Siege of Naxos
Part of the Persian Wars
Loctation of Naxos
Date 490 BC Location Naxos, Cyclades Result Persian victory Naxos annexed to the Persian Empire
Combatants
Naxos	Persia
Commanders
Unknown	Datis, Artaphernes
Strength
8,000 men and a large amount of ships	20,000-60,000 men, Around 600 ships (Modern Estimates)
Casualties
Heavy	Light

The Siege of Naxos (490 BC) was fought between the people of Naxos and the Persians under the command of Datis and Artaphernes who were on their way to attack Eretria and Athens. The Siege of Naxos was part of the Persian Wars. The Greco-Persian Wars or Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Greek world and the Persian Empire that started about 500 BC and lasted until 448 BC. The term can also refer to the continual warfare of the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire against the Parthians and... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1500x1662, 603 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Aegean Sea User:NormanEinstein/gallery ... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 540s BC 530s BC 520s BC 510s BC 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC Years: 495 BC 494 BC 493 BC 492 BC 491 BC - 490 BC - 489 BC 488 BC... The primary use of “Naxos” is as the name of a Greek island in the Cyclades. ... The Cyclades (Greek Κυκλάδες) are a Greek island group in the Aegean Sea, south-east of the mainland of Greece; and an administrative prefecture of Greece. ... Look up Persian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The primary use of “Naxos” is as the name of a Greek island in the Cyclades. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau (Irān - Land of the Aryans[1]) and beyond. ... Datis or Datus was a Persian general in the Persian Wars, under Darius the Great. ... Artaphernes, more correctly Artaphrenes, was the brother of Darius Hystaspis, and satrap of Sardis. ... Combatants Greek city states, particularly Athens and Sparta Persian Empire and allied Greek states Commanders Miltiades, Themistocles, Leonidas I, Pausanias, Kimon, Pericles Mardonius, Datis, Artaphernes, Xerxes I, Megabyzus The Greco-Persian Wars or Persian Wars or Medic Wars were a series of conflicts between several Greek city-states and the... The Battle of Ephesus (498 BC) was a battle in the Ionian Revolt. ... The Battle of Lade was fought in 494 BC between the Ionians and the Persians. ... Combatants Eretria Persia, Cyclades Commanders Aeschines Datis, Artaphernes Strength Unknown 20,000-60,000 men, Around 600 ships Casualties Heavy Heavy The Siege of Eretria was fought by the Eretrians who were invaded by the Persians under the command of Datis and Artaphernes. ... Combatants Athens and Plataea Persia Commanders Miltiades Callimachus† Darius I of Persia Datis†? Artaphernes Strength 10,000 Athenians 1,000 Plataeans 20,000-60,000 by modern estimates 1 Casualties 192 Athenians dead 11 Plateans dead 6,400 dead 7 ships captured 1 Ancient sources give numbers ranging from 200... Combatants Greek-city states Persian Empire Commanders Leonidas I of Sparta † Xerxes I of Persia Strength 300 Spartans 700 Thespians 6,000 other Greek allies2 Over 200,000, possibly multiple times that number1 Casualties 300 Spartans and 700 Thespians; 1,500 Greek allies in total. ... Combatants Greek city-states Persia Commanders Eurybiades of Sparta Themistocles of Athens Adeimantus of Corinth Unknown Strength 333 ships 500 ships? Casualties The naval Battle of Artemisium took place, according to tradition, on the same day as the Battle of Thermopylae on August 11, 480 BC, but it may have... Combatants Greek city-states Persia Halicarnassus Commanders Eurybiades of Sparta Themistocles of Athens Adeimantus of Corinth Aristides of Athens Xerxes I of Persia Ariamenes † Artemisia Strength 366-380 ships 1 1000 - 1207 ships [1]2 Casualties 40 ships 200 ships 1 Herodotus gives 378 of the alliance, but the numbers... Combatants Greek city-states Persia Commanders Pausanias Mardonius† Strength 100,000 (Pompeius) 110,000 (Herodotus) 120,000 (Ctesias) 300,000 (Herodotus, Plutarch). ... Combatants Greek city-states Persia Commanders Leotychides Artaÿntes Strength About 50 000 Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown The Battle of Mycale was one of the two major battles that ended the Persian invasion of Greece, during the Greco-Persian Wars. ... Combatants Delian League Persia Commanders Cimon Unknown Strength Unknown 200 ships Casualties The naval Battle of the Eurymedon took place between 470 BC and 466 BC on the Eurymedon River in Pamphylia in Asia Minor, and was between the Athenian-led Delian League and Persia. ... Combatants Delian League Persia Commanders Cimon † Anaxicrates Strength 300 triremes estimated 800 ships Casualties 40 ships lost over 250 ships lost The Battle of Salamis took place around 450 BC near Salamis in Cyprus. ... The primary use of “Naxos” is as the name of a Greek island in the Cyclades. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau (Irān - Land of the Aryans[1]) and beyond. ... Datis or Datus was a Persian general in the Persian Wars, under Darius the Great. ... Artaphernes, more correctly Artaphrenes, was the brother of Darius Hystaspis, and satrap of Sardis. ... This is an article about the Greek city of Eretria. ... Nickname: City of Athena or Cradle of Democracy Location of the city of Athens (red dot) within the Prefecture of Athens and Periphery of Attica Coordinates: Country Greece Peripheries Attica Prefecture Athens Founded circa 2000 BC Mayor Nikitas Kaklamanis Area    - City 38. ... The Greco-Persian Wars or Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Greek world and the Persian Empire that started about 500 BC and lasted until 448 BC. The term can also refer to the continual warfare of the Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire against the Parthians and...

The Ionian Revolt started in 499 BC after the Persians were defeated by the Naxians in the Siege of Naxos earlier that year. The Persians managed to defeat the rebels in 494 BC. Darius I of Persia wanted revenge so he ordered that a fleet and an army under the command of Datis and Artaphernes invaded Greece. The Persians suprised the Naxians who abandoned their city and fled to the mountains. Finding the city abandoned, the Persians burnt it and took whoever they caught as slaves. The Ionian Revolts were triggered by the actions of Aristagoras, the tyrant of the Ionian city of Miletus at the end of the 6th century BC and the beginning of the 5th century BC. They constituted the first major conflict between Greece and Persia. ... Seal of Darius I, showing the king hunting on his chariot, and the symbol of Ahuramazda Darius the Great (Pers. ...

Prelude

In 500 BC, the island of Naxos was besieged by the Persian Empire with the help of Naxian exiles and their Ionian Greeks allies. The Naxians had been warned about the invasion by the Persian commander, Megabates and they were prepared for the invasion.^[1] The siege lasted for four months before the Persians ran out of gold and resources and they were forced to retreat.^[2] The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau (Irān - Land of the Aryans[1]) and beyond. ...

The commander of the Ionians, Aristagoras who had said he would pay for the expenses of the campaign lost his favor with the Persians and he incited the Ionians to revolt against the Persians.^[3] The revolt lasted until 494 BC when the Persian fleet crushed the Greek fleet at the Battle of Lade.^[4] Aristagoras was killed in a battle against the Thracians in Thrace after fleeing from Ionia.^[5] Darius wanted revenge on the Naxians for the defeat as well as the Eretrians and the Athenians because they sent ships to help the revolt.^[6] In 490 BC, Darius organized a large fleet of about 600 ships, in which about 300 of them were warships or triremes and the rest were transport carriers. Accompanying the fleet was an army of between 20,000 to 60,000 whom were generally the typical lightly-armed Takabara infantry. Aristagoras was the leader of Miletus in the late 6th century BC and early 5th century BC. He was the son of Molpagoras, and son_in_law (and nephew) of Histiaeus, whom the Persians had set up as tyrant of Miletus. ... The Battle of Lade was fought in 494 BC between the Ionians and the Persians. ... Thracian peltast, 5th to 4th century BC Thracian Horseman Thracians in an ethnic sense refers to various ancient peoples who spoke Dacian and Thracian, a scarcely attested branch of the Indo-European language family. ... Thrace (Bulgarian: , Greek: , Latin: , Turkish: ) is a historical and geographic area in southeast Europe. ... This is an article about the Greek city of Eretria. ... For other uses, see Athens (disambiguation). ... A Greek trireme Triremes were ancient war galleys with three rows of oars on each side. ...

Naxos

A map showing the invasion of 490 BC

The commanders of the expedition were Datis, who was a Mede and Artaphernes, Darius' nephew.^[7] They met the main army in Cilicia and from there they sailed to Samos.^[8] From Samos they navigated to Ikaria and from there the amphibious force sailed from island to island until they came upon Naxos.^[9] The Naxians were suprised when they saw the Persian fleet and they fled to the mountains.^[10] When the Persians disembarked they looted and burnt the capitol of Naxos and they enslaved anyone they caught. As a result, Naxos was annexed to the Persian Empire. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1800x1091, 774 KB) Map showing the Persian Wars of the 5th Cent BCE From German Wikipedia, de:Bild:Perserkriege. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1800x1091, 774 KB) Map showing the Persian Wars of the 5th Cent BCE From German Wikipedia, de:Bild:Perserkriege. ... Datis or Datus was a Persian general in the Persian Wars, under Darius the Great. ... Medea (Medea Proper), ca. ... Artaphernes, more correctly Artaphrenes, was the brother of Darius Hystaspis, and satrap of Sardis. ... Cilicia as Roman province, 120 AD In Antiquity, Cilicia (Κιλικία) was the name of a region, now known as Çukurova, and often a political unit, on the southeastern coast of Asia Minor (modern Turkey), north of Cyprus. ... Samos (Greek Σάμος; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is an island in southeastern Greece in the Aegean Sea, off the coast of Turkey. ... This article is about Icaria, a Greek island. ... The primary use of “Naxos” is as the name of a Greek island in the Cyclades. ...

Aftermath

Following the capture of Naxos, the Persian fleet stopped at every island they passed and forced the islanders to give them men for their army.^[11] When the Persians finished with the islands they headed to Euboea where they started to besiege Eretria. They managed to capture Eretria in six days after some prominent citizens opened the gates.^[12] From Eretria the Persians landed at Marathon and had plans from there to go and besiege Athens.^[13] But before they could advance, the combined armies of Athens and Plataea defeated them at Marathon and forced them to retreat back to Asia Minor.^[14] Naxos remained part of the Persian Empire until 479 BC when they defected from the Persian fleet at Salamis and joined the victorious Greek navy.^[15] Euboea or Negropont (Modern Greek: Εύβοια Evia, Ancient Greek Εúβοια Eúboia; see also List of traditional Greek place names), is the largest island of the Greek archipelago. ... This is an article about the Greek city of Eretria. ... Combatants Athens and Plataea Persia Commanders Miltiades Callimachus† Darius I of Persia Datis†? Artaphernes Strength 10,000 Athenians 1,000 Plataeans 20,000-60,000 by modern estimates 1 Casualties 192 Athenians dead 11 Plateans dead 6,400 dead 7 ships captured 1 Ancient sources give numbers ranging from 200... Nickname: City of Athena or Cradle of Democracy Location of the city of Athens (red dot) within the Prefecture of Athens and Periphery of Attica Coordinates: Country Greece Peripheries Attica Prefecture Athens Founded circa 2000 BC Mayor Nikitas Kaklamanis Area    - City 38. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to... Combatants Greek city-states Persia Halicarnassus Commanders Eurybiades of Sparta Themistocles of Athens Adeimantus of Corinth Aristides of Athens Xerxes I of Persia Ariamenes † Artemisia Strength 366-380 ships 1 1000 - 1207 ships [1]2 Casualties 40 ships 200 ships 1 Herodotus gives 378 of the alliance, but the numbers...

Notes

1. ^ Herodotus V,33
2. ^ Herodotus V,34
3. ^ Herodotus V,36
4. ^ Herodotus V,33
5. ^ Herodotus VI,18
6. ^ Herodotus V,126
7. ^ Herodotus VI,94
8. ^ Herodotus VI,95
9. ^ Herodotus VI,95
10. ^ Herodotus VI,96
11. ^ Herodotus VI,99
12. ^ Herodotus VI,101
13. ^ Herodotus VI,102
14. ^ Herodotus VI,115
15. ^ Herodotus VIII,8.46

References

Primary Sources

• Herodotus, translated by Robin Waterfield (1998). The Histories. New York:Oxford World's Classics. ISBN 0-19-282425-2