Siege of Breda
Part of the Eighty Years' War
The Surrender of Breda by Diego Velázquez. Oil on canvas, 1635.
Date August 28, 1624 – June 5, 1625 Location Breda, Netherlands Result Spanish victory
Combatants
United Provinces	Spain
Commanders
Maurice of Nassau Ernst von Mansfeld	Ambrosio Spinola
Strength
14,000	18.000
Casualties
10,000 dead, wounded, or captured	Unknown

The Siege of Breda is the name for two major sieges of the Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War. The Dutch fortress city of Breda fell to a Spanish army under Ambrosio Spinola in 1625; it was retaken by Frederick Henry of Orange in 1637. Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1566[1]–1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) empire. ... Download high resolution version (1023x851, 179 KB) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... For others named Velázquez, see Velazquez (disambiguation). ... Events February 10 - The Académie française in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite. ... August 28 is the 240th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (241st in leap years), with 125 days remaining. ... Events January 24 - Alfonso Mendez, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. ... June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Grote Kerk (main church) or Onze Lieve Vrouwe Kerk (Church of Our Lady) Breda ( (help· info)) is a municipality and a city in the southern part of the Netherlands. ... Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange - portrait by Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt Maurice of Nassau (in Dutch Maurits van Nassau) (14 November 1567 – 23 April 1625), Prince of Orange (1618–1625), son of William the Silent and Princess Anna of Saxony, was born at the castle of Dillenburg. ... Ernst von Mansfeld Ernst, Graf von Mansfield (c. ... Ambrosio Spinola Doria, marqués de los Balbases (1569 - September 25, 1630), Spanish general, was born in Genoa. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1566[1]–1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) empire. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Jan de Marnix van Aldegonde † de Beauvoir Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties 700–800 dead Unknown The Battle of Oosterweel took place on March 13, 1567, and is traditionally seen as the beginning of the Eighty Years War. ... The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt from 1568 to 1648 was the secession war in which the proto-Netherlands first became an independent country and in which the region now known as Belgium became established. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Friesland Commanders Louis of Nassau Adolf of Nassau † Johan de Ligne Strength 3,900 infantry 200 cavalry 3,200 infantry 20 cavalry Casualties 50 dead or wounded 1,500 – 2,000 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Heiligerlee in Groningen on 23 May 1568 was... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Louis of Nassau Duke of Alva Strength 10,000 infantry 2,000 cavalry 16 guns 12,000 infantry 3,000 cavalry Casualties 7,000 dead or wounded 300 dead or wounded After the Battle of Heiligerlee Louis of Nassau failed to capture the city Groningen. ... The Battle of Jodoigne was fought in 1568 between Spanish and Dutch forces. ... The Capture of Brielle by the Gueux de mer on 1 April 1572 marked a turning point in the uprising of the Low Countries against Spain in the Eighty Years War. ... In the Eighty Years War the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands was put under a bloody siege by a Spanish army that wanted to reclaim the revolted city for Philip II, the Spanish king. ... The Battle of Flushing was a naval battle of the Eighty Years War, fought on April 17, 1573 near the city of Flushing, Netherlands. ... The Battle of Borsele (April 22th 1573) was a naval battle during the Eighty Years War between a Spanish fleet commanded by Sancho dAvila (Which sailed from the port of Antwerp) and a Gueux fleet under Admiral Worst. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Cornelis Jansz Dircksz Maximilian de Henin Count of Bossu Strength 24 ships, 700 sailors 30 ships, 1300 sailors Casualties Unknown 6 ships captured by the Dutch – 300 sailors taken prisoner The Battle on the Zuiderzee (October 11th 1573) was a naval battle during the Eighty... The Siege of Alkmaar was a turning point in the Eighty Years War. ... The siege of Leiden occured during the Eighty Years War in 1573 and 1574. ... The Battle of Reimerswaal (January 29th 1574) was a naval battle during the Eighty Years War between a Dutch and a Spanish fleet. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Louis of Nassau † Henry of Nassau † Sancho dAvilla Strength 5,500 infantry 2,600 cavalry 5,000 infantry 800 cavalry Casualties 3,000 dead or wounded 150 dead or wounded {{{notes}}} The Battle of Mookerheyde was a battle of the Eighty Years War fought... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Unknown Alexander of Parma Casualties 10,000 dead, wounded, or captured 100 dead or wounded The Battle of Gembloux marked a terrible defeat for the Protestant rebels fighting against Spain in the Eighty Years War. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spain Commanders Burghers of Maastricht Alexander Farnese Strength 2,000 soldiers and some militia. ... In 1581 Spanish troops under the command of Claude de Berlaimont, lord of Haultepenne, took Breda by surprise thanks to a sentry who had been bribed by a follower of the king, Charles de Gavre, who was kept a prisoner at the castle. ... The naval Battle of Punta Delgada, also called the Battle of Terceira, took place on July 26, 1582 during the Eighty Years War that resulted in the defeat of a combined Dutch, English, Portuguese, and French Huguenot fleet by a Spanish fleet under Santa Cruz. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Battle of Boksum (January 17th 1586) was a battle during the Eighty Years War between a Spanish and a Dutch rebel army (largely comprised of Frisians) commanded by Willem Lodewijk of Nassau, a nephew of William of Orange. ... Combatants Dutch rebels, English soldiers Spain Commanders  ?  ? Strength  ?  ? Casualties  ?  ? The battle of Zutphen was a confrontation of the Eighty Years War on September 22, 1586, in Zutphen, the Netherlands. ... The first Siege of Bergen op Zoom were a series of 3 surpirse attacks by the Duke of Parma lasting from September 23th till November 13th 1588. ... For the navy of Spain, see Spanish Navy. ... The peat ship. ... Battle of Turnhout, 1597. ... Combatants United Provinces Spain Commanders Maurits of Nassau Archduke Albrecht of Austria Strength 9,500 infantry 1,400 cavalry 14 guns 6,000 infantry 1,200 cavalry 9 guns Casualties 1,700 dead or wounded 3,000 dead or wounded 600 captured {{{notes}}} The Battle of Nieuwpoort, between a Dutch... Combatants United Provinces Spain Commanders Francis Vere Archduke Albrecht Ambrosio Spinola Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties 30,000 dead or wounded 15,000 captured 55,000 dead or wounded The Siege of Ostend was a three year siege which resulted in a Spanish victory. ... The Battle of Sluis was a naval battle during the Eighty Years War in which a Dutch fleet defeated a Spanish squadron led by the Portuguese captain Federico Spinola. ... The Siege of Bergen-op-Zoom (1622) was a battle during the Eighty Years War. ... Combatants United Provinces Spain Commanders Maurice of Nassau Ernst von Mansfeld Ambrosio Spinola Strength 14,000 Unknown Casualties 10,000 dead, wounded, or captured Unknown {{{notes}}} The Siege of Breda was a battle of the Eighty Years War and Thirty Years War. ... The Battle in the Bay of Matanzas was a naval battle during the Eighty Years War in which a Dutch squadron was able to defeat and capture a Spanish treasure fleet. ... The Siege of s-Hertogenbosch was a battle of the Eighty Years War in which a Dutch Republican army captured the city of s Hertogenbosch which had been loyal to the King of Spain. ... The Capture of Maastricht describes the siege of the city by the Dutch commanded by Frederick Henry and the revolts in and around Maastricht itself during the Eighty Years War. ... Combatants United Provinces Spain Commanders Maurice of Nassau Ernst von Mansfeld Ambrosio Spinola Strength 14,000 Unknown Casualties 10,000 dead, wounded, or captured Unknown {{{notes}}} The Siege of Breda was a battle of the Eighty Years War and Thirty Years War. ... The Battle of Kallo (June 20th 1638) was a battle of the Eighty Years War it took place when a Dutch army tried to surround the city of Antwerp. ... Combatants Spain United Provinces Commanders Antonio DOquendo Maarten Tromp Strength 77 ships 117 ships Casualties 15,200 dead 60 ships destroyed or captured 100 dead 1 ship burned The naval Battle of the Downs took place on 31 October 1639 (New style) during the Eighty Years War and was... The Siege of Hulst (1645) was the last major siege of the Eighty Years War, in which the heavily fortified town of Hulst was conquered by Dutch troops commanded by Frederick Henry after 28 days. ... Battle of Puerto de Cavite was a fought as an extension of the Eighty Years War between Spanish and the Dutch in the orient. ... Combatants Dutch rebels Spanish Empire The Eighty Years War, or Dutch Revolt (1566[1]–1648), was the revolt of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands against the Spanish (Habsburg) empire. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Fortifications (Latin fortis, strong, and facere, to make) are military constructions designed for defensive warfare. ... Grote Kerk (main church) or Onze Lieve Vrouwe Kerk (Church of Our Lady) Breda ( (help· info)) is a municipality and a city in the southern part of the Netherlands. ... Ambrosio Spinola Doria, marqués de los Balbases (1569 - September 25, 1630), Spanish general, was born in Genoa. ... Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ... Frederick Henry (January 29, 1584–March 14, 1647), Prince of Orange, the youngest child of William the Silent, was born at Delft about six months before his fathers assassination. ...

The battle

Under Spinola's orders the Spanish laid siege to Breda in August 1624, contrary to the wishes of their king. The city was heavily fortified and defended by a garrison of 7,000. Spinola rapidly invested its defences and hurled back a Dutch army under Maurice of Nassau attempting to cut his supplies. The defenders held. In February 1625 a force of 7,000 Englishmen under Ernst von Mansfeld failed to relieve the city. Events January 24 - Alfonso Mendez, appointed by Pope Gregory XV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa. ... Philip IV (), (April 8, 1605 – September 17, 1665) was King of Spain from 1621 to 1665 and also King of Portugal until 1640. ... Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange - portrait by Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt Maurice of Nassau (in Dutch Maurits van Nassau) (14 November 1567 – 23 April 1625), Prince of Orange (1618–1625), son of William the Silent and Princess Anna of Saxony, was born at the castle of Dillenburg. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London (de facto) Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2006 est. ... Ernst von Mansfeld Ernst, Graf von Mansfield (c. ...

Justin of Nassau surrendered Breda in June 1625 after a costly eleven-month siege. Events March 27 - Prince Charles Stuart becomes King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland. ...

Aftermath

The Siege of Breda was Spinola's greatest victory and one of Spain's last in the Eighty Years' War. It was part of a plan to isolate the Republic from its Hinterland. In 1629 however, after Piet Heyn's capture of the Treasure fleet, stadtholder Frederick Henry was able to capture the fortress city of 's-Hertogenbosch, breaking the land blockade. Spain's efforts in the Netherlands dwindled thereafter as a lack of funds robbed Spanish armies of their former energy and political infighting hindered Spinola's freedom of movement. Yet the siege of 1625 captured the attention of the princes of Europe and, for a while longer, Spanish armies continued to recapture the formidable reputation they had held under Charles V. The Battle of Rocroi dispelled this illusion in 1643. The meaning of hinterland and its history. ... Piet Heyn, 1577-1629 Piet Pieterszoon Hein (or Pieter Pietersen Heyn) (November 25, 1577 – June 18, 1629) was a Dutch naval officer and folk hero during the Eighty Years War between the United Provinces and Spain. ... Between the 16th and 18th centuries, the Spanish treasure fleets brought the wealth of the Spanish colonies in Central and South America to Spain, in the form of silver, gold, gems, spices, cocoa and other exotic goods. ... A stadtholder (Dutch: stadhouder meaning place holder, a Germanic parallel to Latin locum tenens or French lieutenant), means an official who is appointed by the legal ruling Monarch to represent him in a country, and may have a mandate to govern it in his name, in the latter case roughly... s-Hertogenbosch (literally The Dukes Forest in Dutch; translated in French as Bois-le-Duc), unofficially also called Den Bosch, is a municipality in the Netherlands, the capital of the province of North Brabant. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ... Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain. ... Combatants France Spain Commanders Duc dEnghien Francisco de Melo Count of Fuentes † Strength 16,000 infantry 6,000 cavalry 14 guns 15,000 infantry 5,000 cavalry 18 guns Casualties 2,000 dead 2,000 wounded[1] 8,000 dead or wounded 7,000 captured[2] The Battle of... // Events January 21 - Abel Tasman discovers Tonga February 6 - Abel Tasman discovers the Fiji islands. ...

This first siege is best known as the subject of Diego Velázquez's 1635 canvas, The Surrender of Breda (illustrated, to the right). For others named Velázquez, see Velazquez (disambiguation). ... Events February 10 - The Académie française in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite. ...

1637

In the early thirties Frederick Henry pursued a policy of conquering — or liberating, as the Dutch rebels saw it — most of the Spanish Netherlands with French help. Partly he accomplished this by slowly advancing along the Meuse valley in the east capturing Venlo, Roermond and Maastricht. To march unto Brussels he however had to retake Breda, the "dagger pointing to the heart of the Republic" and the formerly most important possession of the House of Orange in the Netherlands. This article or section should be merged with Seventeen Provinces The Spanish Netherlands was a portion of the Low Countries controlled by Spain from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. ... Meuse is a département in northeast France, named after the Meuse River. ... Venlo ( (help· info)) is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands. ... Roermond is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands. ... Flag of Maastricht. ... Nickname: The Capital Of Europe, Comic City City of a 100 Museums[] Map showing the location of Brussels in Belgium Coordinates: Country Belgium Region Brussels-Capital Region Founded 979 Founded (Region) June 18, 1989  - Mayor (Municipality) Freddy Thielemans Area    - City 162 (Region) km²  (62. ... The Principality of Orange The title originally referred to the sovereign principality of Orange in southern France, which was a property of the House of Orange (from 1702 Orange-Nassau). ...

On 21 July 1637 Dutch troops tried to take the city by a surprise assault but were repelled. On July 23 the siege began in earnest. The Dutch army surrounded the city by a trench system, allowing it to advance to the gates under cover. On September 1 the moat had been dammed at two places but the garrison continued to resist ferociously, bringing the attack to a halt. On October 6 the garrison proposed an honourable retreat; this was granted and on October 11, 11:00 AM, it left the city with beating drums, retreating to Mechelen. July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... Events February 3 - Tulipmania collapses in Netherlands by government order February 15 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor December 17 - Shimabara Rebellion erupts in Japan Pierre de Fermat makes a marginal claim to have proof of what would become known as Fermats last theorem. ... Trench warfare is a form of war in which both opposing armies have static lines of defense. ... Mechelen: Grote Markt square, with St. ...

External links

• Jacques Callot's prints of the siege
• Siege of Breda