| Zygmunt I Stary | Zygmunt I Stary This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. This applies worldwide. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. Click...
| | Reign | From December 8 is the 342nd day (343rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 23 days remaining. Events 1854 - Pope Pius IX proclaims the dogma of Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Virgin Mary was born free of original sin. 1886 - American Federation of Labor...
December 8, Events Leonardo da Vinci completes the Mona Lisa. Hernán Cortés, conquistador, arrives in the New World at Santo Domingo in Hispaniola, age 22. Births April 7: Francis Xavier, Jesuit Saint. Possibly Lady Margaret Lee, sister of the poet Thomas Wyatt and favourite lady-in-waiting to Queen Anne...
1506 until April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. 1318 - Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured by the Scottish from...
April 1, Events Mary I of Scotland sent to France Births Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, occultist, and heretic, (burned at the stake) 1600 Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter Carel van Mander, Dutch painter and poet (d. 1606) Francesco Soriano, Italian composer of the Roman School Simon Stevin, Dutch mathematician and engineer Tom...
1548 | | Coronation | On January 24 is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 341 days remaining (342 in leap years). Events 41 - Roman Emperor Gaius Caesar (Caligula), known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, was assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. 1438 - Pope Eugenius IV was suspended by...
January 24, Events The western continent is named America on the maps of Martin Waldseemüller. Births December 18 - Ouchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord Anne Boleyn, later second Queen consort of Henry VIII of England. (Another possible year of birth is 1502). Bálint Bakfark, Hungarian lutenist and composer Deaths March 12 - Cardinal...
1507 in the The Wawel Hill in Kraków Wawel (Polish Wzgórze wawelskie or for short Wawel) is the name of a lime hillock situated on the left bank of the Vistula in Kraków, Poland at an altitude of 228 metres above sea level. Wawel Cathedral This is a symbolic place...
Wawel Cathedral, This article needs cleanup. Please edit this article to conform to a higher standard of article quality. Motto: none Voivodship Lesser Poland Municipal government Rada miasta Kraków Mayor Jacek Majchrowski Area 326,8 km² Population - city - urban - density 757,500 (2004 est.) 1,200,000 2317...
Kraków, The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania...
Poland | | The term Royal House refers to the official designation and name of a royal family instead of surname. Reigning European Sovereign Houses Belgium: Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Denmark: Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Netherlands: Orange-Nassau Norway: Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg Spain: Bourbon (Borbón) Sweden: Bernadotte United Kingdom: Windsor...
Royal House | The Jagiellons were a royal dynasty which reigned in some Central European countries between the 14th and 16th century. Members of the dynasty were grand dukes of Lithuania 1377-1392 and 1440-1572, kings of Poland 1386-1572, kings of Hungary 1440-1444 and 1490-1526, and kings of Bohemia...
Jagiellon | | Parents | Reign From 1446 until June 7, 1492 Coronation On June 25, 1447 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Władyslaw II Jagiełło Zofia Holszańska Consorts Elżbieta Rakuszanka Children with Elżbieta Rakuszanka Władysł...
Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk Elżbieta Rakuszanka | | Consorts | Katarzyna Telniczanka Barbara Zapolya Bona Sforza Bona Sforza (born February 2, 1494 - November 19, 1557) was a queen of Poland and a second wife of Sigismund I of Poland since 1518. Bona was born in Vigevano, the daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and niece of Bianca Maria Sforza, who in 1493 had...
Bona Sforza | | Children | with Katarzyna Telniczanka Jan Regina Katarzyna with Barbara Zapolya Jadwiga Anna with Bona Sforza Bona Sforza (born February 2, 1494 - November 19, 1557) was a queen of Poland and a second wife of Sigismund I of Poland since 1518. Bona was born in Vigevano, the daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and niece of Bianca Maria Sforza, who in 1493 had...
Bona Sforza Izabela Jagiellonka Reign From April 1, 1548 until July 6, 1572 Coronation On September 15, 1697 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Zygmunt I Stary Bona Sforza Consorts Elżbieta Habsburzanka Barbara Radziwiłł Katarzyna Austriaczka Barbara Giżycka Children with Barbara Giż...
Zygmunt II August Zofia Anna Jagiellonka Catherine Jagiellonica of Poland, (1526 - 1583), was youngest daughter of Sigismund I of Poland and Bona Sforza, mother of Sigismund I of Sweden and wife of John III of Sweden. In 1563 she was imprisoned with her husband by Eric XIV of Sweden. Released in 1567. Crowned as a queen...
Katarzyna Jagiellonka Olbracht (Wojciech) | | Date of Birth | January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Here a calendar year refers to the order in which the months are displayed, January to December. The first day of the medieval Julian year was usually a day other than January 1...
January 1, Events October 29 - Battle of Brusthem: Charles the Bold defeats Liege Beginning of the Sengoku Period in Japan. Circa this year, polyalphabetic cipher invented by Leone Battista Alberti. Regent of Sweden Erik Axelsson Tott supports the re-election of deposed Charles VIII of Sweden to the throne. Births Deaths June...
1467 | | Place of Birth | Kozinice, The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania...
Poland | | Date of Death | April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. 1318 - Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured by the Scottish from...
April 1, Events Mary I of Scotland sent to France Births Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, occultist, and heretic, (burned at the stake) 1600 Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter Carel van Mander, Dutch painter and poet (d. 1606) Francesco Soriano, Italian composer of the Roman School Simon Stevin, Dutch mathematician and engineer Tom...
1548 | | Place of Death | Motto: none Voivodship Lesser Poland Municipal government Rada miasta Kraków Mayor Jacek Majchrowski Area 326,8 km² Population - city - urban - density 757,500 (2004 est.) 1,200,000 2317.93/km² Founded City rights 8th century 1257 Latitude Longitude 50°04 N...
Kraków, The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania...
Poland | | Place of Burial | The Wawel Hill in Kraków Wawel (Polish Wzgórze wawelskie or for short Wawel) is the name of a lime hillock situated on the left bank of the Vistula in Kraków, Poland at an altitude of 228 metres above sea level. Wawel Cathedral This is a symbolic place...
Wawel Cathedral, Motto: none Voivodship Lesser Poland Municipal government Rada miasta Kraków Mayor Jacek Majchrowski Area 326,8 km² Population - city - urban - density 757,500 (2004 est.) 1,200,000 2317.93/km² Founded City rights 8th century 1257 Latitude Longitude 50°04 N...
Kraków, The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania...
Poland buried on July 26 is the 207th day (208th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 158 days remaining. Events 1139 - Afonso, then a count, is procclaimed first king of Portugal and declares independence from Castile 1469 - Battle of Edgecote Moor 1581 - Plakkaat van Verlatinghe (Oath of Abjuration...
July 26, Events Mary I of Scotland sent to France Births Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, occultist, and heretic, (burned at the stake) 1600 Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter Carel van Mander, Dutch painter and poet (d. 1606) Francesco Soriano, Italian composer of the Roman School Simon Stevin, Dutch mathematician and engineer Tom...
1548 | Sigismund I the Old ( Events October 29 - Battle of Brusthem: Charles the Bold defeats Liege Beginning of the Sengoku Period in Japan. Circa this year, polyalphabetic cipher invented by Leone Battista Alberti. Regent of Sweden Erik Axelsson Tott supports the re-election of deposed Charles VIII of Sweden to the throne. Births Deaths June...
1467- Events Mary I of Scotland sent to France Births Giordano Bruno, Italian philosopher, astronomer, occultist, and heretic, (burned at the stake) 1600 Cornelis Ketel, Dutch painter Carel van Mander, Dutch painter and poet (d. 1606) Francesco Soriano, Italian composer of the Roman School Simon Stevin, Dutch mathematician and engineer Tom...
1548), Polish (polski, język polski) is the official language of Poland. History Polish has been influenced by contact with foreign languages (foremost Latin, Czech, French, German, Italian, Old Belarusian, Russian and recently it has been virtually bombarded by English, especially American English language elements). A small hint when learning...
Polish: Zygmunt I Stary, fifth ruler of the The Jagiellons were a royal dynasty which reigned in some Central European countries between the 14th and 16th century. Members of the dynasty were grand dukes of Lithuania 1377-1392 and 1440-1572, kings of Poland 1386-1572, kings of Hungary 1440-1444 and 1490-1526, and kings of Bohemia...
Jagiellonian dynasty, reigned as king of The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania...
Poland from Events Leonardo da Vinci completes the Mona Lisa. Hernán Cortés, conquistador, arrives in the New World at Santo Domingo in Hispaniola, age 22. Births April 7: Francis Xavier, Jesuit Saint. Possibly Lady Margaret Lee, sister of the poet Thomas Wyatt and favourite lady-in-waiting to Queen Anne...
1506 until his death. Before Sigismund I ruled as King of The Republic of Poland, a democratic country with a population of 38,626,349 and area of 312,685 km², is located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania...
Poland and The title of Grand Duke (Latin, Magnus Dux; German, Großherzog, Russian, Великий князь) used in Slavic, Baltic, and Germanic countries, is ranked in honour below King but higher than a sovereign Duke (Herzog) or Prince (Fürst). The feminine...
Grand Duke of The Republic of Lithuania (in Lithuanian, Lietuva) is a republic in Northeastern Europe. One of the three Baltic States along the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with fellow Baltic State Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland to the south, and the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia to the...
Lithuania, he had already been invested as duke of Please be advised that the factual accuracy of Wikipedia articles dealing with topics related to the Oder-Neisse Line is often disputed. Silesia (Polish Śląsk, German Schlesien, Czech Slezsko) is a historical region in central Europe. Most of it is now within the borders of Poland, but...
Silesia. The son of king Reign From 1446 until June 7, 1492 Coronation On June 25, 1447 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Władyslaw II Jagiełło Zofia Holszańska Consorts Elżbieta Rakuszanka Children with Elżbieta Rakuszanka Władysł...
Casimir IV of Poland and Elizabeth of The Republic of Austria ( German: Republik Österreich) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It borders Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The state is a representative democracy...
Austria, Sigismund followed his brothers Reign From September 23, 1492 until June 17, 1501 Coronation On September 23, 1492 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk Elżbieta Rakuszanka Consorts None Children None Date of Birth December 27, 1459 Place of Birth Kraków, Poland...
John Albert and Reign From December 12, 1501 until August 19, 1506 Coronation On December 12, 1501 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk Elżbieta Rakuszanka Consorts Helena Children None Date of Birth August 5, 1461 Place of Birth Kraków, Poland...
Alexander on the Polish throne. Their eldest brother Ladislaus Jagellion (in Czech Vladislav II Jagellonský, in Hungarian II. Ulászló) was the king of Bohemia from 1471 and the king of Hungary from 1490, until his death in 1516. Wladyslaw was born on March 1, 1456 as son of King Casimir IV of Poland and Lithuania, a member...
Wladislaus became the king of The Republic of Hungary (Magyar Köztársaság) or Hungary (Magyarország) is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. It is known locally as the Country of the Magyars. National motto: (none current) historical: Regnum...
Hungary and Bohemia is also a place in the State of United States of America: see Bohemia, New York. Bohemia (Čechy in Czech, Böhmen in German) is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western and middle thirds of the Czech Republic. With an area of 52,750 sq...
Bohemia. Sigismund faced the challenge of consolidating internal power to face external threats to the country. During Alexander's rule, a law " Nihil novi is a common term for Nihil novi nisi commune consensu (latin nothing new without the consensus of all), a 1505 legal act of Poland, also known as nothing about us without us. The phrase nihil novi is also used as short for the phrase, Sub sole nihil novi...
Nihil novi" had been instated, that forbade Kings of Poland from enacting laws without the consent of the This article is about the lower chamber of Polish parliament. See Seimas for the parliament of Lithuania, Saeima for the parliament of Latvia and Sejm River for a river in Russia and Ukraine. The Sejm building in Warsaw. Sejm or Seym (pronounced: [sεjm]) is the name of the...
sejm. This proved crippling in Sigismund's dealings with his Szlachta ( pronounced: [ʃlaxta]) was the noble class in Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ( Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth). Szlachta formed in the late Middle Ages and existed through the 18th century and even into the 19th century. Traditionally, szlachta were owners of landed property, often in forms of folwarks...
szlachta and For a wealthy or powerful business baron, executive, or tycoon, see business magnate Magnate is a title of nobility commonly used in Sweden, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and some other medieval empires. In medieval times, a bishop sometimes held territory as a magnate, collecting revenue of the manors and the associated...
magnates. Despite this In Greek mythology, Achilles is made invulnerable by being dipped in the river Styx by his mother, Thetis. However, his mother held him by the heel, and eventually Achilles was felled by an arrow that hit this unprotected part. Today the term Achilles heel refers to any inherent weakness. The...
Achilles heel, he established ( Events January 5 - Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, was drowned in the Limmat River in Zurich by the Zurich Reformed state church. May 6 - Spanish and German troops led by the Duke of Bourbon sack Rome (the infamous Sacco di Roma), forcing Pope Clement VII to make...
1527) a conscription army, and the bureaucracy necessary to finance it. Denar of Zygmunt I Stary. for Polish edition This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. This applies worldwide. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert...
Denar of Zygmunt I Stary. for Polish edition This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. This applies worldwide. File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert...
 A coin with the portrait of Sigismund I Intermittently at war with Vasili III Ivanovich (Russian: Василий III Иванович, also Basil) (March 25, 1479–December 3, 1533) was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1505 to 1533. He was the son of Ivan III Vasiliyevich and Sophia Paleologue...
Vasily III of This article is about Muscovite Russia. For the duck see Muscovy Duck Muscovy (Moscow principality (княжество Московское) to Grand Duchy of Moscow (Великое Княж...
Muscovy, starting in Events The western continent is named America on the maps of Martin Waldseemüller. Births December 18 - Ouchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord Anne Boleyn, later second Queen consort of Henry VIII of England. (Another possible year of birth is 1502). Bálint Bakfark, Hungarian lutenist and composer Deaths March 12 - Cardinal...
1507 (before his army was fully under his command), Events March - Louis XII of France makes peace with Emperor Maximilian. July - Peace between England and France. Albrecht Dürer makes his famous engraving Melancholia I. Births March 8 - Amago Haruhisa, Japanese samurai and warlord Shimazu Takahisa, Japanese samurai and warlord Marriages October 9 - Louis XII of France and Mary...
1514 marked the fall of The view of Smolensk in 1912 Smolensk (Russian: Смоленск; Polish Smoleńsk) is a city in western Russia, located on the Dniepr river at 54.79° North, 32.05° East, administrative center of Smolensk Oblast. Its population in 2003 is 351,100...
Smolensk (under Polish domination) to the Muscovite forces (which lent force to his arguments for the necessity of a standing army). Events June - Invasion of Persia by Sultan Selim I of the Ottoman Empire. August 23 - Battle of Chaldiran. Selim I crushes the Persian army of Shah Ismail I. September 5 - Selim captures the Persian capital of Tabriz without encountering any resistance, but is unable to hold it. September 13 - September...
1515 he entered an alliance with the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria Maximilian I of Bavaria This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. If an article link referred you here, you might want to...
Maximilian I. In return for Maximilian lending weight to the provisions of the 2nd Peace of Thorn, Sigismund consented to the marriage of the children of Ladislaus Jagellion (in Czech Vladislav II Jagellonský, in Hungarian II. Ulászló) was the king of Bohemia from 1471 and the king of Hungary from 1490, until his death in 1516. Wladyslaw was born on March 1, 1456 as son of King Casimir IV of Poland and Lithuania, a member...
Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary, his brother, to the grandchildren of Maximilian. Through this double marriage contract, Bohemia is also a place in the State of United States of America: see Bohemia, New York. Bohemia (Čechy in Czech, Böhmen in German) is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western and middle thirds of the Czech Republic. With an area of 52,750 sq...
Bohemia and The Republic of Hungary (Magyar Köztársaság) or Hungary (Magyarország) is a landlocked country in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia. It is known locally as the Country of the Magyars. National motto: (none current) historical: Regnum...
Hungary passed to the House of Habsburg (sometimes spelled Hapsburg, but never so in official use) was one of the major ruling houses of Europe. Their principal roles were as: Holy Roman Emperors (several centuries to 1806), and rulers of Austria (as dukes 1282– 1453, archdukes 1453– 1804, and emperors 1804– 1918), Kings...
Habsburg in Events January 14 - Treaty of Madrid. Peace between Francis I of France and Charles V. Francis agrees to cede Burgundy to Charles, and abandons all claims to Flanders, Artois, Naples, and Milan. May 22 - Francis repudiates the Treaty of Madrid and forms the League of Cognac against Charles, including the...
1526, on the death of Sigismund's nephew, Louis Jagellion was born in 1506 as the son of (V)Ladislaus Jagiello, who died in 1516. The minor Louis II accended to the throne of Hungary and Bohemia upon his fathers death. Louis had been adopted by emperor Maximilian I in 1515. When Maximilian I died in 1519...
Louis II. Black Eagle Hatches from the Vipers Egg. The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. This photograph of the work is also...
Black Eagle Hatches from the Vipers Egg. The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. This photograph of the work is also...
 " Categories: Stub | Polish history ...
The Prussian Tribute", oil on canvas, 1882, 388 x 875 cm, National Museum in Motto: none Voivodship Lesser Poland Municipal government Rada miasta Kraków Mayor Jacek Majchrowski Area 326,8 km² Population - city - urban - density 757,500 (2004 est.) 1,200,000 2317.93/km² Founded City rights 8th century 1257 Latitude Longitude 50°04 N...
Kraków. Albert (May 16, 1490 - March 20, 1568), (Albertus in Latin, Albrecht in German) Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and first duke of Ducal Prussia, was the third son of Frederick of Hohenzollern, prince of Ansbach and Bayreuth, and Sophia, daughter of Casimir IV Jagiello grand duke of Lithuania and...
Albrecht Hohenzollern receives the The Prussian Tribute, oil on canvas by Jan Matejko, 1882, 388 x 875 cm, National Museum in Kraków. Albrecht Hohenzollern receives the Duchy of Prussia as a fief from the Polish King, Sigismundus I the Elder in 1525. Ducal Prussia was between (1525–1657) a fief of Poland...
Duchy of Prussia as a Under the system of feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud or fee, consisted of heritable lands or revenue-producing property granted by a liege lord in return for a vassal knights service (usually fealty, military service, and security). It usually required the vassal to obey conditions of customary and specified...
fief from the Polish King, Reign From December 8, 1506 until April 1, 1548 Coronation On January 24, 1507 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk Elżbieta Rakuszanka Consorts Katarzyna Telniczanka Barbara Zapolya Bona Sforza Children with Katarzyna Telniczanka Jan Regina Katarzyna with Barbara...
Sigismundus I the Elder in Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zurich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. February 10 - Albert of Prussia committed...
1525. The Polish wars against the Teutonic Knights Castle in Malbork (Marienburg) The Teutonic Order (German: Deutscher Orden, Latin: Ordo domus Sanctæ Mariæ Theutonicorum) was a crusading order of knights under Roman Catholic religious vows which was formed at the end of the 12th century in Palestine to give medical aid to pilgrims to the holy...
Teutonic Knights ended in Events January 21 - The Swiss Anabaptist Movement was born when Conrad Grebel, Felix Manz, George Blaurock, and about a dozen others baptized each other in the home of Manzs mother on Neustadt-Gasse, Zurich, breaking a thousand-year tradition of church-state union. February 10 - Albert of Prussia committed...
1525, when Albert (May 16, 1490 - March 20, 1568), (Albertus in Latin, Albrecht in German) Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and first duke of Ducal Prussia, was the third son of Frederick of Hohenzollern, prince of Ansbach and Bayreuth, and Sophia, daughter of Casimir IV Jagiello grand duke of Lithuania and...
Albert of Brandenburg, their marshal, converted to The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. See Protestantism for further discussion. History of Lutheranism Early history Lutheranism as a movement traces its origin to the work of Martin Luther, a German religious scholar who sought to reform the practices of the...
Lutheranism, secularized the order, and paid homage to Sigismund, who in return gave him the domains of that order, as the First Duke of The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia ( German: Preußen or Preussen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: Prūsai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad...
Prussia. This was called the Categories: Stub | Polish history ...
Prussian Tribut. A daughter of Sigismund I, Jadwiga ( Events January 20 - Denmark and Norway. March 11 - Leo X elected pope. March 27 - Explorer Juan Ponce de Leon sights North America (specifically Florida) for the first time mistaking it for another island. Later, on April 2, he landed somewhere on the east coast of the newly discovered land. April...
1513- Events January - articles of Warsaw Confederation signed, sanctioning religious freedom in Poland. July - Spanish forces under the Duke of Alva capture Haarlem after a seven month siege. August-October - Unsuccessful siege of Alkmaar by Alva November - Alva resigns as Spanish Governor-General and Commander-in-Chief in the Netherlands, and...
1573), married Joachim II Hector Hohenzollern, Margrave of Brandenburg, Imperial Elector was born in 1505 and died in 1571. He succeeded his father, Joachim I Nestor, in 1535. While long drawn to the Lutheran faith and always seeking balance between Protestant and Catholic factions, Joachim II did not officially profess the Lutheran...
Joachim II of Brandenburg. In other politics, Sigismund sought a peaceful coexistence with the The Crimean Khanate (Khanate of Crimea) was an independent Turkic state (khanate) founded in 1441 by Haci Giray Khan, a descendant of Genghis Khan. Golden Horde Crimean Khanate succeded the Golden Horde rule in Crimea. See Golden Horde and Crimea#History for details about that period. Establishment of the Khanate...
Khans of Crimea, but was unable to completely end border skirmishes. Sigismund was a Humanism is a system of thought that defines a socio-political doctrine (-ism) whose bounds exceed those of locally developed cultures, to include all of humanity and all issues common to human beings. Because doctrines of cultural distinction and exclusivity are often phrased in terms of religion, secular humanism grew...
Humanist (c.f. David Hume). He and his 2nd wife, Bona Sforza Bona Sforza (born February 2, 1494 - November 19, 1557) was a queen of Poland and a second wife of Sigismund I of Poland since 1518. Bona was born in Vigevano, the daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan and niece of Bianca Maria Sforza, who in 1493 had...
Bona Sforza, daughter of Gian Galeazzo Sforza of Milan, were both patrons of By Region: Italian Renaissance Northern Renaissance -French Renaissance -German Renaissance -English Renaissance The Renaissance was a great cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. It marks the transitional period between the end of the Middle Ages and...
Renaissance culture, which began, under them, to flourish in Poland. On Sigismund's death, his son Reign From April 1, 1548 until July 6, 1572 Coronation On September 15, 1697 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Zygmunt I Stary Bona Sforza Consorts Elżbieta Habsburzanka Barbara Radziwiłł Katarzyna Austriaczka Barbara Giżycka Children with Barbara Giż...
Sigismund Augustus became the last Jagiellonian king of Poland.
See also
| Poland was ruled by dukes (c.962–1025, 1032–1076, 1079–1295, 1296–1300 and 1306–1320) and kings (1025–1032, 1076–1079, 1295–1296, 1300–1305 and 1320–1795). The best-known dynasties are the Piast (c.962–...
Kings, Dukes and High-Dukes of Poland |  | | Popiel | Siemowit is considered one of the four legendary Piast princes. However, Polish historians dispute that Siemowit and the two dukes following him where actual rulers, and only semi-legendary. Reportedly, his father, Piast, was a peasant entrusted by angels to rule Poland because of his piousness and hard-work. Three...
Siemowit | Lestko, Polish: Leszek is the second legendary duke of Poland, and son of Siemowit, born probably 930/940 Though proof of his actual existence is unclear, he had to have been a major figure in his time, due to the fact that before Poland existed as a state, the tribes...
Lestko | Siemomysł is the third legendary Polish duke, and said to be the father of Polands first historical ruler, Mieszko I. Siemomysł is credited with leaving the lands known as Greater Poland to his son, who further expanded them during his reign. Categories: Historical stubs | Legendary rulers of...
Siemomysł | Reign From c. 960 until May 25, 992 Royal House Piast Coat of Arms Orzeł Piastowski Parents Siemomysł unknown Consorts Dubrawka Oda Children with Dubrawka Bolesław I Chrobry Świętosława with Oda Mieszko Świętopełk Lambert Date of...
Mieszko I | Reign From 992 until 1025 Coronation On April 18, 1025 in Gniezno Cathedral, Poland Royal House Piast Coat of Arms Orzeł Piastowski Parents Mieszko I Dubrawka Consorts Rikdaga Judith Enmilda Oda Children with Judith Bezprym with Enmilda Regelina Mieszko II Lambert Otton with Oda Matylda Date of Birth 966...
Boleslaus I the Brave | Reign From 1025 until 1031 Coronation On December 25, 1025 in Gniezno Cathedral, Poland Royal House Piast Coat of Arms Orzeł Piastowski Parents Bolesław I Chrobry Emnilda Consorts Ryksa Children with Ryksa Boleslaw Zapomiany Kazimierz I Odnowiciel Gertruda Date of Birth 990 Place of Birth ? Date...
Mieszko II Lambert | Bezprym | Reign From 1025 until 1031 Coronation On December 25, 1025 in Gniezno Cathedral, Poland Royal House Piast Coat of Arms Orzeł Piastowski Parents Bolesław I Chrobry Emnilda Consorts Ryksa Children with Ryksa Boleslaw Zapomiany Kazimierz I Odnowiciel Gertruda Date of Birth 990 Place of Birth ? Date...
Mieszko II Lambert | Casimir I on Jan Matejkos painting Casimir I, the Restorer ( Polish: Kazimierz I Odnowiciel) ( 1015- 1058), duke of Poland, was the son of Mieszko II of Poland and Rixa von Lothringen. Casimir married Dobronega (Maria) of Kyiv and they had two children : Boleslaus II, King of Poland and...
Casimir I the Restorer | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Wroclaw ...
Boleslaus II the Generous | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | 1040 deaths | 1102 deaths ...
Wladislaus I Herman | Zbigniew | External links Map of the feudal dissolution Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | 1086 births | 1136 deaths ...
Boleslaus III the Wrymouth | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Silesia ...
Wladislaus II the Exile | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Masovia | Dukes of Silesia ...
Boleslaus IV the Curly | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Greater Poland | Dukes of Poznan | Dukes of Gniezno | Dukes of Kalisz ...
Mieszko III the Old | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Masovia ...
Casimir II the Just | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Dukes of Masovia | Polish monarchs ...
Leszek the White | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Greater Poland | Dukes of Poznan | Dukes of Gniezno | Dukes of Kalisz ...
Wladislaus III Spindleshanks | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Dukes of Masovia | Polish monarchs ...
Leszek the White | Mieszko IV Platonogi | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Dukes of Masovia | Polish monarchs ...
Leszek the White | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Greater Poland | Dukes of Poznan | Dukes of Gniezno | Dukes of Kalisz ...
Wladislaus III Spindleshanks | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Dukes of Masovia | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Sieradz-Leczyca | Prussian history ...
Konrad I of Masovia | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Sieradz-Leczyca | Dukes of Poznan | Dukes of Kalisz | Dukes of Wroclaw | Dukes of Opole ...
Henry I the Bearded | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Greater Poland | Dukes of Poznan | Dukes of Gniezno | Dukes of Kalisz | Dukes of Wroclaw | 1241 deaths ...
Henry II the Pious | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Dukes of Masovia | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Sieradz-Leczyca | Prussian history ...
Konrad I of Masovia | Categories: Poland-related stubs | 1226 births | 1279 deaths | Polish monarchs ...
Boleslaus V the Shy | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Sieradz-Leczyca ...
Leszek II the Black | See also List of Polish rulers Piast_dynasty Dukes of Silesia Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Wroclaw ...
Henry IV Probus | Przemysł II Przemysł II ( October 14, 1257 – February 8, 1296), was a duke of Poznań, Greater Poland, Kraków and Pomerania, and King of Poland from 1295 until his death. He was born to Przemysł I, duke of Greater Poland, and Elisabeth, daughter of...
Przemysł II | Wenceslaus II on Jan Matejkos painting Wenceslaus II Premyslid (Czech Václav, Polish Wacław) (September 17, 1271 - June 21, 1305). King of Bohemia (1278 - 1305). Duke of Krakow (1291 - 1305). King of Poland (1300 - 1305). Wenceslaus II was the son of Ottokar II The Great, King of...
Wenceslaus II | Wenceslaus III Premyslid (Czech and Slovak Václav, Hungarian Vencel), (October 6, 1289 - August 4, 1306) was the king of Hungary (1301 - 1305) and king of Bohemia (1305 - 1306). Wenceslaus III was the son of Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia and Poland, and Judith von Habsburg, the daughter of Holy...
Wenceslaus III | Categories: Poland-related stubs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Pomerania | Dukes of Greater Poland | Dukes of Poznan | Dukes of Gniezno | Dukes of Kalisz ...
Wladislaus I the Short | Casimir the Great Casimir III or the Great (Kazimierz Wielki), (1310-1370), King of Poland , son of Władyslaw I Łokietek (Wladyslaw the Elbow High), 1305-1333 and Jadwiga. Biography Casimir the Great married Anna, or Aldona Ona, the daughter of the duke of Lithuania, Gediminas. () Their daughter...
Casimir III the Great | Louis the Great Louis I (the Great), Ludwik Węgierski (1326 - 1382) became king of Hungary in 1342. He was the son of Charles I, king of Hungary, and was related to both the Angevin and Capetian royal families. Became a king of Poland in 1370. Louis mother was...
Louis I | Hedwig, from Gallery of Polish Kings by Jan Matejko (1838-1893) Hedwig (ca.1374 – 1399) was a Polish monarch from 1384 to 1399, venerated in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Hedwig the Queen. She is known as Hedvig in Hungarian, Jadwiga in Polish, Jadvyga in Lithuanian, and Hedwigis...
Jadwiga | Wladislaus II on Jan Matejkos painting Wladislaus II Jagiello (Polish Władysław II Jagiełło, Lithuanian Jogaila, and in Belarusian as Jahajla (Ягайла)) (c.1350-1434), grand duke of Lithuania from 1377 (or 1378) until 1392 (or 1401), became...
Wladislaus II Jagiełło | Categories: Poland-related stubs | 1424 births | 1444 deaths | Hungarian monarchs | Polish monarchs | Dukes of Sieradz-Leczyca ...
Wladislaus III of Varna | Reign From 1446 until June 7, 1492 Coronation On June 25, 1447 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Władyslaw II Jagiełło Zofia Holszańska Consorts Elżbieta Rakuszanka Children with Elżbieta Rakuszanka Władysł...
Casimir IV the Jagiellonian | Reign From September 23, 1492 until June 17, 1501 Coronation On September 23, 1492 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk Elżbieta Rakuszanka Consorts None Children None Date of Birth December 27, 1459 Place of Birth Kraków, Poland...
John I Olbracht | Reign From December 12, 1501 until August 19, 1506 Coronation On December 12, 1501 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk Elżbieta Rakuszanka Consorts Helena Children None Date of Birth August 5, 1461 Place of Birth Kraków, Poland...
Alexander the Jagiellonian | Sigismund I the Old | Reign From April 1, 1548 until July 6, 1572 Coronation On September 15, 1697 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Jagiellon Parents Zygmunt I Stary Bona Sforza Consorts Elżbieta Habsburzanka Barbara Radziwiłł Katarzyna Austriaczka Barbara Giżycka Children with Barbara Giż...
Sigismund II Augustus | Henry III (French: Henri III; Polish: Henryk III Walezy; September 19, 1551 - August 2, 1589) was King of Poland (1573-1574) and subsequently King of France (1574-1589). King Henry III Henri was born Edouard-Alexandre at the Royal Château of Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, the son of King...
Henry III | István) see: István Báthory Reign From December 9, 1575 until December 12, 1586 Elected On December 9, 1575 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation On May 1, 1576 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Noble Family Bathory Parents Stephen Bathory Catherine Telegdi Consorts Anna...
Stefan Batory | Reign in Poland From September 18, 1587 until April 19, 1632 Reign in Sweden From November 17, 1592 until July 24, 1599 Elected in Poland On September 18, 1587 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation in Poland On December 27, 1587 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland...
Sigismund III | Reign in Poland From November 8, 1632 until May 20, 1648 Reign in Russia From 1610 until 1635 Elected in Poland On November 8, 1632 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Elected in Russia In 1610 Coronation On February 6, 1633 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal...
Wladislaus IV | John Casimir II | Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki | Reign From May 21, 1674, until June 17, 1696 Elected On May 21, 1674 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation On February 2, 1676 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Nobel Family Sobieski Coat of Arms Janina Parents Jakub Sobieski Zofia Teofillia Daniłowicz Consorts Marie...
John III Sobieski | Reign From 1697, until 1706 and from 1709, until February 1, 1733 Elected In 1697 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation On September 15, 1697 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Wettin Parents John George III Wettin Anne Sophie Consorts ? Children August III Sas...
Augustus II the Strong | Stanislaus Leszczyński | Reign From 1697, until 1706 and from 1709, until February 1, 1733 Elected In 1697 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation On September 15, 1697 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Wettin Parents John George III Wettin Anne Sophie Consorts ? Children August III Sas...
Augustus II the Strong | Stanislaus Leszczyński | Reign From 1734 until October 5, 1763 Elected In 1734 in Wola, today suburb of Warsaw, Poland Coronation On January 17, 1734 in the Wawel Cathedral, Kraków, Poland Royal House Wettin Parents August II Mocny ? Consorts Marie Josepha Children Frederick Christian Date of Birth October 7, 1696 Place of...
Augustus III | Stanislaus August Poniatowski |
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