 | | | Sinclair QL | | Type | Personal computer | | Released | 1984 | | Discontinued | April, 1986 | | Processor | Motorola 68008 @ 7.5 MHz | | Memory | 128KB (640KB max.) | | OS | Sinclair QDOS | The Sinclair QL (for Quantum Leap), was a personal computer launched by Sinclair Research in 1984, as the successor to the ZX Spectrum. The QL was aimed at the hobbyist and small business markets, but failed to achieve commercial success. Download high resolution version (1280x960, 216 KB) Image of a Sinclair QL (c) 2004 Phoebus Dokos File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Sinclair QDOS was the multitasking operating system found on the Sinclair QL and its clones. ...
Quantum Leap is a science fiction television series that ran for 97 episodes from March 1989 to May 1993 on NBC. It follows the adventures of Dr. Samuel Beckett (played by Scott Bakula), a brilliant scientist who after researching time-travel, and doing experiments in something he calls The Imaging...
Sinclair Research Ltd was a home computer company founded by Sir Clive Sinclair in Cambridge, England. ...
The ZX Spectrum is a home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. ...
A small business may be defined as a business with a small number of employees. ...
Description
The QL was originally conceived in 1981 under the code-name ZX83, as a portable computer for business users, with a built-in flat-screen CRT and internal modem. As development progressed, and ZX83 became ZX84, it eventually became clear that the portability features were over-ambitious and the specification was reduced to a conventional desktop configuration. A Portable computer is a computer that is designed to be moved from one place to another (in other words, it is a computer that is portable). ...
Cathode ray tube employing electromagnetic focus and deflection Cutaway rendering of a color CRT Electron guns Electron beams Focusing coils Deflection coils Anode connection Mask for separating beams for red, green, and blue part of displayed image Phosphor layer with red, green, and blue zones Close-up of the phosphor...
A modem (from modulate and demodulate) is a device that modulates an analogue carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. ...
Based on a Motorola 68008 processor clocked at 7.5 MHz, the QL included 128 KB of RAM (officially expandable to 640 KB) and could be connected to a monitor or TV for display. Two built-in Microdrive tape-loop cartridge drives (first seen as a peripheral for the ZX Spectrum) provided mass storage, in place of the more expensive floppy disk drives found on similar systems of the era. Interfaces included an expansion slot, ROM cartridge socket, dual RS-232 ports, proprietary QLAN local area network ports, dual joystick ports and an external Microdrive bus. Two video modes were available, 256×256 pixels with 8 RGB colours and per-pixel flashing, or 512×256 pixels with four colours (black, red, green and white). Both screen modes used a 32 KB framebuffer in main memory. The hardware was capable of switching between two different areas of memory for the framebuffer, thus allowing double buffering. However, this would have used 64 KB of the standard machine's 128 KB of RAM and there is no support for this feature in the QL's original firmware. The alternative and much improved operating system Minerva does provide full support for the second framebuffer. The Motorola MC68008 is a 8/16/32-bit microprocessor from the early 1980s. ...
A kilobyte (derived from the SI prefix kilo-, meaning 1000) is a unit of information or computer storage equal to either 1000 or 1024 bytes. ...
Different types of RAM. From top to bottom: DIP, SIPP, SIMM 30 pin, SIMM 72 pin, DIMM, RIMM RAM redirects here. ...
Nineteen inch (48 cm) CRT computer monitor A computer display, monitor or screen is a computer peripheral device capable of showing still or moving images generated by a computer and processed by a graphics card. ...
The ZX Microdrive was a tape-loop storage system from the 1980s, used in Sinclair Researchs ZX Spectrum and Sinclair QL home computers. ...
The ZX Spectrum is a home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. ...
A floppy disk is a data storage device that is composed of a disk of thin, flexible (floppy) magnetic storage medium encased in a square or rectangular plastic shell. ...
RS-232 (also referred to as EIA RS-232C or V.24) is a standard for serial binary data interchange between a DTE (Data terminal equipment) and a DCE (Data communication equipment). ...
Local area network scheme A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a local area, like a home, office, or group of buildings[1]. Current LANs are most likely to be based on switched IEEE 802. ...
Joystick elements: 1. ...
The ZX Microdrive was a tape-loop storage system from the 1980s, used in Sinclair Researchs ZX Spectrum and Sinclair QL home computers. ...
The RGB color model utilizes the additive model in which red, green, and blue light are combined in various ways to create other colors. ...
The framebuffer is a part of RAM in a computer allocated to hold the graphics information for one frame or picture. ...
In computer graphics, double buffering (sometimes called ping-pong buffering) is a technique used to reduce or remove visible artifacts from the drawing process. ...
Minerva was a reimplementation of Sinclair QDOS, the built in operating system of the Sinclair QL line of computers. ...
Internally, the QL comprised the CPU, two ULAs, (ZX8301 and ZX8302) and an Intel 8049 microcontroller (known as the IPC, or "Intelligent Peripheral Controller"). The ZX8301 or "Master Chip" implemented the video display generator and also provided DRAM refresh. The ZX8302, or "Peripheral Chip", interfaced to the RS-232 ports (transmit only) Microdrives, QLAN ports, real-time clock and the 8049 (via a synchronous serial link). The 8049 (included at late stage in the QL's design, as substitute for a third ULA) acted as a keyboard/joystick controller, RS-232 receive buffer and audio generator. A Gate array or Uncommitted Logic Array (ULA) is an approach to the design and manufacture of application_specific integrated circuits (ASICS). ...
The ZX8301 was a ULA integrated circuit designed for the Sinclair QL microcomputer. ...
The ZX8302 was a ULA integrated circuit designed for the Sinclair QL microcomputer. ...
Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC, SEHK: 4335), founded in 1968 as Integrated Electronics Corporation, is an American multinational corporation that is best known for designing and manufacturing microprocessors and specialized integrated circuits. ...
The integrated circuit from an Intel 8742, an 8-bit microcontroller that includes a CPU running at 12 MHz, 128 bytes of RAM, 2048 bytes of EPROM, and I/O in the same chip. ...
Dram can mean several things: For the imperial unit of volume see dram (unit), commonly used to describe a measure of Scotch whisky For the imperial unit of weight or mass see avoirdupois and apothecaries system (of mass) For the Armenian monetary unit see dram (currency) DRAM is a type...
A multitasking operating system, QDOS, primarily designed by Tony Tebby, was included on ROM, as was an advanced BASIC interpreter, named SuperBASIC designed by Jan Jones. The QL was also bundled with an office suite (word processor, spreadsheet, database, and graphics) written by Psion. Sinclair had commissioned GST Computer Systems to produce an operating system for the machine, but switched to QDOS, developed in-house, before launch. GST's OS, designed by Tim Ward, was later made available as 68K/OS, in the form of an add-on ROM card. The tools developed by GST for the QL would later be used on the Atari ST, where GST object format became standard. In computing, multitasking is a method by which multiple tasks, also known as processes, share common processing resources such as a CPU. In the case of a computer with a single CPU, only one task is said to be running at any point in time, meaning that the CPU is...
An operating system (OS) is a computer program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. ...
Sinclair QDOS was the multitasking operating system found on the Sinclair QL and its clones. ...
Tony Tebby is probaby most famous for designing Qdos, the computer operating system used in the Sinclair QL personal computer, whilst working as a engineer at Sinclair Research in the early 1980s. ...
Read-only memory (ROM) is a class of storage media used in computers and other electronic devices. ...
BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of high-level programming languages. ...
An interpreter is a computer program that executes other programs. ...
Sinclair QDOS was the multitasking operating system found on the Sinclair QL and its clones. ...
Jan Jones is a British former software engineer, now a writer of romantic fiction and short stories. ...
In computing, an office suite, sometimes called an office application suite or productivity suite is a software suite intended to be used by typical clerical and knowledge workers. ...
Psion PLC is a consumer hardware company mostly known for developing the Psion Organiser as well as a whole range of more advanced, clamshell-design Personal Digital Assistants. ...
GST was a group of computer company based in Cambridge, England, founded by Dr Jeff Fenton in the late 1970s. ...
The Atari 520ST Atari 1040STF with SC1224 color monitor The Atari ST is a home/personal computer that was commercially popular from 1985 to the early 1990s. ...
Physically, the QL was the same black colour as the preceding ZX81 and ZX Spectrum models, but introduced a new angular styling theme and keyboard design which would later be seen in the ZX Spectrum+. ZX81 interfaces A 16K RAM pack that plugged into the rear of the ZX81 The optional ZX printer; a simple spark printer using aluminised paper. ...
The ZX Spectrum is a home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. ...
The ZX Spectrum is a home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. ...
History The QL was the first mass-market personal computer based on the Motorola 68000-series processor family. Rushed into production, the QL beat the Apple Macintosh by a month, and the Atari ST by a year. While clock speeds were comparable, the 8-bit databus and cycle stealing of the ZX8301 ULA limited the QL's performance. However, at the time of launch, on January 12, 1984, the QL was far from being ready for production, there being no complete working prototype in existence. Although Sinclair started taking orders immediately, promising delivery within 28 days, first customer deliveries only started, slowly, in April. This provoked much criticism of the company and the attention of the Advertising Standards Authority. The Motorola 680x0/0x0/m68k/68k/68K family of CISC microprocessor CPU chips were 32-bit from the start, and were the primary competition for the Intel x86 family of chips. ...
The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ...
The Atari 520ST Atari 1040STF with SC1224 color monitor The Atari ST is a home/personal computer that was commercially popular from 1985 to the early 1990s. ...
In synchronous digital electronics, such as most computers, a clock signal is a signal used to coordinate the actions of two or more circuits. ...
In computer architecture, a bus is a subsystem that transfers data or power between computer components inside a computer or between computers. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
The ZX8301 was a ULA integrated circuit designed for the Sinclair QL microcomputer. ...
A Gate array is an approach to the design and manufacture of ASICs. ...
January 12 is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) is the independent British self regulatory organisation (SRO) of the advertising industry. ...
Due to its rushed development, the QL was plagued by a number of problems from release, particularly bugs in the QDOS operating system and SuperBASIC which lead to multiple releases of the firmware. In addition, early production QLs were shipped with an external 16 KB ROM cartridge (infamously known as the "kludge" or "dongle") containing part of the firmware until the QL was redesigned to accommodate the necessary 48 KB of ROM internally, instead of the 32 KB initially specified. The QL also suffered from reliability problems of its Microdrives. These problems were later rectified, by Sinclair engineers, especially on Samsung produced models, as well as by aftermarket firms such as Adman Services and TF Services — to the point where several QL users report their Microdrives working perfectly even after almost 17 years of service (for Samsung QLs) — but in any case much too late to redeem the negative image they had already created. A computer bug is an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program that prevents it from working as intended, or produces an incorrect result. ...
Sinclair QDOS was the multitasking operating system found on the Sinclair QL and its clones. ...
In computing, firmware is software that is embedded in a hardware device. ...
Samsung Group is one of the largest South Korean business groupings. ...
Although the computer was hyped as being advanced for its time, and relatively cheap, it failed to sell well, and UK production was suspended in 1985, due to lack of demand. After Amstrad acquired Sinclair's computer products lines in April 1986, the QL was officially discontinued. Apart from its reliability issues, the target business market was becoming wedded to the IBM PC platform, whilst the majority of ZX Spectrum owners were uninterested in upgrading to a machine which had a minimal library of games. Sinclair's persistence with the non-standard Microdrive and uncomfortable keyboard did not endear it to the business market; coupled with the machine's resemblance to a ZX Spectrum, they led many to perceive the QL as something akin to a toy. Software publishers were also reluctant to support the QL due to the necessity of using Microdrive cartridges as a distribution medium. Amstrad is a manufacturer of electronics based in Brentwood in Essex, England and founded in 1968 by Sir Alan Michael Sugar in the UK. The name is a contraction of Alan Michael Sugar Trading. ...
IBM PC (IBM 5150) with keyboard and green screen monochrome monitor (IBM 5151), running MS-DOS 5. ...
Although in hindsight the new directions set by the Macintosh, Atari ST and others prevailed — most notably a GUI, which the QL lacked (until recently) — the core concepts of the QL's operating system appeal even today. GUI can refer to the following: GUI is short for graphical user interface, a term used to describe a type of interface in computing. ...
An operating system (OS) is a computer program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. ...
The ICL connection The QL's CPU, ZX8301 and ZX8302 ULAs and ZX Microdrives also formed the basis of International Computers Ltd's (ICL's) One Per Desk (OPD) - also marketed by British Telecom as the Merlin Tonto and by Telecom Australia as the Computerphone. The result of a three-year collaboration between Sinclair Research, ICL and British Telecom, the OPD had the intriguing addition of a telephone handset on one end of the keyboard, and rudimentary Computer-Telephony Integration (CTI) software. This curious machine interested a number of high-profile business customers, including certain divisions of the former UK Customs and Excise Department, but its success was generally limited. In the late eighties they were used in Bingo halls to allow a country wide networked bingo game. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
Die of an Intel 80486DX2 microprocessor (actual size: 12×6. ...
The ZX8301 was a ULA integrated circuit designed for the Sinclair QL microcomputer. ...
The ZX8302 was a ULA integrated circuit designed for the Sinclair QL microcomputer. ...
A Gate array is an approach to the design and manufacture of ASICs. ...
The ZX Microdrive was a tape-loop storage system from the 1980s, used in Sinclair Researchs ZX Spectrum and Sinclair QL home computers. ...
International Computers Ltd, or ICL, was a large British computer hardware company that operated from 1968 until 2002, when it was renamed Fujitsu Services Limited after its parent company, Fujitsu. ...
The BT Merlin Tonto The One Per Desk, or OPD, was an innovative hybrid personal computer/telecommunications terminal based on the hardware of the Sinclair QL. The One Per Desk was built by International Computers Ltd (ICL) and launched in the UK in 1984. ...
BT Group plc (which trades as just BT, and is commonly known by its former name, British Telecom) is the privatised former British state telecommunications operator. ...
The BT Merlin Tonto Merlin Tonto was a professional computer made by Merlin in 1985. ...
Telecom Australia logo 1975-1993 Telecom Australia logo 1993-1995 Telecom Australia was the trading name of the: Australian Telecommunications Commission (1975 - 1989) Australian Telecommunications Corporation (1989 - 1992) Australian and Overseas Telecommunications Corporation (1992 - 1993) The AOTCs official name was changed to Telstra in April 1993. ...
The BT Merlin Tonto The One Per Desk, or OPD, was an innovative hybrid personal computer/telecommunications terminal based on the hardware of the Sinclair QL. The One Per Desk was built by International Computers Ltd (ICL) and launched in the UK in 1984. ...
Sinclair Research Ltd was a home computer company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge, England. ...
Her Majestys Customs and Excise (HMCE) was, until April 2005, a department of the British Government in the UK. It was responsible for the collection of Value added tax (VAT), Customs Duties, Excise Duties, and other indirect taxes such as Air Passenger Duty, Climate Change Levy, Insurance Premium Tax...
Post-1986 developments After Amstrad abandoned the QL, several companies previously involved in the QL peripherals market stepped in to fill the void. These included CST and DanSoft, creators of the Thor line of compatible systems; Miracle Systems, creator of the Gold Card and Super Gold Card processor/memory upgrade cards and the QXL PC-based hardware emulator; and Qubbesoft, with the Aurora, the first replacement QL mainboard, featuring enhanced graphics modes. Cambridge Systems Technology (CST) were a company formed in the early 1980s by ex-Torch Computers engineers David Oliver and Martin Baines, to produce peripherals for the BBC Micro, and later, with Graham Priestley, Sinclair QL microcomputers. ...
The CST Thor was a series of personal computers compatible with the Sinclair QL designed by Cambridge Systems Technology during the late 1980s. ...
Miracle Systems were a manufacturer of Sinclair QL personal computer expansions in the 1980s. ...
The QL lives on in the form of two self-contained mainboards named Q40 and Q60 (collectively referred to as Qx0) created by Peter Graf and marketed by D & D Systems. The Q40 and Q60, being based around the 68040 and 68060 CPUs respectively, are much more powerful than the original QL and have the ability among other things (such as multimedia, high resolution graphics, Ethernet networking etc.) to run the Linux operating system. The Motorola 68040 is a microprocessor from Motorola. ...
The Motorola 68060 is a 32-bit microprocessor from Motorola, and is the successor to the Motorola 68040. ...
CPU can stand for: in computing: Central processing unit in journalism: Commonwealth Press Union in law enforcement: Crime prevention unit in software: Critical patch update, a type of software patch distributed by Oracle Corporation in Macleans College is often known as Ash Lim. ...
Ethernet is a large and diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs). ...
Linux (IPA pronunciation: ) is a Unix-like computer operating system family that uses the Linux kernel. ...
Hardware add-ons are still being produced for the original QL mainly by TF Services who supplies the RomDisq, the Minerva replacement Operating System, I²C bus based peripherals, superHermes (keyboard interface, fast RS232 etc) and MPlane buffered backplane systems. The RomDisQ is a fast, solid state mass storage device that is meant to plug in the ROM port of a Sinclair QL or Aurora motherboard. ...
Minerva was a reimplementation of Sinclair QDOS, the built in operating system of the Sinclair QL line of computers. ...
An operating system (OS) is a computer program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. ...
I²C is a multi-master serial computer bus invented by Philips that is used to attach low-speed peripherals to a motherboard, embedded system, or cellphone. ...
Trivia - Linus Torvalds, creator of Linux, owned a Sinclair QL in his youth, and used it to learn programming. He was inspired by both the shortcomings and virtues of the Sinclair QDOS operating system to create Linux[1].
- The QL's Intel 8049 Intelligent Peripheral Controller actually ran at a higher clock speed than the 68008 CPU (11 versus 7.5 MHz).
- When connected to a normally-adjusted TV or monitor, the QL's video output would overscan horizontally. This was reputed to have been due to the timing constants in the ZX8301 chip being optimised for the flat-screen CRT display originally intended for the QL[2].
- QLs built by Samsung for export markets had DE-9 sockets for the RS-232 and joystick ports, instead of the unusual and UK-specific BS 6312 sockets found on UK-built QLs.
- External QL Microdrives appeared on QL accessory pricelists but were never produced.
- The QL was introduced at the time the SCART connector was becoming common in European televisions. The SCART connector carries RGB component video, enabling a brilliant display of the QL's four colours (black + 3) on a TV set.
Linus Benedict Torvalds ( ; born December 28, 1969 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish software engineer best known for initiating the development of the Linux kernel. ...
Linux (IPA pronunciation: ) is a Unix-like computer operating system family that uses the Linux kernel. ...
Sinclair QDOS was the multitasking operating system found on the Sinclair QL and its clones. ...
Linux (IPA pronunciation: ) is a Unix-like computer operating system family that uses the Linux kernel. ...
Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...
A male DE-9 connector. ...
British telephone plug with only two pins present, from a modem cable BS6312 is the British Standard governing telephone plugs and sockets. ...
This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...
The RGB color model utilizes the additive model in which red, green, and blue light are combined in various ways to create other colors. ...
Three cables, each with RCA plugs at both ends, are often used to carry analog component video Component video is a video signal that has been split into two or more components. ...
External links Linux (IPA pronunciation: ) is a Unix-like computer operating system family that uses the Linux kernel. ...
Emulators & Support
| Sinclair computers, derivatives, and clones (ZX80/81, ZX Spectrum, and QL clones) |
 By Sinclair Research: ZX80 | ZX81 | ZX Spectrum, Spectrum+, Spectrum 128K | Sinclair QL
By Amstrad: Spectrum +2, +3
By Timex Sinclair: TS 1000 | TS 1500 | TS 2048 | TC 2048 | TS 2068, TC 2068
By others: Jupiter ACE | SAM Coupé | Didaktik | Dubna 48K | Hobbit | Pentagon | Scorpion | Sprinter
US Release: ZX81 | TS 1000 | TS 1500 | TS 2068 Sinclair Research Ltd was a home computer company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge, England. ...
The following is a list of clones of Sinclair Researchs ZX80 and ZX81 home computers: CP200 CP200S http://cobit. ...
The following is a list of clones of Sinclair Researchs ZX Spectrum home computer: ATM AZX-Monstrum Baltica (computer) Best III Bi Am ZX-Spectrum 48/64 Bi Am ZX-Spectrum 128 Cobra CIP-03 Composite Delta Delta S-128 Didaktik Dubna 48K Ella Ra Elwro 600 Jr Elwro...
The following is a list of clones of Sinclair Researchs Sinclair QL microcomputer: Computerphone ICL One Per Desk Merlin Tonto Thor Q40 / Q60 QPC Software Emulator Categories: Home computers ...
Download high resolution version (2168x1593, 439 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Sinclair Research Ltd was a home computer company founded by Clive Sinclair in Cambridge, England. ...
The Sinclair ZX80 was a home computer brought to market in 1980 by Sinclair Research of Cambridge, England. ...
ZX81 interfaces A 16K RAM pack that plugged into the rear of the ZX81 The optional ZX printer; a simple spark printer using aluminised paper. ...
The ZX Spectrum is a home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. ...
Amstrad is a manufacturer of electronics based in Brentwood in Essex, England and founded in 1968 by Sir Alan Michael Sugar in the UK. The name is a contraction of Alan Michael Sugar Trading. ...
The ZX Spectrum is a home computer released in the United Kingdom in 1982 by Sinclair Research Ltd. ...
Timex Corporation, best known for the production of clocks, watches, and other timepieces, attempted to enter the fledgling home computer market of the late 1970s and early 1980s with the Sinclair line. ...
The Timex Sinclair 1000 (TS1000) was the first computer produced by Timex Sinclair, a joint-venture between Timex Corporation and Sinclair Research. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Sinclair ZX81. ...
The Timex Sinclair 2048 was an enhanced version of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer. ...
The TC 2048 or Timex Computer 2048 is a computer created by Timex of Portugal, Lda, a branch of Timex Corporation. ...
The Timex Sinclair 2068 (TS2068), released in November 1983, was Timex Sinclairs fourth and last home computer for the U.S. market. ...
The Jupiter ACE was a British home computer of the 1980s, marketed by a company named Jupiter Cantab. ...
The SAM Coupé was an 8-bit British home computer that was first released in late 1989. ...
The Didaktik was a series of home computers based on the Zilog Z80 processor produced in former Czechoslovakia. ...
1. ...
Hobbit is a Soviet/Russian 8-bit home computer, based on the Sinclair ZX Spectrum hardware architecture. ...
The Pentagon home computer, manufactured in former Soviet Union, is a clone of the British-made Sinclair ZX Spectrum 128. ...
Scorpion (Russian: ), was a very widespread ZX Spectrum clone produced in St. ...
The Sprinter is a microcomputer made by Peters Plus, Ltd. ...
ZX81 interfaces A 16K RAM pack that plugged into the rear of the ZX81 The optional ZX printer; a simple spark printer using aluminised paper. ...
The Timex Sinclair 1000 (TS1000) was the first computer produced by Timex Sinclair, a joint-venture between Timex Corporation and Sinclair Research. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Sinclair ZX81. ...
The Timex Sinclair 2068 (TS2068), released in November 1983, was Timex Sinclairs fourth and last home computer for the U.S. market. ...
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