For other uses, see Siege of Nicaea (disambiguation)

The Siege of Nicaea by the forces of Osman I from 1328 to 1331, resulted to the conquest of a key Byzantine Greek city by the Ottoman Turks. It played an important role to the expansion of the Ottoman Empire. Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks The Byzantine Ottoman wars was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Turks and the Byzantines that led to the final destruction of the Byzantine empire and the rise of the Ottoman empire. ... Events Augustiner brew Munich May 1 - Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton - England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence May 12 - Nicholas V is consecrated at St Peters Basilica in Rome by the bishop of Venice. ... Events September 8 - Stefan Dusan declares himself king of Serbia Start of the reign of Emperor Kogon of Japan, first of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Births Coluccio Salutati, Florentine political leader (died 1406) Deaths January 14 - Odoric, Italian explorer October 27 - Abulfeda, Arab historian and geographer (born 1273) Categories: 1331... Iznik ceramic pitcher with flower decoration from ca. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–65) Edirne (1365–1453) Constantinople (Ä°stanbul, 1453–1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy [[Category:Former monarchies}}|Ottoman Empire, 1299]] Sultans  - 1281–1326... Andronicus II Palaeologus (1260 – February 13, 1332), Byzantine emperor, was the elder son of Michael VIII Palaeologus, whom he succeeded in 1282. ... Andronicus III Palaeologus (c. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Orhan (Turkish: also Orhan Gazi or Orkhan) (1284–1359), was the second bey (chief) of the newborn Ottoman Empire (at the time known as the Osmanli tribe) from 1326 to 1359. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks The Byzantine Ottoman wars was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Turks and the Byzantines that led to the final destruction of the Byzantine empire and the rise of the Ottoman empire. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks Commanders Michael IX Osman I The Battle of Bapheus occurred in July 27, 1302 between an Ottoman army under Osman I and a Byzantine army. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks In 1303, the Byzantine Emperor Andronicus II hired 6,500 Catalan mercenaries under Roger de Flor to campaign against the Turks in the Spring and Summer of 1303. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks Commanders Unknown Osman I, Orhan I The Siege of Brusa occurred in 1326, when the Ottomans deployed a bold plan to seize Brusa. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Beylik Commanders Andronicus III Orhan I Strength ~ 2,000 soldiers from Constantinople, and something less than this number from Thrace. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Empire Commanders Andronicus III Orhan I Strength Very few Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown, assumed light // From 1299, the newly founded Turkic state of the Ottomans had been slowly but surely capturing territory from the Byzantine Greeks. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks Commanders Unknown Suleyman Pasha Gallipoli fell to the Ottomans in 1354. ... Winning the Battle of Adrianople (1365), Ottoman Turks capture Adrianople. ... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks Strength 10,000 in 1261 down to 7,000 in 1321 less than a 1,000 professionals by 1453 Unknown The Byzantine-Ottoman wars were a series of decisive conflicts between the Ottoman Turks and the Byzantine Greeks that led to the final destruction of... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Empire Commanders John I Palaiologos Murad II Strength Unknown Unknown Casualties Unknown Unknown The Fifth Ottoman Siege of Constantinople took place in 1422 as a result of the Byzantine Emperor Manuel IIs attempts to interfere in the succession of Ottoman Sultans, after the death of... Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Turks The siege of Thessalonika was ultimately a successful attempt by the Ottoman Empire under Murad II to take Thessalonika and punish the Palaeologoi for their attempts at inciting rebellion within the Ottoman ranks. ... Combatants  Byzantine Empire Ottoman Sultanate Commanders Constantine XI †, Loukas Notaras, Giovanni Giustiniani †[1] Mehmed II, ZaÄŸanos Pasha Strength 80,000[2] 80,000[1]-200,000[1][3] Casualties 4,000 dead[4] [5][6] unknown The Fall of Constantinople refers to the capture of the Byzantine Empires... Siege of Nicaea may refer to: Siege of Nicaea (1097), part of the First Crusade. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Events Augustiner brew Munich May 1 - Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton - England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence May 12 - Nicholas V is consecrated at St Peters Basilica in Rome by the bishop of Venice. ... Events September 8 - Stefan Dusan declares himself king of Serbia Start of the reign of Emperor Kogon of Japan, first of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders Births Coluccio Salutati, Florentine political leader (died 1406) Deaths January 14 - Odoric, Italian explorer October 27 - Abulfeda, Arab historian and geographer (born 1273) Categories: 1331... Byzantine Greeks or Byzantines, is a conventional term used by modern historians to refer to the medieval Greek or Hellenized citizens of the Byzantine Empire, centered mainly in Constantinople, southern Balkans, the Greek islands, the coasts of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) and the large urban centres of Near East and... The Ottoman Turks were the ethnic subdivision of the Turkish people who dominated the ruling class of the Ottoman Empire. ... Ottoman redirects here. ...

Background

Following the recapture of Constantinople from the Latins, the Byzantines concentrated their efforts in restoring their hold on Greece. Troops had to be taken from the eastern front in Anatolia and into the Peloponesse, with the disastrous consequence that what land the Nicaean empire held in Anatolia was now open to Ottoman raids. With the raids increasing in frequency and ferocity, Byzantine imperial authority rolled back from Anatolia. The Latins were an ancient Italic people who migrated to central Italy, (Latium Vetus - Old Latium), in the 2nd millennium B.C., maybe from the Adriatic East Coast and Balkanic Area, perhaps from pressures by Illyrian peoples. ...

Siege

By 1326, lands around Nicaea had fallen into his hands and he had captured the city of Bursa, establishing a cpoo dangerously close to the Byzantine capital of Constantinople. In 1328, Orkhan, Osman's son, began the siege of Nicaea, which had been in a state of permanent blockade since 1301. A Byzantine relief army was defeated by the Ottomans and the city proper fell in 1331. Events Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Osman I (1299-1326) to Orhan I (1326-1359) Aradia de Toscano, is initiated into a Dianic cult of Italian Witchcraft (Stregheria), and discovers through a vision that she is the human incarnation of the goddess Aradia. ... Iznik ceramic pitcher with flower decoration from ca. ... For other uses, see Bursa (disambiguation). ... Byzantine redirects here. ... This article is about the city before the Fall of Constantinople (1453). ... Orhan (Turkish: also Orhan Gazi or Orkhan) (1284–1359), was the second bey (chief) of the newborn Ottoman Empire (at the time known as the Osmanli tribe) from 1326 to 1359. ... Events February 7 - Edward of Caernarvon (later King Edward II of England) becomes the first Prince of Wales End of the reign of Emperor Go-Fushimi, emperor of Japan Emperor Go-Nijō ascends to the throne of Japan Dante was sent into Exile in Florence. ...

Legacy

Nicaea had been in Turkish hands before. It was reconquered by the First Crusade through Byzantine diplomacy in 1097. It had served as the capital of the Greek emperors during the period of the Latin Empire from 1204 to 1261. It was the most important Asian city in the Empire at the time of its fall to Osman. There were no Crusaders left then to retake it. The Ottoman conquests continued apace and Nicomedia fell in 1337. Combatants Christendom, Catholicism West European Christians, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia Seljuks, Arabs and other Muslims The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II with the dual goals of liberating the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslims and freeing the Eastern Christians from Muslim... Events Edgar I deposes Donald III to become king of Scotland. ... The Latin Empire, Empire of Nicaea, Empire of Trebizond and the Despotate of Epirus. ... [Neilhughandafriendlypeasant. ... Events July 25 - Constantinople re-captured by Nicaean forces under the command of Michael VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine Empire re-formed August 29 - Urban IV becomes Pope, the last man to do so without being a Cardinal first Bela IV of Hungary repels Tatar invasion Charles of Anjou given rule of... Nicomedia (modern Ä°zmit, also known as Iznik) was founded by Nicomedes I of Bithynia at the head of the Gulf of Astacus (which opens on the Propontis) in 264 BC. The city has ever since been one of the chief towns in this part of Asia Minor. ... // March 16 - Edward, the Black Prince is created Duke of Cornwall. ...

See also

Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 502 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (858 × 1024 pixel, file size: 503 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Artillery troop image on the Ottoman coat of arms From: http://www. ...

References

• R.G. Grant, Battle: A Visual Journey Through 5,000 Years of Combat, Dorling Kindersley Publishers Ltd, 2005. ISBN 0756613604