In 1071 the Seljuk Turks, originating from central Asia, had dealt a crushing defeat to the Byzantine Empire at Manzikert. Following the battle, the Turks invaded Asia Minor capturing Nicaea in 1078 as well as the Byzantine lands in Syria. This led to conflicts with the Arab faction that also had interests in Syria, namely the Fatimid dinasty of Egypt. Combatants Byzantine Empire Crusader States Seljuq Turks Strength Potential to raise 100,000 c. ... Events Saint Bruno founds the Carthusian Order of monks Kyanzittha begins his reign in Myanmar. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Antakya. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... Image File history File links Buyuk_selcuklu_devleti. ... This article is about political entity known as Great Seljuq Empire. ... Jalal ad-Dawlah Malik Shah was the Seljuk sultan from 1072 to 1092. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Crusader States Seljuq Turks Strength Potential to raise 100,000 c. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Seljuk Turks Commanders Byzantine emperor Leader of the Seljuk Turks & Sultanate of Rum Strength Capable of raising 100,000 troops with theme system 30,000-40,000 of horsemen Casualties Unknown Unknown The Battle of Caesarea occurred in 1064 when the Seljuk Turks under Alp Arslan attacked... Combatants Byzantine Empire Great Seljuk Sultanate Commanders Romanus IV #, Nikephoros Bryennios, Theodore Alyates, Andronikos Doukas Alp Arslan Strength ~ 20,000 [1] (40,000 initial) ~ 20,000 [2] - 70,000[1] Casualties ~ 8,000 [3] Unknown The Battle of Manzikert, or Malazgirt was fought between the Byzantine Empire and Seljuk Turkic... Combatants Byzantine Empire Seljuk Turks Commanders Byzantine emperor Leader of the Seljuk Turks Strength Unknown but assumed less than Seljuk Turks Unknown, but assumed more than Byzantine empire Casualties Unknown Unknown For other uses, see Siege of Nicaea (disambiguation) After the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, the Seljuk Turks had... Combatants Crusaders, Byzantine Empire Nicaean Turks, forces of Sultan Commanders Bohemund of Taranto, Raymond IV of Toulouse, Godfrey of Bouillon, Manuel Boutoumites Kilij Arslan I Strength 30,000 Crusaders 2000 Byzantine peltasts[1] Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown For other uses, see Siege of Nicaea (disambiguation) The Siege of Nicaea took... Combatants Byzantine Empire Sultanate of Rum Strength Unknown Unknown Following the success of the First Crusade and the failure of the Crusade of 1101, the Turks resumed their offensive operations against the Byzantines. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Sultanate of Rum Commanders Alexios I Komnenos Sultan Malik Shahr Strength Unknown Unknown Following the success of the First Crusade and the failure of the Crusade of 1101, the Turks resumed their offensive operations against the Byzantines. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Sultanate of Rüm Commanders Manuel I Comnenus Baldwin of Antioch † John Cantacuzenus Andronicus Vatatzes † Kilij Arslan II Strength About 25,000 (possibly 50,000?) 70,000 Casualties Unknown Unknown The Battle of Myriokephalon, also known as the Myriocephalum, or Miryakefalon Savaşı in Turkish, was a battle... Combatants Seljuq Turks Commanders Unknown Sultan Kilij Arslan II Strength Unknown Unknown The siege of Cotyaeum was the successful capture of the city by Seljuk Turk forces from the Byzantines. ... Combatants Empire of Nicaea Sultanate of Rum Commanders Unknown Sultan Kai-Khusrau Strength Unknown Unknown The siege of Antalya was a successful Turkic capture of a southern-western port in Asia Minor. ... Combatants Empire of Nicaea Sultanate of Rum Commanders Unknown Sultan Kai-Khusrau Strength Unknown Unknown The Siege of Nicaea in 1210 was an unsuccessful attempt to take the capital of the Nicaean Empire by the Sultanate of Rum. ... Combatants Empire of Nicaea Sultanate of Rum Commanders Unknown Unknown Strength Unknown Unknown Sometime before 1231, the Nicaean Empire succeeded in driving back the Turks from the Meander valley and thus reestablishing Christian rule over some parts of Anatolia that had been lost after 1180. ... This article is about dynasty which ruled the political entity known as Great Seljuq Empire. ... Map of Central Asia showing three sets of possible boundaries for the region Central Asia located as a region of the world Central Asia is a vast landlocked region of Asia. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... Manzikert (in Turkish Malazgirt) is a town in MuÅŸ in eastern Turkey, with a population of 23 697 (year 2000) (??of 68 990). ... Iznik ceramic pitcher with flower decoration from ca. ... The Fatimids, Fatimid Caliphate or al-FātimiyyÅ«n (Arabic الفاطميون) is the Shia dynasty that ruled over varying areas of the Maghreb, Egypt, and the Levant from 5 January 910 to 1171. ...

Antioch

Antioch had been part of the Byzantine Empire ever since it was captured in 969 by the Emperor Nicephorus II Phocas. It had been in the frontline between the Arabs and Byzantines in their wars and, though the Byzantines may have repaired the city, was in a state of decline under Arab rule for more than 200 years. Despite this, whilst Jerusalem had fallen in 1071 and Nicaea in 1078, Antioch was not taken until 1084. Emperor Nicephoros Phocas Nicephorus II Phocas was one of the most brilliant generals in the history of Byzantium who rose to become a mediocre emperor from 963 until his assassination in 969. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Antakya. ...

Legacy

The city was important to the Christian world, being the see of one of the 5 Christian Patriarchates (the others being Rome, Constantinople, Jerusalem and Alexandria) and was the Byzantine Empire's strong point in Syria, from which more conquests could have been implemented. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Christianity is... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city before the Fall of Constantinople (1453). ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... This article is about the city in Egypt. ...

However, the Seljuk Turks held Antioch and Western Syria for only fourteen years before the Crusaders arrived. They took the city after a nine months siege during the First Crusade. Antioch remained the capital of the Latin Principality of Antioch for nearly two centuries and during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Manuel Comnenus the principality was a Byzantine vassal. Fresco of Manuel I Manuel I Comnenus Megas (November 28, 1118? - September 24, 1180) was Byzantine Emperor from 1143 to 1180. ...