NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Siege of Osaka

The Siege of Osaka (大坂の役 Ōsaka no Eki^?), more commonly called (大坂の陣 Ōsaka no Jin^?), was a series of battles undertaken by the Tokugawa shogunate against the Toyotomi clan, and ending in that clan's destruction. Divided into two stages (Winter Campaign and Summer Campaign), and lasting from 1614 to 1615, the siege put an end to the last major armed opposition to the shogunate's establishment. The end of the conflict is sometimes called the Genna Armistice (元和偃武 Genna Enbu^?), because the era name was changed from Keichō to Genna immediately following the siege. The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 743 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1165 Ã— 940 pixel, file size: 536 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of... A map of Japan in FranÃ§ois Carons A True Description of the Mighty Kingdoms of Japan and Siam. FranÃ§ois Caron (1600-1673), was a French Huguenot refugee to the Netherlands who entered the Dutch East India Company, and becomes the first French person to set foot in... is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events April 5 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events June 2 - First RÃ©collet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France. ... Events June 2 - First RÃ©collet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France. ... Osaka Castle Osaka Castle (å¤§å‚åŸŽãƒ»å¤§é˜ªåŸŽ; ÅŒsaka-jÅ) is a castle in Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan. ... Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of HonshÅ«. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (å¾³å·å¹•åºœ) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (å¾³å·å¹•åºœ) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... The Toyotomi family was powerful in the late Sengoku period in Japan. ... Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu The Tokugawa clan crest This is a Japanese name; the family name is Tokugawa Tokugawa Ieyasu (previously spelled Iyeyasu) January 31, 1543 â€“ June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until... Grave of Toyotomi Clan at Mount Koya Toyotomi Hideyori (è±Šè‡£ ç§€é ¼ Toyotomi Hideyori), 1593-1615, was the son and designated successor of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the general who first united all of Japan. ... Combatants Tokugawa shogunate Toyotomi clan Commanders Tokugawa Ieyasu ? Strength 1,500 600 Casualties The Battle of Imafuku was fought in late November of 1614 between the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu and the Toyotomi. ... Combatants Tokugawa shogunate Toyotomi clan Commanders Uesugi Kagekatsu, Niwa Nagashige, Horio Tadatoki Unknown Strength 5000 2000 The battle of Shigeno, fought in the final months of 1614, was one element in the siege of Osaka, a series of attempts by the Tokugawa shogunate to quell the last resistance to its... Combatants Tokugawa shogunate Toyotomi clan Commanders Ishikawa Tadafusa, Hachisuka Yoshishige Unknown Strength 2300+ Unknown The 1614 battle of the Kizugawa(æœ¨æ´¥å·ã®æˆ¦ã„) was one of a number of battles surrounding the siege of Osaka, in which the Tokugawa shogunate destroyed the Toyotomi clan, the last major opposition to its control of Japan. ... Combatants Tokugawa shogunate Toyotomi clan Commanders Asano Nagaakira ÅŒno Harunaga, Hanawa Naoyuki, Okabe Noritsuna Strength 5000 3000 Casualties The battle of Kashii was the first battle of the Summer Campaign of the 1615 Siege of Osaka. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The Battle of Tennoji was fought in 1615 between the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu and the forces of Toyotomi Hideyori. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 475 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (712 Ã— 898 pixel, file size: 326 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Complete photo This photograph shows part of the inscription on the bell at Hokoji in Kyoto, Japan. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 475 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (712 Ã— 898 pixel, file size: 326 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Complete photo This photograph shows part of the inscription on the bell at Hokoji in Kyoto, Japan. ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (å¾³å·å¹•åºœ) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... Toyotomi clan was a clan that thrived throughout the Sengoku period of the 16th century of Japan, originating in the province of Owari. ... Events April 5 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. ... Events June 2 - First RÃ©collet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France. ... Japanese era name (å¹´å·, nengÅ, lit. ... KeichÅ (æ…¶é•·) was a Japanese era after Bunroku and before Genna and spanned from 1596 to 1615. ... For the crime family, see Genna (crime family). ...

Outset

When Toyotomi Hideyoshi died in 1598, Japan came to be governed by the Council of Five Elders, among whom Tokugawa Ieyasu possessed the most authority. After defeating Ishida Mitsunari in the battle of Sekigahara, Ieyasu essentially seized control of Japan for himself, and abolished the Council. In 1603, the Tokugawa shogunate was established, with its capital at Edo. Ieyasu sought to establish a powerful and stable regime under the rule of his own clan; only the Toyotomi, led by Hideyoshi's son Toyotomi Hideyori and based at Osaka, remained as an obstacle to that goal. This is a Japanese name; the family name is Toyotomi Toyotomi Hideyoshi ) February 2, 1536 or March 26, 1537 â€“ September 18, 1598) was a sengoku daimyo who unified Japan. ... Events January 7 - Boris Godunov seizes the throne of Russia following the death of his brother-in-law, Tsar Feodor I. April 13 - Edict of Nantes - Henry IV of France grants French Huguenots equal rights with Catholics. ... The council of five regents, also known as the five TairÅ (äº”å¤§è€ go-tairÅ), was formed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi to rule Japan in the place of his son, Hideyori, until such time as he came of age. ... Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu The Tokugawa clan crest This is a Japanese name; the family name is Tokugawa Tokugawa Ieyasu (previously spelled Iyeyasu) January 31, 1543 â€“ June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until... Ishida Mitsunari (çŸ³ç”° ä¸‰æˆ Ishida Mitsunari 1560 - November 6, 1600) was a samurai who led the West side in the Battle of Sekigahara. ... Combatants Forces loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, many clans from Western Japan Forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu, Clans of Eastern Japan Commanders Ishida Mitsunari, MÅri Terumoto, others Tokugawa Ieyasu, others Strength Approximately 100000 Approximately 80000 Casualties 5000-32000 dead Otani Yoshitsugu Shimazu Toyohisa Unknown; but not excessive The Battle of Sekigahara... Year 1603 (MDCIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (å¾³å·å¹•åºœ) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... Edo (Japanese: , literally: bay-door, estuary, pronounced //), once also spelled Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo. ... Grave of Toyotomi Clan at Mount Koya Toyotomi Hideyori (è±Šè‡£ ç§€é ¼ Toyotomi Hideyori), 1593-1615, was the son and designated successor of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the general who first united all of Japan. ... Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of HonshÅ«. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ...

Winter Campaign

In 1614, the Toyotomi clan rebuilt Osaka Castle, along with Hōkō-ji. The renovations included a bell, with an inscription that read "May the state be peaceful and prosperous; In the East it greets the pale moon, and in the West bids farewell to the setting sun.". The shogunate, which had its power base in the eastern provinces, interpreted this as an insult, and tensions began to grow between the Tokugawa and the Toyotomi clan. The tension was only increased when Toyotomi Hideyori began to gather a force of ronin and enemies of the shogunate in Osaka. By November of that year, Ieyasu, despite having passed the title of Shogun on to his son in 1605, nevertheless maintained significant influence, and decided not to let this force grow any larger, leading 164,000 men to Osaka (the count does not include the troops of Shimazu Tadatsune, an ally of the Toyotomi cause who nevertheless did not send troops to Osaka). Osaka Castle Osaka Castle (å¤§å‚åŸŽãƒ»å¤§é˜ªåŸŽ; ÅŒsaka-jÅ) is a castle in Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan. ... For other temples named HÅkÅ-ji, see HÅkÅ-ji. ... Graves of the forty-seven Ronin at Sengaku-ji Ronin robbing a merchants house in Japan around 1860 (1) For other uses, see Ronin (disambiguation). ... Shimazu Tadatsune (島津忠恒; November 27, 1576-April 7, 1638) was the third son of Shimazu Yoshihiro and the first ruler of Satsuma han. ...

The siege was begun on November 19, when Ieyasu led three thousand men across the Kizu River, destroying the fort there. A week later, he attacked the village of Imafuku with 1,500 men, against a defending force of 600. With the aid of a squad wielding arquebuses, the shogunal forces claimed another victory. Several more small forts and villages were attacked before the siege on Osaka Castle itself began on December 4. is the 323rd day of the year (324th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Tokugawa shogunate Toyotomi clan Commanders Tokugawa Ieyasu ? Strength 1,500 600 Casualties The Battle of Imafuku was fought in late November of 1614 between the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu and the Toyotomi. ... Japanese arquebus of the Edo era (teppÅ) Example of an arquebus The arquebus (sometimes spelled harquebus, harkbus[1] or hackbut; from Dutch haakbus, meaning hook gun[2]) was a primitive firearm used in the 15th to 17th centuries. ... is the 338th day of the year (339th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Sanada-maru was an earthwork barbican defended by Sanada Yukimura and 7,000 men, on behalf of the Toyotomi. The Shogun's armies were repeatedly repelled, and Sanada and his men launched a number of attacks against the siege lines, breaking through three times. Ieyasu then resorted to artillery, bringing in 300 cannon, as well as men to dig under the walls. On January 22, the Winter Siege was ended, with Toyotomi Hideyori pledging to not rise in rebellion, and allowing the moat of Osaka castle to be filled in. Sanada Saemon-no-Suke Yukimura , 1567â€“June 3, 1615) was a Japanese samurai, second son of the Sengoku period daimyo Sanada Masayuki (çœŸç”°æ˜Œå¹¸). His proper name was Sanada Nobushige (çœŸç”°ä¿¡ç¹), named after Takeda Shingens younger brother Takeda Nobushige ï¼ˆæ¦ç”°ä¿¡ç¹), who was a brave and respected warrior. ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Summer Campaign

In April 1615, Ieyasu received word that Toyotomi Hideyori was gathering even more troops than in the previous November, and that he was trying to stop the filling of the moat. Toyotomi forces (often called the Western Army) began to attack contingents of the Shogun's forces (the Eastern Army) near Osaka. Commanded by Ban Danemon, they raided Wakayama Castle, a coastal fortress belonging to Asano Nagaakira, an ally of the Shogun, on April 29. Asano's men sallied forth from the castle, attacking the invaders, and driving them off. By early June, the Eastern army had arrived, before Hideyori managed to secure any land to use against them. At the battle of Dōmyōji, on June 2, 2,600 of his men encountered 23,000 of the Eastern Army. Hideyori's commander at the battle, Gotō Matabei, attempted to retreat into the fog, but the battle was lost and he was killed. After this, Tokugawa forces intercepted those of Toyotomi general Sanada Yukimura at Honta-Ryo. Sanada tried to force a battle with Date Masamune, but Date retainer Katakura Shigenaga retreated since his troops were exhausted; Sanada's forces followed suit. Ban Danemon ) (1567-1615) Ban Danemon, a warrior contributing very much to the Toyotomi clan. ... Wakayama Castle (和歌山城) in Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, was originally built in 1585, under the supervision of Toyotomi Hidenaga, brother to Toyotomi Hideyoshi. ... Asano Nagaakira )(1586-1632) was daimyÅ (feudal lord) of Wakayama Castle, and later the han (fief) of Hiroshima. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... is the 153rd day of the year (154th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Katakura Shigenaga ) (1585-1659) was the son of Katakura Kagetsuna. ...

The same night, Chōsokabe Morichika and Tōdō Takatora battled at Yao. Another battle took place at Wakae around the same time, between Kimura Shigenari and Ii Naotaka. Chōsokabe's forces achieved victory, but Kimura Shigenari was defected by the left wing of Ii Naotaka's army. The main Tokugawa forces moved to assist Todo Takatora after Shigenari's death, and Chōsokabe withdrew for the time being. ChÅsokabe Morichika ) (1575-June 11, 1615) was a Japanese samurai of the Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period. ... TÅdÅ Takatora and the castle of Imabari TÅdÅ Takatora ) (1556-1630) was a Japanese Daimyo or Lord following the Azuchi-Momoyama period of the 16th century. ... Kimura Shigenari ) (????-1615) Kimura Shigenari, an officer under the Toyotomi clan. ... Ii Natotaka ) (1590-1659) The second son of the famous Red Devil of li, Ii Naomasa. ...

After another series of shogunate victories on the outskirts of Osaka, the Summer Campaign came to a head at the battle of Tennoji. Hideyori planned a hammer-and-anvil operation, in which 55,000 men would attack the center of the Eastern Army, while a second force, of 16,500 men, would flank them from the rear. Another contingent waited in reserve. Ieyasu's army was led by his son, the Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada, and numbered around 155,000. They moved in four parallel lines, prepared to make flanking maneuvers of their own. Mistakes on both sides nearly ruined the battle, as Hideyori's ronin split off from the main group, and Hidetada's reserve force moved up without orders from the main force. In the end, however, Hideyori's commander Sanada Yukimura was killed, destroying the morale of the Western Army. The smaller force led directly by Hideyori sallied forth from Osaka Castle too late, and was chased right back into the castle by the advancing enemies; there was no time to set up a proper defense of the castle, and it was soon ablaze, and being pummeled by artillery fire. Hideyori committed seppuku, and the final major uprising against Tokugawa rule was put to an end, leaving the shogunate unchallenged for another 250 or so years. Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of HonshÅ«. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ... The Battle of Tennoji was fought in 1615 between the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu and the forces of Toyotomi Hideyori. ... Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada Tokugawa Hidetada May 2, 1579â€”March 14, 1632) was the second shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty, who ruled from 1605 until his abdication in 1623. ... Seppuku (Japanese: åˆ‡è…¹, belly-cutting) is a form of Japanese ritual suicide by disembowelment. ...

History indicates that the legendary swordsman Miyamoto Musashi participated in the battle on the Toyotomi side. It is unknown how he fared but what is known is that Musashi was spared by Ieyasu for unknown reasons. This is a Japanese name; the family name is Miyamoto Miyamoto Musashi ) (c. ...

Aftermath

Hideyori's son Toyotomi Kunimatsu (age 8) was captured by the shogunate and beheaded in Kyoto. Naahime, daughter of Hideyori and his concubine, was not sentenced to death. She later became a nun at Kamakura's Tōkei-ji. Hideyoshi's grave was destroyed by the shogunate, along with Kyoto's Tomokuri Shrine. Chōsokabe Morichika was beheaded on May 11 while his gang member Ono Harunaga, who was wanted for over 10 years, was killed on June 27. Toyotomi Kunimatsu (????-1615) a member of the Japanese clan of Toyotomi following the Edo period of the 17th century. ... Kyoto ) is a city in the central part of the island of HonshÅ«, Japan. ... A swampy marsh area ... For other uses, see Nun (disambiguation). ... Kamakuras location in Japan Crowds of visitors in Kamakura (Tsurugaoka Hachiman Shrine) Great Buddha at KÅtoku-in Kamakura (Japanese: éŽŒå€‰å¸‚; -shi) is a city located in Kanagawa, Japan, about 50 km south-south-west of Tokyo (to which it is linked by the railway line to Yokosuka). ... TÅkei-ji (æ±æ…¶å¯º) is a Buddhist temple in the city of Kamakura in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. ... is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The bakufu obtained 650,000 koku at Osaka and started rebuilding Osaka Castle. Osaka was then made a han (feudal domain), and given to Matsudaira Tadayoshi. In 1619, however, the shogunate replaced Osaka Domain with Osaka Jodai, placed under the command of a bugyō who served the shogunate directly; like many of Japan's other major cities, Osaka was for the remainder of the Edo period not part of a han under the control of a daimyō. A few daimyō including Naitō Nobumasa (Takatsuki Castle, Settsu Province 20,000 koku) and Mizuno Katsushige (Yamato Koriyama, Yamato Province 60,000 koku) moved to Osaka. A koku ) is a unit of volume in Japan, equal to ten cubic shaku. ... Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of HonshÅ«. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ... The han ) were the fiefs of feudal lords of Japan that were created by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and existed until their abolition in 1871, three years after the Meiji Restoration. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... BugyÅ (å¥‰è¡Œ), often translated as commissioner, was a title assigned to government officers in pre-modern Japan; other terms would be added to the title to describe more specifically a given commissioners tasks or jurisdiction. ... The han ) were the fiefs of feudal lords of Japan that were created by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and existed until their abolition in 1871, three years after the Meiji Restoration. ... Daimyo Matsudaira Katamori visits the residence of a retainer. ...

The Toyotomi clan was then disbanded. Tadanao was the first to arrive at Osaka Castle. He turned down the land reward, but instead received chaki. The lords of the castle over time thus were Ashikaga Yoshimasa, followed by Oda Nobunaga, Tokugawa Ieyasu, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Ukita Hideie, and finally Hatsuhana Katatsuki. Toyotomi clan was a clan that thrived throughout the Sengoku period of the 16th century of Japan, originating in the province of Owari. ... A typical lacquerware natsume (a chaki made of wood). ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

After the fall of the castle, the shogunate announced laws including Ikkuni Ichijōrei (one province can contain only one castle) and Bukeshohatto (or called Law of Buke, which limits each daimyō to own only one castle and obey the castle restrictions). The shogunate's permission had to be obtained prior to any castle construction or repair from then on. Many castles were also forced to be destroyed as a result of compliance with this law.

Despite finally uniting the land and bringing peace, Ieyasu's health was failing. During the grueling one year campaign against his final adversary, he received wounds that significantly shortened his life. Roughly one year later on June 1 1616, Tokugawa Ieyasu, the third and last of the great unifiers, died at the age of 75, leaving the shogunate and the land to his descendants.

In Popular Culture

The fall of Osaka is (For most of the characters) the final level in the Samurai Warriors series, also serving as the climax of Hattori Hanzo's, Ieyasu's and Yukimura's stories. Called the "Osaka Campaign", it compiles all the battles of the Winter and Summer Campaigns. This article is about the video game. ... Hattori Hanzō (服部半蔵)(1541-1596), also known as Masanari and as Masashige, was the son of a certain Hattori Yasunaga. ...

References

The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

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