The Siege of Santiago also known as the Siege of Santiago de Cuba was the last major operation of the The Spanish-American War took place in 1898, and resulted in the United States of America gaining control over the former colonies of Spain in the Caribbean and Pacific. Background For several centuries Spains position as a world power had been slipping away. By the late nineteenth century the... Spanish-American War on the island of The Republic of Cuba is an archipelago in the northern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. To the north are found the United States and the Bahamas, to the west Mexico, to the south the Cayman Islands and... Cuba. This action should not be confused with the naval The Battle of Santiago de Cuba, fought on 3 July 1898, was the largest naval engagement of the Spanish-American War, and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish Caribbean Squadron (also known as the Flota del Ultramar) and dashed the hopes of Spain for preventing a blockade of Cuba... battle of Santiago de Cuba.

Santiago Campaign

The primary objective of the Americans on The Republic of Cuba is an archipelago in the northern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. To the north are found the United States and the Bahamas, to the west Mexico, to the south the Cayman Islands and... Cuba had been the capture of the city of Santiago de Cuba is the capital city of Santiago de Cuba Province in eastern Cuba. Santiago de Cuba is located on the south-east of the island, some 540 miles east south-east of Havana, at 20.01°N, 75.82°W. Historically Santiago de Cuba has long been the... Santiago de Cuba. U.S. forces had driven back the Spaniard's first line of defense at the The Battle of Las Guasimas was the first true clash of arms in the Cuban campaign of the Spanish-American War. A contingent of Spaniards, having fought a skirmish with American landing forces near Siboney on June 23, had retired to their lightly entrenched positions at Las Guasimas and repulsed... Battle of Las Guasimas. General Arsenio Linares pulled his troops back to the main line of defense against Santiago along San Juan Heights. In the charge at the Battle of San Juan Hill Conflict Spanish-American War Date July 1, 1898 Place near Santiago, Cuba Result American victory The Battle of San Juan Hill was the bloodiest and most famous battle of the Spanish-American War. At San Juan Hill, 750 Spanish soldiers were ordered to hold the... Battle of San Juan Hill U.S. forces captured the Spanish position. At the The Battle of El Caney was fought on July 1, 1898, during the Spanish-American War. At El Caney, five hundred Spanish soldiers under General Joaquín Vara de Rey were instructed to hold the northwest flank of Santiago against an American advance. Despite having no machine guns and being... Battle of El Caney the same day, U.S. forces took the fortified Spanish position and were then able to extend the U.S. flank on San Juan Hill. The destruction of the Spanish fleet at the The Battle of Santiago de Cuba, fought on 3 July 1898, was the largest naval engagement of the Spanish-American War, and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish Caribbean Squadron (also known as the Flota del Ultramar) and dashed the hopes of Spain for preventing a blockade of Cuba... Battle of Santiago de Cuba allowed U.S forces to safely besiege the city.

The Siege

On July 3 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE55Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE60Fixes.css; /**/ July 3 From Wikipedia July 3rd is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 181 days remaining. Events 300-1899 323 - Battle of Adrianople... July 3, the same day as the The Battle of Santiago de Cuba, fought on 3 July 1898, was the largest naval engagement of the Spanish-American War, and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish Caribbean Squadron (also known as the Flota del Ultramar) and dashed the hopes of Spain for preventing a blockade of Cuba... Battle of Santiago de Cuba, Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. It is derieved from the older rank of Sergeant Major General. A major general is a high-ranking officer subordinate to a full General. In the United States... Major General William Rufus Shafter (1835-1906) was a Major General in the United States Army. Fort Shafter, Hawaii is named for him. He took part in the Spanish-American War Having appeared in two early films, he was listed as the actor with the biggest known finite Bacon number (10): William... William "Pecos Bill" Shafter began the siege of Santiago. Shafter fortified his position on San Juan Heights. General Henry W. Lawton's division moved up from El Caney (also Caney) is a small village 4 miles (6.4 km) to the northeast of Santiago, Cuba. Chiefly known in centuries past as the site where Hernán Cortés received a vision supposedly ordering him to Christianize Mexico, the town was host to the Battle of El... El Caney extending the U.S. right flank to the north. To the northwest Cuban Rebels under the command of Calixto Garcia was born on August 4, 1839 in Holguin. Garcia was of Cuban-Creole descent and was a large, strong, educated man with a short fuse. Garcia was the grandson of Calixto Garcia de Luna e Izquierdo. Garcias grandfather had fought in the Battle of Carabobo in what... Calixto Garcia extended the U.S. line to the bay. General Arsenio Linares had been severely wounded at the Battle of San Juan Hill Conflict Spanish-American War Date July 1, 1898 Place near Santiago, Cuba Result American victory The Battle of San Juan Hill was the bloodiest and most famous battle of the Spanish-American War. At San Juan Hill, 750 Spanish soldiers were ordered to hold the... Battle of San Juan Hill and was replace by General Jose Toral. Toral had a good defensive position and Shafter knew he would sustain severe casualties from a frontal assault. Instead the Americans pounded the city with their artillery on the heights and choked out all water and food supplies to the city. On July 3 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE55Fixes.css; @import /skins/monobook/IE60Fixes.css; /**/ July 3 From Wikipedia July 3rd is the 184th day of the year (185th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 181 days remaining. Events 300-1899 323 - Battle of Adrianople... July 3 a relief column was able to fight it's way through Garcia's rebels and into the city bringing Toral's force to a total of 13,500. On July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 180 days remaining. Events 993 - Saint Ulrich of Augsburg canonized. 1054 - A supernova is observed by the Chinese and Amerindians near the star ζ Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough... July 4 a cease fire was enacted to evacuate roughly 20,000 citizens from the city. On July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 176 days remaining. Events 1099 - First Crusade: 15,000 starving Christian soldiers march in religious procession around Jerusalem as its Muslim defenders mocked them. 1497 - Vasco da Gama sets sail on first... July 8 Toral proposed to Santiago if his troops could be evacuated to another city. Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... Washington officials would not accept Toral's proposal. Shafter was now pressed for time. Disease had began to take its toll on the U.S. forces and the officials in Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... Washington wanted results. Shafter and the U.S. Navy under Rear Admiral William Thomas Sampson William Thomas Sampson (9 February 1840 – 6 May 1902) was a United States Navy admiral known for his victory in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba during the Spanish-American War. He was born in Palmyra, New York, and entered the United States Naval... William T. Sampson continued to bomb the city.

The Surrender

Everyone involved wanted a quick end to the campaign. Major General Nelson Appleton Miles (August 8, 1839 – May 15, 1925) was an American soldier who served in the American Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish-American War. He was born near Westminster, Massachusetts on his familys farm. Miles worked in Boston and attended night school, read military history... Nelson A. Miles, the Commander-in-Chief (in NATO-lingo often C-in-C or CINC pronounced sink) is the commander of all the military forces within a particular region or of all the military forces of a state. While well-known Commanders-in-Chief often have been senior generals, many countries have the... commander-in-chief of the U.S. Army, arrived on The Republic of Cuba is an archipelago in the northern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. To the north are found the United States and the Bahamas, to the west Mexico, to the south the Cayman Islands and... Cuba and on July 13th is the 194th day (195th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 171 days remaining. Events 1558 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines. 1643 - English Civil... July 13 Toral, Shafter and Miles met between lines to discuss surrender terms. In order to keep the Spanish happy and bring about a quick surrender Shafter and Miles avoided the word "surrender". On July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 167 days remaining. Events 100-1899 180 - Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa, executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world. 1762... July 17 after both governments agreed to the terms, Toral surrendered Santiago and its garrison along with Guantanamo and San Luis.

Aftermath

The Siege of Santiago effectively ended the fighting on The Republic of Cuba is an archipelago in the northern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. To the north are found the United States and the Bahamas, to the west Mexico, to the south the Cayman Islands and... Cuba, but the war was not yet over. Yellow fever had spread through the army before the surrender had taken place and some 4,000 U.S. soldiers were ill. Many officers, notably Theodore Roosevelt ( October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the twenty-fifth ( 1901) Vice President and the twenty-sixth ( 1901- 1909) President of the United States, succeeding to the office upon the assassination of William McKinley. At 42, Roosevelt was the youngest person ever to serve as President of... Theodore Roosevelt, fought for the removal of the army from Cuba, which was recalled and sent to containment camps in coastal cities in the U.S to deal with the infected troops. Plans were made for a major assault on This article is about the Cuban city. For other places named Havana, please see Havana (disambiguation) Havana (Spanish: San Cristóbal de La Habana) is the capital of Cuba and, with a population of 2.1 million, the largest city in the Caribbean. History Conquistador Diego Velázquez de Cu... Havana, Cuba but the next major campaign of the war came on This article is about Puerto Rico, the territory of the United States. For the board game, see Puerto Rico (game) The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico) is a self-governing unincorporated organized territory of the United States located east of the Dominican Republic in... Puerto Rico personally led by General Miles.

Sources

• Konstam, Angus San Juan Hill 1898: America's Emergence as a World Power(1998)
• Marrin, Albert The Spanish-American War(1991)

See also

• The following are known Battles of the Spanish-American War... This list includes all major engagements and most reported skirmishes of the Spain) and April 25 (United States). This list is a work in progress as new skirmishes and battles are discovered over the course of reading and research. List... Battles of the Spanish-American War
• The Battle of Santiago de Cuba, fought on 3 July 1898, was the largest naval engagement of the Spanish-American War, and resulted in the destruction of the Spanish Caribbean Squadron (also known as the Flota del Ultramar) and dashed the hopes of Spain for preventing a blockade of Cuba... Battle of Santiago de Cuba
  
• Battle of San Juan Hill Conflict Spanish-American War Date July 1, 1898 Place near Santiago, Cuba Result American victory The Battle of San Juan Hill was the bloodiest and most famous battle of the Spanish-American War. At San Juan Hill, 750 Spanish soldiers were ordered to hold the... Battle of San Juan Hill