Chesma Column in Tsarskoe Selo, commemorating the end of the Russo-Turkish War. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1828 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Omar Pasha by Roger Fenton Omar Pasha Omar Pasha (1806 - 1871) was a general in the Turkish army. ... Combatants United Kingdom France Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Sardinia Russian Empire Strength 250,000 British 400,000 French 10,000 Sardinian 2,200,000 Russian Casualties 17,500 British 90,000 French 35,000 Turkish 2,050 Sardinian killed, wounded and died of disease 110,000 killed, wounded and died...

During the 19th century Shumen was an inmportant centre of the Bulgarian National Revival, with the first celebration of Cyril and Methodius in the Bulgarian lands taking place on 11 May 1813 and the first theatre performance. A girls' religious school was established in 1828, a class school for girls and a chitalishte (community centre) followed in 1856. The first Bulgarian symphony orchestra was founded in the city in 1850. In the same year, influential Hungarian politician and revolutionary leader Lajos Kossuth spent a part of his exile in the then-Ottoman town of Shumen. The house he lived in is still preserved as a museum. The Bulgarian national revival (Vazrazdane) was a period of socio-economic development and national integration among Bulgarian people in the Ottoman Empire. ... Cyril and Methodius were two Eastern Orthodox missionaries; for the separate articles, see: Saint Cyril Saint Methodius This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (132nd in leap years). ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The chitalishte in Koprivshtitsa was built in 1869 A chitalishte (Bulgarian: Ñ‡Ð¸Ñ‚Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñ‰Ðµ ) is a typical Bulgarian public building which fulfills several functions at once, such as a library and a theatre. ... Lajos (Louis) Kossuth (Ä½udovÃt KoÅ¡Ãºt in Slovakian) (Monok, September 19, 1802 â€“ Turin, March 20, 1894) was a Hungarian lawyer, politician, and for a time was regent. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Ø¯ÙˆÙ„Øª Ø§Ø¨Ø¯ Ù…Ø¯Øª Devlet-i Ebed-mÃ¼ddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital SÃ¶ÄŸÃ¼t (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Constantinople (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanl...

On the 22nd June 1878 Shumen finally capitulated to the Russians and became part of the newly-independent Principality of Bulgaria. In 1882 the Shumen Brewery, one of the first breweries in Bulgaria, was founded. 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Treaty of San Stefano of March 3, 1878 provided for an independent Bulgarian state, which spanned over the geographical regions of Moesia, Thrace and Macedonia. ... A Shumensko label Shumensko (Ð¨ÑƒÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐºÐ¾) or Shumensko pivo (Ð¨ÑƒÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐºÐ¾ Ð¿Ð¸Ð²Ð¾) is a Bulgarian beer company based in Shumen. ...

Landmarks

Shumen boasts the Monument to 1300 Years of Bulgaria, regarded as the only monument in the world to depict the history of a whole country from its creation to the present day. Every year, new scenes are added in relation to the most important moments of Bulgarian history.

The Shumen Fortress, partially restored after being destroyed by the Ottomans in the past, is an important historical monument of the medieval Bulgarian Empire. It is located not far from the city on the Shumen Plateau. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 417 KB) Shumen Fortress, Bulgaria. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1024x768, 417 KB) Shumen Fortress, Bulgaria. ... First Bulgarian Empire Second Bulgarian Empire This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...

The Madara Horseman, a World Heritage Site, is an ancient (710 AD) monument usually attributed to the Bulgar culture, and lies some 20 km from Shumen. The Madara Horseman A closer look at the horseman, the dog, and the lion The Madara Rider or Madara Horseman (Bulgarian: , Madarski konnik) is an early medieval large rock relief carved on the Madara Plateau east of Shumen in northeastern Bulgaria, near the village of Madara. ... Site #86: Memphis and its Necropolis, including the Pyramids of Giza (Egypt). ... // Events End of the Asuka period, the second and last part of the Yamato period and beginning of the Nara period in Japan. ...

The religious buildings in the city include the Eastern Orthodox Holy Three Saints Cathedral and Holy Ascension Basilica, as well as the Tombul Mosque, the largest mosque in Bulgaria and one of the largest in the Balkans, serving Shumen and the region's Muslim minority. Eastern Orthodoxy (also called Greek Orthodoxy and Russian Orthodoxy) is a Christian tradition which represents the majority of Eastern Christianity. ... Image:Tumbul Djamia2. ...

Notable natives

Vasil Nikolov Drumev (ca. ... Prime Ministers, 1879-1946 Todor Stoyanov Burmov 17 July 1879 - 6 December 1879 Archbishop Kliment Turnovski 6 December 1879 - 5 April 1880 Dragan Kiriakov Tsankov 5 April - 10 December 1880 Petko Karavelov 10 December 1880 - 9 May 1881 Johann Casimir Ernrot 9 May - 13 July 1881 Prince Alexander 13 July... Stoyan Petrov Danev (Bulgarian: ) (28 January 1858 - 30 July 1949) was a leading Bulgarian liberal politician and twice Prime Minister. ... Vasil Petrov Kolarov (July 16, 1877 January 23, 1950) was a Bulgarian communist political leader. ... Todor Kolev is a leading Bulgarian actor. ...

References

EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

External links

Categories: 1911 Britannica | Bulgaria geography stubs | Cities and towns in Bulgaria | Shumen Province Bulgarian coat of arms This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... This is a list of cities in Bulgaria with over 20,000 inhabitants. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bulgaria. ... Aytos (Bulgarian: ÐÐ¹Ñ‚Ð¾Ñ, Ancient Greek Î‘ÎµÏ„Î¿Ï‚, presumably from Thracian) is a town located in the eastern part of Bulgaria, belonging to the administrative boundaries of Burgas Province. ... Asenovgrad (Bulgarian ÐÑÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´) is a town in Southern Bulgaria. ... The centre of the town Houses in Varosha, the old quarter of Blagoevgrad Blagoevgrad (Bulgarian: Ð‘Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾ÐµÐ²Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´, formerly Ð“Ð¾Ñ€Ð½Ð° Ð”Ð¶ÑƒÐ¼Ð°Ñ, Gorna Dzhumaya) is a town in southwestern Bulgaria, situated in Blagoevgrad Province, with a population of about 76,000. ... all my regards and wishes to Angela Marinova from Alexandarsy@yahoo. ... Burgas (also transliterated as Bourgas; Bulgarian: Ð‘ÑƒÑ€Ð³Ð°Ñ) is the second-largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. ... Dimitrovgrad (Cyrillic: Ð”Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ñ‚Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´) is a town and a municipality in the Haskovo region of southern Bulgaria. ... Dobrich (Bulgarian: Ð”Ð¾Ð±Ñ€Ð¸Ñ‡) is a town in northeastern Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Dobrich Province. ... Dupnitsa (Ð”ÑƒÐ¿Ð½Ð¸Ñ†Ð°) is a town in western Bulgaria. ... Gabrovo municipality is located in Northern Bulgaria, in Gabrovo micro region. ... Gorna Oryahovitsa is a town in northern Bulgaria. ... Goce Delchev location in Bulgaria Gotse Delchev (Ð“Ð¾Ñ†Ðµ Ð”ÐµÐ»Ñ‡ÐµÐ²), population 23,573, is a town in Southwestern Bulgaria (Pirin Macedonia). ... Harmanli is a town in south-eastern Bulgaria. ... Haskovo (Bulgarian: Ð¥Ð°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾) is the name of a town (and administrative center of the region of the same name) in Southern Bulgaria. ... Karlovo is a town in Central Bulgaria located in a fertile valley along the river Striama (in Bulgarian: Ð¡Ñ‚Ñ€ÑÐ¼Ð°). It has a population of 28,000 (as of 2005). ... Karnobat, a city in the Bourgaska State, Karnobat Municipality of Bulgaria. ... Location of Kazanlak on a map of Bulgaria Kazanlak (Bulgarian: ÐšÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð»ÑŠÐº) is a small town in Bulgaria lying at the eastern end of the world-famous Rose Valley. ... Kardzhali is a town in Bulgaria. ... Kyustendil Kyustendil (Bulgarian: ÐšÑŽÑÑ‚ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð¸Ð», historically Ð’ÐµÐ»Ð±ÑŠÐ¶Ð´, Velbazhd) is a town in the very west of Bulgaria, the capital of Kyustendil Province, with a population of 47,196 (2005 calculation). ... Lom is a town in northern Bulgaria, on the banks of the Danube. ... View over Lovech The Covered Bridge Lovech (Bulgarian: Ð›Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ‡) is a town in north-central Bulgaria with a population of about 50,000. ... Montana (ÐœÐ¾Ð½Ñ‚Ð°Ð½Ð°) is a city in northwestern Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Montana Province. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Panagyurishte is a town in Pazardzhik Province, western Bulgaria. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Pernik is situated 19 miles southwest of Sofia Pernik is a city in Bulgaria, on the Struma River, with a population of 92,627 (2005 census). ... Petrich is a small town in the Blagoevgrad district in Bulgaria, located at the foot of the Belasitza. ... Pleven (Bulgarian: ÐŸÐ»ÐµÐ²ÐµÐ½ , known as Plevna in English in some historical documents) is the seventh most populated town in Bulgaria. ... Plovdiv (Bulgarian: ÐŸÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð´Ð¸Ð²) is the second largest city in Bulgaria, with a population of 376,918. ... Ibrahim Pasha (Ä°brahim PaÅŸa) Mosque Razgrad (Ð Ð°Ð·Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ð´) is a city in northeastern Bulgaria and the capital of Razgrad Province, built upon the ruins of the Ancient Roman town of Abritus on the banks of the Beli Lom. ... Rousse (also transliterated as Ruse or Russe; Bulgarian: Ð ÑƒÑÐµ; Romanian: Rusciuc) is the fifth largest city in Bulgaria, with a population of 178,000. ... Samokov (Ð¡Ð°Ð¼Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð²) is a town in Sofia Province in the southwest of Bulgaria. ... Sandanski is a small town in the Blagoevgrad district. ... Sevlievo is a town in north-central Bulgaria, between Sofia and Varna. ... Silistra (Bulgarian: Ð¡Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ñ€Ð°, historically Ð”Ñ€ÑŠÑÑ‚ÑŠÑ€ (DrÃ¢stÃ¢r); Romanian: Silistra or DÃ¢rstor; Latin: Silistria; Turkish: Silistre) is a port city of northeastern Bulgaria, lying on the southern side of the lower Danube at the countrys border with Romania. ... Sliven (Bulgarian: Ð¡Ð»Ð¸Ð²ÐµÐ½) is a town in southeast Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Sliven Province. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Flag Seal Location Position of Sofia in Bulgaria Government Country Province Bulgaria Sofia-City Mayor Boyko Borisov Geographical characteristics Area - City 1,310 kmÂ² - Land (?) kmÂ² - Water (?) kmÂ² Population - City (2006) 1,376,742 - Density 907/kmÂ² Coordinates , Elevation 550 m Time zone - Summer (DST) EET (UTC+2) EEST (UTC... Stara Zagora (Cyrillic: Ð¡Ñ‚Ð°Ñ€Ð° Ð—Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ñ€Ð°) is a large city and an important economic centre of southern Bulgaria. ... Svishtov is a Bulgarian town at Danube river, nearly 235 km north-east from Sofia. ... Targovishte (Ð¢ÑŠÑ€Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ‰Ðµ) is a city (population: 40 775; 170 m above sea-level) in Bulgaria, capital of Targovishte Province. ... Coat of arms of Troyan Troyan (also spelled Troian, Bulgarian: Ð¢Ñ€Ð¾ÑÐ½) is a town in central Bulgaria with population of about 30,000 and territory of 888,850 mÂ². It is located 160km from Sofia. ... Varna (Bulgarian: Ð’Ð°Ñ€Ð½Ð°) is the third largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, with a population of 351,552 (as at January 10, 2006). ... Veliko Tarnovo (Bulgarian: Ð’ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ Ð¢ÑŠÑ€Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾; also transliterated as Veliko Turnovo) is a city in central northern Bulgaria and the administrative centre of Veliko Tarnovo Province. ... Velingrad is the most beautiful and most famous among the Bulgarian Balneological resorts. ... Vidin (Bulgarian: Ð’Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ð½; Romanian: Vidin, Diiu) is a town on the southern bank of the Danube in northwestern Bulgaria. ... Vratsa or Vraca or Vratza (Bulgarian: Ð’Ñ€Ð°Ñ†Ð°) is a city in northwestern Bulgaria, at the foothills of the Balkan mountains. ... Yambol (Bulgarian: Ð¯Ð¼Ð±Ð¾Ð», also transliterated as Jambol) is the principal town in Yambol Province, Bulgaria, located on the Tunzha River. ...

Contents

History

Landmarks

Notable natives

References

External links