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Sibghatullah Al-Mojaddedi

Date of Birth:	1926
Date of Death:	-
President of Afghanistan
Tenure Order:	6th President of the Republic ( 1st President of the Islamic State ) Image File history File links Stop_hand. ... Image File history File links Prof. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The President of Afghanistan is Afghanistans head of state, head of government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. ...
Took Office:	April 1992 – June 1992
Predecessor:	Mohammad Najibullah
Successor:	Burhanuddin Rabbani

Sibghatullah Al-Mojaddedi ( 1926 - ). He served as the first President of the Islamic State of Afghanistan after the fall of the communist regime in 1992. He is also the leader of the Afghan National Liberation Front. Dr. Mohammad Najibullah (1947–September 27, 1996) was the fourth and last President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. ... Burhanuddin Rabbani (برهان الدين رباني) (born 1940), an ethnic Tajik, is a former President of Afghanistan and was political leader of the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... The President of Afghanistan is Afghanistans head of state, head of government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. ... Communism refers to a conjectured future classless, stateless social organization based upon common ownership of the means of production, and can be classified as a branch of the broader socialist movement. ... 1992 (MCMXCII in Roman) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...

Professor Mojaddedi transferred power to President Burhanuddin Rabbani after serving a two-month term, based on a prior agreement that was reached by the Mujahideen forces in Pakistan. He couldn't establish any types of reconciliation among the Mujahideen fractions. Burhanuddin Rabbani (برهان الدين رباني) (born 1940), an ethnic Tajik, is a former President of Afghanistan and was political leader of the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan. ... Mujahidin (Arabic: , also transliterated as mujāhidīn, mujahedeen, mujahedin, mujahidin, mujaheddin, etc. ...

In recently political activities during the Taliban power, Mojadidi was not involved. In December 2003, he served as the chairman of the Loya Jirga that approved Afghanistan's new constitution. Loya Jirga (June 13, 2002) Loya jirga, occasionally loya jirgah, is a large meeting held in Afghanistan, originally attended by Pashtun groups but later including other ethnic groups. ...

Early Years

He belongs to the Mojaddedis, known as descendents of the Mujaddid Ahmad Sirhindi. He was born in 1925 in Herat province in western Afghanistan. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Ahmad Sirhindi (d. ... Herāt (Persian هرات) is a city in western Afghanistan, in the valley of the Hari Rud river in the province also known as Herat, and was traditionally known for wine. ...

He is a well regarded Islamic scholar and one of the most prominent and prolific advocates of an independent Afghanistan since the early 1950s. Islam (Arabic: ; ( (help· info)), submission (to the will of God)) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second-largest religion. ... A scholar is either a student or someone who has achieved a mastery of some academic discipline. ... // Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ...

He completed post-graduate study at al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, focusing on Islamic Law and Jurisprudence. In Afghanistan, he taught at Habibia High School after his graduation, and later in the Kabul University. Al-Azhar University in Cairo Egypt Al-Azhar University, or Al-Azhar Al-Shareef (الأزهر الشريف; literally, The Noble Al-Azhar), is connected to the mosque in Cairo named to honor Fatima Az-Zahraa, the daughter of Muhammad, from whom the Fatimid Dynasty claimed descent. ... Although technically in Giza, The Great Pyramids have become a symbol of Cairo internationally Cairo (Arabic: القاهرة; transliterated: al-Qāhirah) is the capital city of Egypt (and previously the United Arab Republic) and has a metropolitan area population of approximately 15. ... The neutrality and factual accuracy of this article are disputed. ... Islamic jurisprudence, (Arabic: Fiqh) (in Arabic and Persian: فقه) is made up of the rulings (Fatwa) of Muslim Islamic jurists (Ulema) to direct the lives of the Muslims. ... Kabul University is located in Kabul, Afghanistan and was founded 1931, opened 1932 and formally established in 1947. ...

Mojadeddi was imprisoned from 1959 to 1964 for his alleged involvement in a plot to assassinate Soviet Prime Minister, Nikita Khrushchev. He also participated in anti-reformist and anti-soviet demonstrations in Kabul in 1970. Soviet redirects here. ... Premier of the Soviet Union is the commonly used English term for the offices of Chairman of the Council of Peoples Commissars of the USSR (Председатель Совета Народных Комиссаров СССР) (1923-1946) and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (Председатель Совета Министров СССР) (1946-1991), who was the head of government in the Soviet Union. ... Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchyov (Khrushchev) (Russian: Ники́та Серге́евич Хрущёв (help· info), April 17, 1894 â€“ September 11, 1971) was the leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Joseph Stalin. ... A view of the old city Kabul Kabul (34°32′N 69°10′E, Kâbl, in Persian کابل) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan with a population variously estimated at 2 to 4 million. ...

Fearing repression, he chose exile after Daoud's coup in 1973. Forced to flee the country in order to escape arrest, In exile he carried out the responsibility of the Copenhagen Mosque in Denmark. Copenhagen (Danish: København) is the capital of Denmark, and the name of the municipality (Danish, kommune) in which it resides. ...

The Soviet Invasion ( 1979 - 1989 )

In 1979 he founded the Afghan National Liberation Front, an islamic, traditionnal party . Although his party's military might remained marginal due to a bias in weapons distribution by the Pakistani ISI, Mujaddadi remained a highly respected leader among the Mujahideen. ISI may stand for: Ice Skating Institute (formerly the Ice Skating Instute of America, or ISIA), the international governing body for recreational skating competitions Image Space Incorporated Import substitution industrializing Indian Statistical Institute Information Sciences Institute (USC) Institute for Scientific Information Inter-Services Intelligence (Pakistan) Intercollegiate Studies Institute International Students...

His reputation as a moderate was finally recognised in 1989, when he was selected as the head of the Interim Islamic State of Afghanistan. Also as head of the Interim Afghan Government, he met with then President of the United States George H.W. Bush. Order: 41st President Vice President: Dan Quayle Term of office: January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993 Preceded by: Ronald Reagan Succeeded by: Bill Clinton Date of birth: June 12, 1924 Place of birth: Milton, Massachusetts First Lady: Barbara Pierce Bush Political party: Republican George Herbert Walker Bush, KBE (born June...

He was ready to assume his position when, on April 1992, the Mujaheddin enter Kabul, and the government of President Mohammad Najibullah collapsed. A cease-fire was achieved with Professor Burhanuddin Rabbani of the Jamait-i-Islami recognized as the head of the guerrilla coalition and of the country. A view of the old city Kabul Kabul (34°32′N 69°10′E, Kâbl, in Persian کابل) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan with a population variously estimated at 2 to 4 million. ... Dr. Mohammad Najibullah (1947–September 27, 1996) was the fourth and last President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. ... Burhanuddin Rabbani (برهان الدين رباني) (born 1940), an ethnic Tajik, is a former President of Afghanistan and was political leader of the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan. ...

President of the Republic

Eleven days later, in an agreement that excluded the Shi'a parties and the Hizb-i Islami led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, the parties in Kabul announced that Sibghatullah Mojadeddi would become president for two months, followed by Burhanuddin Rabbani of the Jamiat-i-Islami for four years. Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (born 1947 in Imam Saheb, Kunduz province, Afghanistan) is an Afghan warlord. ... Burhanuddin Rabbani (برهان الدين رباني) (born 1940), an ethnic Tajik, is a former President of Afghanistan and was political leader of the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan. ...

During this period, a Loya Jirga, or grand council of Afghan elders, would convene and designate an interim administration to hold power for up to a year, pending elections. But in May 1992, Rabbani prematurely formed the leadership council, undermining Mojaddedi’s fragile authority. Loya Jirga (June 13, 2002) Loya jirga, occasionally loya jirgah, is a large meeting held in Afghanistan, originally attended by Pashtun groups but later including other ethnic groups. ...

In June, Mojaddedi surrendered power to the Leadership Council, which then elected Rabbani president. Rejecting the arrangement, Hekmatyar launched massive and indiscriminate rocket attacks on Kabul that continued intermittently for three years, until he was forced out of the Kabul area in February 1995.

His decision to declare a general state of amnesty for all citizens regardless of political ties until the legal system of the country had been rehabiliated is one of his presidency's legacies. Amnesty (from the Greek amnestia, oblivion) is an act of justice by which the supreme power in a state restores those who may have been guilty of any offence against it to the position of innocent persons. ... Politics is a process by which collective decisions are made within groups. ...

Mojaddedi completed his term in office and returned to private. During Taliban rule, he settled in Pakistan. Flag flown by the Taliban. ...

Post-Taliban

In December 2003, Professor Mojaddedi was elected to serve as the chairman of the Loya Jirga, and under his leadership the Loya Jirga was able to approve a new constitution for the country. Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Loya Jirga (June 13, 2002) Loya jirga, occasionally loya jirgah, is a large meeting held in Afghanistan, originally attended by Pashtun groups but later including other ethnic groups. ...

When the constitutional loya jirga began its proceedings, Mojaddedi, offended many women when he refused to name a woman as one of his three deputies proclaimed to the assembled female delegates, "Even God has not given you equal rights because under his decision two women are counted as equal to one man."

Since March 16, 2005, serving as the chairman of the National Commission for Peace in Afghanistan, professor Mojaddedi has been working to bring about country-wide reconciliation. He was appointed to this post by president Hamid Karzai. March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in Leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hamid Karzai (Pushtu: حامد کرزي, Dari: حامد کرزی) (born December 24, 1957) is the current and first democratically elected President of Afghanistan (since December 7, 2004). ...

The commission's objective is to promote reconciliation. In a press conference held on May 9, 2005 in Kabul, Mojaddedi announced that participation in the reconciliation process is open to all Afghans, including Mullah Omar (head of the Taliban) and Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. One of the only known photographs of Omar (date unknown) Mullah Mohammed Omar (ملا محمد عمر; born 1959) is the reclusive leader of the Taliban of Afghanistan and Afghanistans former de facto Head of State who has been in hiding since the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in 2002. ... Gulbuddin Hekmatyar (born 1947 in Imam Saheb, Kunduz province, Afghanistan) is an Afghan warlord. ...

He claimed that his remarks were misconstrued by the media, and that it was up to the Afghan nation to pardon or punish Mullah Omar and Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. He also stated that policies change with time, and added that the reconciliation commission was working independently with full backing from President Karzai.

Mojaddedi was quoted as saying: "If they accept Afghanistan's new basic law and give up fighting, they may be forgiven. But personally speaking, I can't let them off them because I don't have the right."

On December 18th 2005, Afghanistan's parliament elected Sibghatullah Mojadidi as the leader of the legislature's 102-seat upper house, the Meshrano Jirga, for a 5 year term.

He now lives in Kabul. A view of the old city Kabul Kabul (34°32′N 69°10′E, Kâbl, in Persian کابل) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan with a population variously estimated at 2 to 4 million. ...

Trivia

• Mojaddedi is often referred to as Pir, meaning saint or elder, as he is the oldest member of the Naqshbandi sufi order. His family holds the rank of pir (saint) in the Sufi order which is the basis for its large religious following throughout Afghanistan.
• Mojaddedi is a conservative Maulawi. His party, consists essentially of Naqshbandi
• Mojaddedi is also a Shaykh of the Mujaddidiya branch of the Naqshbandi Sufi order.
• Mojaddedi was pulled out of a boarding line to a Virgin Atlantic flight to London by security officials, in order to conduct an additional search of his baggage. Airport security screeners said they heard him speak about an Islamic liberation organization and say, I know you're looking for a bomb, and God will revenge this, according to police. The comments were made in English but misinterpreted by the screeners, neither of whom spoke English as a first language. [1]

Naqshbandi (Naqshbandiyya) is one of four major Sufi orders (tariqa) of Islam. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... Virgin Atlantic Airways, usually referred to as Virgin Atlantic, is one of the airlines of Richard Bransons Virgin Group, operating long-haul routes between London and North America, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia and Australia. ... The Houses of Parliament and the clock tower containing Big Ben Part of the London skyline viewed from the South Bank London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. ... Dr. Mohammad Najibullah (1947–September 27, 1996) was the fourth and last President of Afghanistan during the period of the communist Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. ... The President of Afghanistan is Afghanistans head of state, head of government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. ... Burhanuddin Rabbani (برهان الدين رباني) (born 1940), an ethnic Tajik, is a former President of Afghanistan and was political leader of the Northern Alliance of Afghanistan. ...

External link

• Sibghatullah Al-Mojadeddi's Website