Look up Σ, σ, ς in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Greek alphabet
Αα Alpha	Νν Nu
Ββ Beta	Ξξ Xi
Γγ Gamma	Οο Omicron
Δδ Delta	Ππ Pi
Εε Epsilon	Ρρ Rho
Ζζ Zeta	Σσ Sigma
Ηη Eta	Ττ Tau
Θθ Theta	Υυ Upsilon
Ιι Iota	Φφ Phi
Κκ Kappa	Χχ Chi
Λλ Lambda	Ψψ Psi
Μμ Mu	Ωω Omega
Obsolete letters
Ϝϝ Digamma	Ϙϙ Qoppa
Ϛϛ Stigma	Ϡϡ Sampi
Ϻϻ San	Ϸϸ Sho
Greek diacritics

The Madaba Map, a sixth-century mosaic map of Jerusalem ("ΗΑΓΙΑ ПОΛΙΣ") uses the lunate sigma.

Sigma (upper case Σ, lower case σ, lower case in word-final position ς) is the eighteenth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 200. When used at the end of a word, and the word is not upper case, the final form (ς) is used. Sigma may refer to: Sigma (Σ, σ, or Ï‚), of the Greek alphabet In science: Summation operator forming a series in mathematics Σ Standard deviation in statistics σ Divisor function in number theory σ A busy beaver function in computability theory Σ Stefan-Boltzmann constant of radiation in physics σ Sigma factor of RNA polymerase in biology σ Sigma... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ... Image File history File links Sigma_uc_lc. ... The Greek alphabet (Greek: ) is an alphabet consisting of 24 letters that has been used to write the Greek language since the late 8th or early 9th century BC. It was the first alphabet in the narrow sense, that is, a writing system using a separate symbol for each vowel... Alpha (uppercase Α, lowercase α) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. ... For other uses, see Nu. ... Beta (upper case Î’, lower case β) is the second letter of the Greek alphabet. ... Look up Ξ, ξ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Gamma (uppercase Γ, lowercase γ) is the third letter of the Greek alphabet. ... Look up Ο, ο in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Δ, δ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Pi (disambiguation) Pi (upper case Π, lower case Ï€ or Ï–) is the sixteenth letter of the Greek alphabet. ... Look up Ε, ε in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Ρ, ρ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Zeta or ZETA can refer to: // Zeta (letter), of the Greek alphabet Zeta functions, in mathematics Riemann zeta function Tropical Storm Zeta (2005), formed in December 2005 and lasted through January 2006 Z-pinch, in fusion power Zeta (Mexico), a magazine from Tijuana, Mexico Zeta River, in Montenegro Zeta plain... Look up Η, η in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Τ, Ï„ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Θ, θ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Upsilon (upper case , lower case ) is the 20th letter of the Greek alphabet. ... Look up Ι, ι in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Φ, φ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For other uses, see Kappa (disambiguation). ... Look up Χ, χ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Λ, λ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Ψ, ψ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Îœ, μ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up Ω, ω in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Digamma (upper case , lower case ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet, used primarily as a Greek numeral. ... Qoppa Qoppa is an obsolete letter of the Greek alphabet and has a numeric value of 90. ... Stigma is a ligature of the Greek letters sigma and tau, sometimes used nowadays to represent the Greek numeral 6. ... Sampi (Upper case Ϡ, lower case ϡ) is an obsolete letter of the Greek alphabet and has a numeric value of 900. ... San (uppercase , lowercase ) was a letter of the Greek alphabet, appearing between Pi and Qoppa in alphabetical order, corresponding in position although not in name to the Phoenician tsade. ... Sho (uppercase , lowercase ) was a letter added to the Greek alphabet in order to write the Bactrian language. ... In the Greek alphabet, vowels can carry diacritics, namely accents and breathings. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1800x1200, 2976 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Madaba Madaba Map Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1800x1200, 2976 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Madaba Madaba Map Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or... Madaba Map The Madaba Map is the oldest extant map of the Holy Land and is dated to the middle of the 6th century AD. It was discovered late in the 19th century, during an excavation and reconstruction of a mosaic floor in St Georges Church in Madaba, Jordan. ... For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... The Greek alphabet (Greek: ) is an alphabet consisting of 24 letters that has been used to write the Greek language since the late 8th or early 9th century BC. It was the first alphabet in the narrow sense, that is, a writing system using a separate symbol for each vowel... Greek numerals are a system of representing numbers using letters of the Greek alphabet. ... Majuscules or capital letters (in the Roman alphabet: A, B, C, ...) are one type of case in a writing system. ...

The letter is ultimately derived from Phoenician Šin . However, its name derives from Samekh. The Phoenician alphabet is a continuation of the Proto-Canaanite alphabet, by convention taken to begin with a cut-off date of 1050 BCE. It was used by the Phoenicians to write Phoenician, a Northern Semitic language. ... Shin (also spelled Å in or Sheen) is the twenty-first letter in many Semitic abjads, including Phoenician, Aramaic, Hebrew and Arabic (in abjadi order, 12th in modern order). ... Phoenician Sin. ... Samekh or Simketh is the fifteenth letter in many Semitic alphabets, including Phoenician, Hebrew, and Aramaic, representing . ...

In Eastern forms of Greek writing (as opposed to the Western Greek alphabet used in the European Greek colonies) and in the Middle Ages, the lunate sigma (upper case Ϲ, lower case ϲ) — which resembles, but which is not at all related to, the Latin letter C — was often used. Lunate sigma was frequently used for writing Medieval Greek, and it can still sometimes be seen in inscriptions in Greek Orthodox churches, but also in certain printed editions of classical authors. The form of the Cyrillic letter С [s] and Coptic letter sima are derived from lunate sigma. It has been suggested that Cumae alphabet be merged into this article or section. ... Look up Σ, σ, Ï‚ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... Look up C, c in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Medieval Greek (Μεσαιωνική Ελληνική) is a linguistic term that describes the fourth period in the history of the Greek language. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Coptic Orthodox Pope · Roman Catholic Pope Archbishop of Canterbury · Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Faith... The Cyrillic alphabet (pronounced also called azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is actually a family of alphabets, subsets of which are used by certain Slavic languages — Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian—as well as many other languages of the former Soviet Union... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Coptic alphabet is an alphabet used for writing the Coptic language. ...

On coins from the Hellenistic period in India, the script of later coins sometimes use lunate signa. This was possibly due to Latin influence. Maximum extent of Indo-Greek territory circa 175 BCE. The Indo-Greeks (or sometimes Greco-Indians) designate a series of Greek kings, who invaded and controlled parts of northwest and northern India from 180 BCE to around 10 BCE. They are the continuation of the Greco-Bactrian dynasty of Greek...

A dotted lunate sigma (sigma periestigmenon, encoded at U+03FE Ͼ) is used by Aristarchus of Samothrace as an editorial sign indicating that the line so marked is at an incorrect position. Similarly, an antisigma (encoded at U+03FD Ͻ) may mark a line that is out of place. A dotted antisigma (antisigma periestigmenon, encoded at U+03FF Ͽ) may indicate a line after which rearrangements should be made, or to variant readings of uncertain priority. Aristarchus of Samothrace, Gr. ... Antisigma, a reversed lunate sigma, encoded at U+03FD (Ͻ) may represent an editorial sign introduced by Aristarchus of Samothrace, see Sigma. ...

The uppercase form of sigma was borrowed into the Latin alphabet to serve as the uppercase of esh (lowercase: ʃ). The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... Esh (majuscule: , minuscule: ; Unicode U+01A9, U+0283) is a character used in conjunction with the Latin alphabet, introduced by Isaac Pitman in his 1847 Phonotypic Alphabet to represent the voiceless postalveolar fricative (English sh), and is today used in the International Phonetic Alphabet as well as in the alphabets...

Science and Mathematics

Upper case Σ is used as a symbol for:

• the summation operator
• a class of baryons in particle physics
• macroscopic cross sections in nuclear and particle physics
• in economics this letter is for the balance of the invoice classes, the overall amount of the debts and demands

Lower case σ is used for: For evaluation of sums in closed form see evaluating sums. ... Combinations of three u, d or s-quarks with a total spin of 3/2 form the so-called baryon decuplet. ... Thousands of particles explode from the collision point of two relativistic (100 GeV per nucleon) gold ions in the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. ... Cross section may refer to the following In geometry, Cross section is the intersection of a 3-dimensional body with a plane. ... Nuclear physics is the branch of physics concerned with the nucleus of the atom. ... Thousands of particles explode from the collision point of two relativistic (100 GeV per nucleon) gold ions in the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. ... Face-to-face trading interactions on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. ... For meanings of the word balance, see: Look up balance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

• sigma bonds in chemistry
• the parametric standard deviation of a population (as opposed to a sample) in statistics
• a quality model for business, Six Sigma, based on the standard deviation, often referred to as "6σ"
• sigma-algebras, sigma-fields and sigma-finiteness in measure theory; more generally, the symbol σ serves as a shorthand for "countably", e.g. a σ-compact topological space is one that can be written as a countable union of compact subsets.
• the sum-of-divisors function in number theory
• the Stefan-Boltzmann constant
• the "sigma factor" of RNA polymerase
• a measure of electrical conductivity
• Normal stress in continuum mechanics
• volatility of a stock generally needed for options pricing
• a syllable in phonology

Electron atomic and molecular orbitals, showing among others the sigma bond of two s-orbitals and a sigma bond of two p-orbitals In chemistry, sigma bonds (σ bonds) are a type of covalent chemical bond. ... For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). ... In probability and statistics, the standard deviation of a probability distribution, random variable, or population or multiset of values is a measure of the spread of its values. ... This article is about the field of statistics. ... The often-used six sigma symbol. ... In probability and statistics, the standard deviation of a probability distribution, random variable, or population or multiset of values is a measure of the spread of its values. ... In mathematics, a σ-algebra (or σ-field) X over a set S is a family of subsets of S which is closed under countable set operations; σ-algebras are mainly used in order to define measures on S. The concept is important in mathematical analysis and probability theory. ... In mathematics, a positive (or signed) measure μ defined on a σ-algebra Σ of subsets of a set X is called finite, if μ(X) is a finite real number (rather than ∞). The measure μ is called σ-finite, if X is the countable union of measurable sets of finite measure. ... In mathematics the concept of a measure generalizes notions such as length, area, and volume (but not all of its applications have to do with physical sizes). ... In mathematics, a countable set is a set with the same cardinality (i. ... Topological spaces are structures that allow one to formalize concepts such as convergence, connectedness and continuity. ... In set theory and other branches of mathematics, the union of a collection of sets is the set that contains everything that belongs to any of the sets, but nothing else. ... In mathematics, a subset of Euclidean space Rn is called compact if it is closed and bounded. ... Divisor function σ0(n) up to n=250 Sigma function σ1(n) up to n=250 Sum of the squares of divisors, σ2(n), up to n=250 Sum of cubes of divisors, σ3(n) up to n=250 In mathematics, and specifically in number theory, a divisor function is... Number theory is the branch of pure mathematics concerned with the properties of numbers in general, and integers in particular, as well as the wider classes of problems that arise from their study. ... The Stefan-Boltzmann constant (also Stefans constant), denoted with a Greek letter σ, is a derivable physical constant, the constant of proportionality between the total energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body in unit time and the fourth power of the thermodynamic temperature, as per the... A sigma factor (σ factor) is a prokaryotic transcription initiation factor that must be part of RNA polymerase (RNAP) for specific binding to promoter sites on DNA. Different sigma factors are activated in response to different environmental conditions, as are listed below. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Not to be confused with electrical conductance, a measure of an objects or circuits ability to conduct an electric current between two points, which is dependent on the electrical conductivity and the geometric dimensions of the conducting object. ... Tensile stress (or tension) is the stress state leading to expansion (volume and/or length of a material tends to increase). ... Stress is a measure of force per unit area within a body. ... Continuum mechanics is a branch of physics (specifically mechanics) that deals with continuous matter, including both solids and fluids (i. ... For other uses, see Stock (disambiguation). ... Because the value of options contracts depend on a number of different variables in addition to the value of the underlying asset, they are complex to value. ... For the computer operating system, see Syllable (operating system). ... Phonology (Greek phonÄ“ = voice/sound and logos = word/speech), is a subfield of linguistics which studies the sound system of a specific language (or languages). ...

Politics

During the 1930s, an upper case Σ was in use as the symbol of the Ação Integralista Brasileira, a fascist party in Brazil. The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known as the World Depression. ... The famous Integralist salute, Anauê!, which means you are my brother! (believed by some to have originated in a Tupi language expression) Integralist banner Brazilian Integralism (Portuguese: Integralismo brasileiro) was a Brazilian political movement created in October 1932. ... Fascism is an authoritarian political ideology (generally tied to a mass movement) that considers individual and other societal interests subordinate to the interests of the state. ...

Popular culture and use in fiction

• In a practice similar to faux Cyrillic, capital sigmas are sometimes used in place of Roman E to give a Greek flavour to titles or text (for example, the film My Big Fat GRΣΣK Wedding).

• Sigma is the name of the main villain in Capcom's Mega Man X. His symbol is an upper-case sigma formed into a wolf's face.

• Sigma Octanus IV is a fictional planet in the Halo books.

• Sigma is the name of third server in the series of .hack//IMOQ (PS2 video games)

• Mercury-Atlas 8 was called Sigma 7.

• Sigma is a measure of male sexual arousal coined by the character Lawrence Waterhouse in Neal Stephenson's Cryptonomicon

• The latest edition of the Ninja Gaiden video game series is titled Ninja Gaiden Sigma, was released on the Playstation 3 in July 2007 in North America.

• In the television series Doctor Who, Theta Sigma is the nickname of the Doctor.

• The current GI Joe incarnation is entitled G.I. Joe: Sigma 6.
• Sigma is the name of a song from Japanese singer Shiina Ringo.

• Sigma is the title of a 2007 album by eufonius.

• The Sigma Protocol is a 2002 book by Robert Ludlum.

• Sigma Shipyards is the name of a corporation in the Escape Velocity Nova computer game.

• Vector Sigma is the Computer matrix that created the cybertronian lifeforms the Transformers in the popular cartoon series from the 1980s

• Sigma is used in the latter (Chris Redfield) half of survival-horror game Resident Evil Code: Veronica in which you much retrieve 'Clement a ' and 'Clement Σ'
• Sigma 2,3,5,6,7,8,9 Computers produced by Xerox Data Systems in the 1970s following purchase of SDS, Scientific Data Systems by them. Successful range of Scientific Computers similar to IBM 370's.

• A firearm series made by Smith & Wesson called Sigma or VE. The firearm is available in .40 S&W and 9x19mm

• Sigma is the name of a system for ontology development and reasoning

• In a season 3 episode of the Disney Channel show That's So Raven, entitled "Members Only", Eddie wishes to join a group in the school named the Sigmas. The Sigmas are the most popular group in their school, and all of the members wore yellow jackets with an uppercase Sigma on the left breast.

• There is a sorority named Sigma Sigma Sigma

• Phi Sigma Alpha Fraternity goes by the name of Sigma Fraternity.

• There are nine historically Black Greek letter organizations (BGLOs) that make up the National Pan-Hellenic Council. Collectively, these organizations are referred to as "The Divine Nine." Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc., an international organization of college and professional men, was founded on January 9th, 1914. Members of Phi Beta Sigma are known as SIGMAS. Not to be confused with Sigma Gamma Rho sorority who often attempt to monopolize on be referred to as Sigmas.

Graphic designers sometimes employ faux Cyrillic typography to give a Slavic feel to English text, by replacing Latin letters with Cyrillic letters resembling them. ... For other uses, see E (disambiguation). ... My Big Fat Greek Wedding is a 2002 romantic comedy film written by and starring Nia Vardalos and directed by Joel Zwick. ... Sigma is a fictional character who is the main antagonist of the Mega Man X video game series. ... For the original NASA meaning, see capsule communicator. ... Mega Man X, released in 1993 by Capcom, is the first game in the Mega Man X series. ... This article is about the astronomical term. ... Spoiler warning: Halo: The Fall of Reach is a 2001 novel based on the video game Halo: Combat Evolved (2001). ... .hack is the title of a series of four video games for the PlayStation 2 produced by Bandai and Cyber Connect 2. ... // Wally Schirra (flew on Mercury 8, Gemini 6A, & Apollo 7) Gordon Cooper Mass:1370 kg Perigee: 153 km Apogee: 285 km Inclination: 32. ... Turn on redirects here. ... Neal Town Stephenson (born October 31, 1959) is an American writer, known primarily for his science fiction works in the postcyberpunk genre with a penchant for explorations of society, mathematics, currency, and the history of science. ... Cryptonomicon is a 1999 novel by Neal Stephenson. ... Ryu Hayabusa from the Ninja Gaiden video game. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Ninja Gaiden (2004). ... The PlayStation 3 , trademarked PLAYSTATION®3,[3] commonly abbreviated PS3) is the third home video game console produced by Sony Computer Entertainment; successor to the PlayStation 2. ... This article is about the television series. ... G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero is a military-themed action figure (3 3/4 inches tall) that was supported by a Marvel Comic and a popular cartoon television show that ran in the 1980s. ... Shiina Ringo performing in concert with her band, Tokyo Jihen (2005) Shiina Ringo ) is a Japanese singer, songwriter, guitarist, and pianist born on November 25, 1978. ... The Sigma Protocol (2002) is the last book written by Robert Ludlum, and published posthumously. ... Robert Ludlum (May 25, 1927 New York City â€“ March 12, 2001 Naples, Florida) was an American author of 29 thriller novels. ... Escape Velocity Nova (EV Nova or EVN) is a computer game by Ambrosia Software, in collaboration with ATMOS. It is the third game in the Escape Velocity series. ... Xerox Corporation (NYSE: XRX) (name pronounced ) is a global document management company, which manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction systems, photo copiers, digital production printing presses, and related consulting services and supplies. ... Smith & Wesson NASDAQ: SWHC (S&W) is the largest manufacturer of handguns in the United States. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The . ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about ontology in philosophy. ... For Disney Channel in other countries, see Disney Channel around the world. ... Thats So Raven is an American Emmy Award-nominated [1] sitcom television series broadcast on the Disney Channel. ... While the term fraternity can be used to describe any number of social organizations, including the Lions Club and the Shriners, fraternities and sororities are most commonly known as social organizations of higher education students in the United States and Canada but there are fraternities in the whole world (for... Sigma Sigma Sigma (ΣΣΣ), also known as Tri Sigma or Sigma, is a national American women’s sorority with membership of more than 92,000 members (as of August 1, 2006). ... Fi Sigma Alfa Fraternity (ΦΣΑ) is a fraternity established originally as the Sigma Delta Alpha Fraternity on October 22nd of 1928 at the University of Puerto Rico. ... Fi Sigma Alfa Fraternity (ΦΣΑ) is a fraternity established originally as the Sigma Delta Alpha Fraternity on October 22nd of 1928 at the University of Puerto Rico. ...

Hi-Fi Headphones

Stax Sigma were the top of the range, Stax Electrostatic, "Semi Panoramic Ear Speakers" made in Japan from 1977 onwards.

Sigma refers to a peak state of consciousness when a user of dextromethorphan hydrobromide consumes a near deadly dosage.

Lenses

Sigma Corporation manufactures digital cameras and a vast catalog of photography lenses. Sigma Corporation ) is a Japanese company manufacturing cameras, lenses, flashes and other photographic accessories. ...

Dept Managing

Sigma Company Limited is a Hungarian debt management firm founded in 1923, connected the TCM Group International. Sigma Pharmaceuticals Limited is an Australian company with annual sales of approximately AUD$2. ...

See also

• Antisigma