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Encyclopedia > Siege of Strasbourg
Siege of Strasbourg

Conflict: Franco-Prussian War
Date: 15 August-28 September 1870
Location: Strasbourg, France
Outcome: German victory
Combatants
Baden
Württemberg
France
Commanders
Carl Wilhelm von Werder General Uhrich
Strength
40,000 17,000
Casualties
 ? 17,000 surrendered
Franco-Prussian War
WissembourgSpicherenWorth – Colombey – Strasbourg – Mars-La-Tour – GravelotteMetz – Beaumont – Noiseville – Sedan – Bellevue – Amiens – Beaune-La-Rolande – Villiers – Hallue – Bapuame – Lisaine – BuzenvalSt. QuentinParisBelfort

The Siege of Strasbourg took place during Franco-Prussian War. The siege resulted in the French surrender of the fortress on 28 September 1870. The Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870 – May 10, 1871) was fought between France and Prussia (backed by the North German Confederation) allied with the south German states of Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg. ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (272nd in leap years). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... City motto: – City proper (commune) Région Alsace Département Bas-Rhin (67) Mayor Fabienne Keller (UMP) (since 2001) Area 78. ... For other uses, see Baden (disambiguation). ... Württemberg (often spelled Wurttemberg in English) refers to an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in south-western Germany. ... Image File history File links White_flag_icon. ... The Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870 – May 10, 1871) was fought between France and Prussia (backed by the North German Confederation) allied with the south German states of Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg. ... The Battle of Wissembourg or Weissenburg was the first battle of the Franco-Prussian War. ... Battle of Spicheren Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date August 6, 1870 Place near Saarbrucken, France Result German victory The Battle of Spicheren, also known as the Battle of Forbach, was a battle during the Franco-Prussian War. ... Battle of Wörth/Fröschwiller Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date August 6, 1870 Place Fröschwiller, Wörth, France Result Decisive German victory The Battle of Wörth, also known as the Battle of Reichshoffen or as the Battle of Fröschwiller, occurred on 6 August 1870 in the opening stages of the Franco-Prussian... Battle of Mars-La-Tour Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date August 16, 1870 Place Mars-La-Tour, France Result Prussian victory The Battle of Mars-La-Tour was fought on 16 August 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War near the town of Mars-La-Tour in north-east France. ... Battle of Gravelotte Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date August 18, 1870 Place Gravelotte, France Result French tactical victory Prussian strategic victory The Battle of Gravelotte (August 18, 1870), was named after a village of Lorraine between Metz and the French frontier. ... Siege of Metz Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date September 3 – October 23, 1870 Place Metz, France Result Decisive Prussian victory The Siege of Metz lasting from September 3 – October 23, 1870 was a crushing defeat for the French during the Franco-Prussian War. ... The Battle of Sedan was fought during the Franco-Prussian War on September 1, 1870. ... The Battle of Villiers was the largest of the French sorties from besieged Paris during the Franco-Prussian War. ... The Battle of Buzenval, also known as the Battle of Mont Valerien was part of the siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War. ... Battle of St. ... The Siege of Paris lasting from September 19, 1870 – January 28, 1871 brought about French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War and led to the establishment of the German Empire. ... The Siege of Belfort was a lengthy siege during the Franco-Prussian War. ... The Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870 – May 10, 1871) was fought between France and Prussia (backed by the North German Confederation) allied with the south German states of Baden, Bavaria and Württemberg. ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (272nd in leap years). ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Contents


Background

After the battle of Worth, Crown Prince Frederick detached General Carl Wilhelm von Werder to move south against the fortress of Strasbourg. At the time, Strasbourg (along with Metz) was considered to be one of the strongest fortresses in France. Werder's force was made up of 40,000 troops from Württemberg and Baden which lay just across the Rhine River from Strasbourg. The French garrison of 17,000 was under the command of the 68 year old General Uhrich. Battle of Wörth/Fröschwiller Conflict Franco-Prussian War Date August 6, 1870 Place Fröschwiller, Wörth, France Result Decisive German victory The Battle of Wörth, also known as the Battle of Reichshoffen or as the Battle of Fröschwiller, occurred on 6 August 1870 in the opening stages of the Franco-Prussian... There were three rulers known as Frederick (German Friedrich) III of Germany: Frederick the Handsome, Duke of Austria from 1308 to 1330, who was elected as German King in the time of Louis the Bavarian (1326) as the result of a compromise between the Houses of Wittelsbach and Habsburg. ... City motto: – City proper (commune) Région Alsace Département Bas-Rhin (67) Mayor Fabienne Keller (UMP) (since 2001) Area 78. ... City motto: Si paix dedans, paix dehors (French: If peace inside, peace outside) City proper (commune) Région Lorraine Département Moselle (57) Mayor Jean-Marie Rausch Area 41. ... Württemberg (often spelled Wurttemberg in English) refers to an area and a former state in Swabia, a region in south-western Germany. ... For other uses, see Baden (disambiguation). ... The Rhine canyon (Ruinaulta) in Graubünden in Switzerland Length 1. ...


Initial Bombardment

Werder understood the value of capturing the city and ruled out a more humane yet more lengthy siege of starvation and instead decided on a quicker action of bombing the fortifications and the civilian population into submission. On August 23 Werder's siege guns opened fire on the city and caused considerable damage to the city and many of its historical landmarks. The Archbishop of Strasbourg went to Werder to beg for a cease fire and the civilian population even suggested to Uhrich to pay 100,000 francs to Werder each day he did not bomb the city. Urhic refused to relent and soon enough Werder realized he could not keep up such a severe bombardment with the amount of ammunition he had left. August 23 is the 235th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (236th in leap years), with 130 days remaining. ...


Siege

Werder continued bombing the city this time targeting selected fortifications. The German siege lines moved rapidly closer to the city as each fortress was turned into rubble. On September 11, a delegation of Swiss officials went into the city to evacuate non-combatants. This delegation brought in news of the defeat of the French at the battle of Sedan, which meant no relief was coming to Strasbourg. On September 19 the remaining civilians urged Urich to surrender the city but he refused believing a defense was still possible. However, that same day Weder stormed and captured one of the cities fortifications. This event caused Urich to reconsider his ability to defend the city. On September 27 Urich opened negotiations with Werder and the city surrendered the following day. September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... The Battle of Sedan was fought during the Franco-Prussian War on September 1, 1870. ... September 19 is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years). ... September 27 is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 95 days remaining. ...


Aftermath

The fall of Strasbourg freed Werder's forces for further operations in southeastern France. His next move was against the city of Belfort which was invested in November. Location within France Belfort is a town and commune of northeastern France, préfecture (capital) of the Territoire de Belfort département in the Franche-Comté région. ... For other uses, see November (disambiguation). ...


Sources

  • Howard, Michael The Franco-Prussian War New York, 1962

  Results from FactBites:
 
France Guide - Department du Bas-Rhin : Strasbourg (1946 words)
Strasbourg is the seat of one of the two European Parliaments (the other being in Brussels), the European Ombudsman, the Eurocorps, as well as the Council of Europe with its European Court of Human Rights, its European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and its European Audiovisual Observatory.
Strasbourg's bicultural heritage has owed the city to be the seat of the Franco-German TV channel Arte (along with Baden-Baden).
Strasbourg was a major commercial city on the Rhine, and grew rich on the trade (and taxes on) of textiles, cereals, glass, furs, silk, spices, but also Alsatian wine, reknowned in all the Empire and as far as England and Scandinavia.
Notes on the War. Engels 1870-71 (1055 words)
It appears to be completely forgotten that the last siege carried on previous to this war, that of Sebastopol, required eleven months of open trenches before the place was reduced.
Strasbourg was loosely invested on the 10th of August, closely about the 20th, bombarded from the 23rd to the 28th, and yet the regular siege began on the 29th only.
This regular siege dates from the opening of the first parallel, a trench with the earth thrown up on the side towards the fortress, so as to hide and shelter the men passing through it.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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