Silanols are named, when the hydroxy group is the principal one, by adding the suffix –ol to their mother name. If the hydroxy group is not the principal one, silanols are named by using the prefix hydroxy- according to the substitutive nomenclature. These rules are almost the same as those of alcohol, with the exception that silane is used as the mother hydride.
History
Silanols were first synthesized in 1871 by Albert Ladenburg. The first example was triethylsilanol. At that time, they were called silicols, a word that he coined.
Synthesis
Silanols are generally synthesized by hydrolysis of halosilane, alkoxysilane, or aminosilane; by oxidation of hydrosilane; or by hydrolysis of arylsilane in the presence of strong acid.
Properties
Silanols are generally dehydrated very easily, giving disiloxanes in the presence of acid, base, or even heat. Because of this property of self-condensation, the synthesis and isolation of silanols are difficult.
Silanols have hydroxy substituents, and so they have hydrogen bonding to each other in solution and even in crystals.
Composition according to claim 9, wherein the silanol derivative comprises methyl silane triol lactate and methyl silane triol hyaluronate, and in the proteosilane R is C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is 2, R.sup.2 is an acetyl tyrosine acid moiety, and R.sup.3 is a solubilized elastine moiety.
Silanol derivatives which can also be employed include siloxanes, for example of the type ##STR1## where R is a hydrocarbon group and n is a number from 0 to 20, but preferably from 0 to 4.
The regeneration of collagen and elastine fibres and the restructuring of proteoglucanes, due to the silanol, are accompanied by an intervention in the metabolism of fatty bodies; thus during lipolysis, the silanol favours the formation of unsaturated fatty acids and protects them from cytotoxic peroxydation, capable of raising the viscosity of the lymph.
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