Sindhis (सिन्धी, سنڌي) are an Indo-Aryan language speaking socio-ethnic group of people originating in Sindh which is part of present day Pakistan. Sindhis that live in Pakistan are predominantly Muslim, while many Sindhi Hindus emigrated to India when British India was divided in 1947. The Sindhi is an Indo-Aryan tongue with an eclectic history not unlike the Sindhis themselves. For the breed of cat, see Bengal cat; for the tiger, see Bengal Tiger; for the American football franchise , see Cincinnati Bengals Bengal (Banga, Bangla, Bangadesh, or Bangladesh in Bengali) comprises a region in the northeast of the Indian subcontinent, today divided between the independent country of Bangladesh and the... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Hinduism (known as in some modern Indian languages[1]) is a religion that originated on the Indian subcontinent. ... British India (otherwise known as The British Raj) was a historical period during which most of the Indian subcontinent, or present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, were under the colonial authority of the British Empire (Undivided India). ... Britains holdings on the Indian subcontinent were granted independence in 1947 and 1948, becoming four new independent states: India, Burma (now Myanmar), Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and Pakistan (including East Pakistan, modern-day Bangladesh). ... 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... SindhÄ« (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ...

History

The original inhabitants of ancient Sindh were believed to be aboriginal tribes speaking languages related to Munda languages. Then Dravidian speaking nomads are supposed to have invaded from the Iranian plateau and settled in the Indus valley around 4000 BC. The Dravidian culture blossomed over the centuries and gave rise to the Indus Valley Civilization of Ancient India (now in present-day Pakistan) around 3000 BC. The Indus Valley Civilization went into decline, many historians cannot agree on the cause of the deline, some theories include arrival of tribes from Eastern Europe or the change in the path of the Indus River.
Munda Languages are spoken in north east India. ... Languages Dravidian languages Religions Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Atheism, Jainism Related ethnic groups Dravidian peoples Brahui people Kannadigas Malayalis Tamils Telugus Tuluvas Dravidian people, Dravidian race or Dravidians are terms that are some times given to people of mainly Southern India, Northeastern Sri Lanka, and parts of Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal... Topographic map of the Iranian plateau connecting to Anatolia in the west and Hindu Kush and Himalaya in the east The Iranian plateau is a major geologic formation in West Asia between Anatolian Plateau in the northwest and the Indian Subcontinent in the southeast. ... (5th millennium BC – 4th millennium BC – 3rd millennium BC - other millennia) Events City of Ur in Mesopotamia (40th century BC). ... Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ... Ancient India may refer to: the ancient History of India, which generally includes the ancient history of the whole Indian subcontinent the legendary Kingdoms of Ancient India in Sanskrit literature the Iron Age Mahajanapadas the Middle kingdoms of India of Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Category: ... (31st century BC - 30th century BC - 29th century BC - other centuries) (4th millennium BC - 3rd millennium BC - 2nd millennium BC) Events 2925 - 2776 BC - First Dynasty wars in Egypt 2900 BC - Beginning of the Early Dynastic Period I in Mesopotamia. ... Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ...

The ancient civilization of what came to be known as Harappa and Mohenjodaro both derive their modern location names from the Sindhi e as opposed to the Elamo-Dravidian language of the Indus Valley Civilization which remains undeciphered.
Harappa (Urdu: ہڑپا) is a city in Punjab, northeast Pakistan, about 35km (22 miles) southwest of Sahiwal. ... Mohenjo-daro (literally, mound of the dead), like Harappa, was a city of the Indus Valley civilization. ... Sindhī (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... The Elamo-Dravidian languages are a hypothesised language family which includes the living Dravidian languages of India and Pakistan, in addition to the extinct Elamite language of ancient Elam, in what is now southwestern Iran. ... Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ...

In Sindhi, Mooan-Jo-Daro literally translates to "Mound of Dead." A branch of these Aryan invadors called the Indo-Aryans are believed to have founded the Vedic Civilization that have existed between Sarasvati River and Ganges river around 1500 BC and also influenced Indus Valley Civilization. This civilization helped shape subsequent cultures in South Asia.
SindhÄ« (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... The Indo-Aryans make up 74% of the population of India and are the creators of the concept of the Aryan race. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Sarasvati River is an ancient river that is mentioned in Hindu texts. ... Early morning on the Ganges The River Ganges (Ganga in Indian languages) (Devanagiri गंगा) is a major river in northern India. ... (Redirected from 1500 BC) Centuries: 17th century BC - 16th century BC - 15th century BC Decades: 1550s BC 1540s BC 1530s BC 1520s BC 1510s BC - 1500s BC - 1490s BC 1480s BC 1470s BC 1460s BC 1450s BC Events and Trends Stonehenge built in Wiltshire, England The element Mercury has been... Excavated ruins of Mohenjo-daro. ... This article is about the geopolitical region in Asia. ...

Arab travellers, specifically Al-Beruni in his book 'Kitab-ul-Hind', has declared that even before the advent of Islam into Sindh (711 A.D.), Sindhi was prevalent in Sindh. It was not only widely spoken but written too in different scripts. Al-Beruni has described many Sindhi words leading to the conclusion, that Sindhi was widely spoken and rich in vocabulary in his times. Sindhī (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... Sindhī (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ... Sindhī (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ...

Sindh was often the final stop for Middle Eastern and Central Asian empires such as the Persians, Greeks, Arabs, Turks and Afghans this gave Sindh a distinct and unique culture even before the arrival of Islam.
Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... The Persians of Iran (officially named Persia by West until 1935 while still referred to as Persia by some) are an Iranian people who speak Persian (locally named Fârsi by native speakers) and often refer to themselves as ethnic Iranians as well. ... The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ) are an ethnic group found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ...

The site of a great deal of historical activity, Sindh was at the crossroads of civilization sitting at the edge of South Asia. Sindh was also one of the regions to become predominantly Muslim and was part of the earliest Islamic empires of the Abbasids and Umayyids. The Muslim technocrats, bureaucrats, soldiers, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, theologians and Sufis flocked from the rest of the Muslim world to Islamic Sultanate in Sindh. The Muslim Sufi missionaries played a pivotal role in converting the millions of native people to Islam. Settled by Turks, Afghans, and Mughals, Sindh continued to evolve as a frontier state and by the time of British involvement was ruled by Balouchi kings.
This article is about the geopolitical region in Asia. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Abbasid (Arabic: العبّاسيّون, AbbāsÄ«yÅ«n) is the dynastic name generally given to the caliph of Baghdad, the second of the two great Sunni dynasties of the Arab Empire, that overthrew the Umayyad caliphs from all but Spain. ... The Umayyad Dynasty (Arabic الأمويون / بنو أمية umawiyy; in Turkish, Emevi) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... A sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic monarch ruling under the terms of shariah. ... Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... Islam (Arabic:  ) is a monotheistic religion based upon the teachings of Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... The Baloch (Persian: بلوچ alternative transliterations Baluch, Balouch, Balooch, Balush, Balosh, Baloosh, Baloush et al. ...

Mass exodus of Hindu Sindhis

Prior to Independence, Sindh had voted to support the concept of a Muslim state. In 1947, the British gave Independence to India and formed what would become two new nations, Pakistan (West Pakistan) and Bangladesh (East Pakistan).

Sindh at the time had a 25% population of Hindu Sindhis, pre-occupied with trade and commerce. They were responsible for export of products made in Sindh and contributed significantly to the economy of Sindh. Generally, there was good relation between Hindu Sindhis and Muslims Sindhis, so when Partition of India occurred Sindhi Hindus expected to remain in Sindh. Unlike the Punjab and Bengal, which had been split between India and Pakistan, all of Sindh was alloted to Pakistan.The Problem started, when large waves of Urdu speaking Mohajirs started to pour into Sindh's cities and violence erupted on the streets. Millions of Hindu Sindhis were forced to flee Sindh leaving everything behind. Popati Hirandani (Sindhi writer, born in 1924) tell in her tells in her autobiography that the Police were merely onlookers when violence erupted and they did not protect the Hindus community. Many Hindu Sindhis wanted to return to their native Sindh when the violence settled down, but this was not possible as the Mohajirs were given the property of the Hindus such as land in the town of Hirabad. Currently, only 1.5 million Hindu Sindhis remain in Sindh. Muhajir is an Arabic word, widely used in the Muslim world that refers to someone who has emigrated from one place to another. ... Muhajir is an Arabic word, widely used in the Muslim world that refers to someone who has emigrated from one place to another. ...

The Hindu Sindhis that fled to India faced many hardships living in refugee camps, but the Hindu Sindhis worked themselves out of poverty earning the Sindhi community much respect and admiration. The Hindu Sindhis are now scattered through out the world and feel like a stateless people and regard Sindh as their roots.

Sindhi People Today

Native Sindhis complain that the new migrants to the province after 1947, the Urdu-speaking Muslims known as Muhajir failed to appreciate the local culture and traditions. Even the Sindhi which is native to Sindh, has been upsurped by Urdu which interestingly originated in India, but only came to Pakistan after the 1947 Partition. Muhajir or Mohajir (Arabic: مهاجر) is an Arabic word meaning refugee or immigrant or emigrant. ... Sindhī (सिन्धी, سنڌي) is the language of the Sindh region of South Asia, which is now a province of Pakistan. ...

Today, many Sindhi tribes inhabit the region of Sindh and parts of India. These tribes include the Phariro a tribe found predominantly in Ali Muhammad Phariro, Khanwahan, Naushahero Feroze and Kandiaro,Khaskhli- a tribe found predominantly in Larkana, ShahdadKot, and Tando Adam- the Dahar, Qasmi, Qureshi, Channa, Jukhio, Bundh, Tunio, Mangrio, Bohar, Jhatial, Thebo, Abbasi, Mangi, Qazi, Mahar, Sindhi Memon, Odho, Lunghar, Narejo, Sailra, Hakro,Banbhan and Syial among many others. Many of these tribes have resided in the region for generations. Sindh (SindhÄ«: سنڌ, UrdÅ«: سندھ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and is home to the Sindhis, and Muhajirs and various other groups. ... Larkana or Larkano (Urdu: لاڑکانہ, Sindhi: لاڙڪاڻو) is the fourth largest city located in the Northwest of Sindh Province, Pakistan. ... Tando Adam Khan (Urdu: ٹنڈو آدم خان ) is a town in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Species  Channa amphibeus - Borna snakehead  Channa argus argus  Channa argus warpachowskii - Amur snakehead  Channa asiatica - Small snakehead, chinafish  Channa aurantimaculata  Channa bankanensis  Channa barca - Barca snakehead  Channa bleheri  Channa burmanica  Channa cyanospilos  Channa diplogramma  Channa gachua - Dwarf snakehead  Channa harcourtbutleri - Burmese snakehead  Channa lucius  Channa maculata - Snakehead mullet  Channa marulioides... Mangrio ((Sindhi: ﻮﯾﺭﮝﻤ) is the most common cast (ذﺍت) of Sindhis living in Pakistan and India. ... Abbasi (Arabic:عباسی) is a prominent Muslim family name. ... The Chaga (or Wachaga, Chagga, Jagga, Dschagga, Waschagga, Wachagga) are Bantu speaking indigenous African tribe and the third largest ethnic group in Tanzania. ... The introduction of this article does not provide enough context for readers unfamiliar with the subject. ... Mahars constitute an important social group of Maharashtra state, India, and also of the adjoining Indian state of Goa. ... Sindhi Memons (Urdu: میمن; Sindhi: ميمڻ) are an ethnic group residing in Sindh Province of Pakistan. ... Hakro (Urdu: ہکڑو) is the name of a Sindhi tribe in Sindh, Pakistan. ...

Culture and society

A pair of Sindhi ceremonial shoes, c. 1930.

Sindhis are an Indo-Aryan language speaking people who have been modified by mainly Iranian, Turkic, Afghan and indigenous tribal populations over time. As a result of their geographic location and countless invasions and migration, the Sindhis display a wide variety of phenotypes. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... The Indo-Aryan languages form a subgroup of the Indo-Iranian languages, thus belonging to the Indo-European family of languages. ... This article is about the various peoples speaking one of the Turkic languages. ...

As regards the composition of the Sindhi population the two main stocks that inhabit Sind are related to, and common, one with the Punjab and another with Balochistan. The majority stock is that of Rajputs and Jats who are the partial descendants of Sakas (Indo-Scythians, Kushans and Huns who also constitute the majority of the population of the Punjab. The title Huna, i.e. Huns, remains in use by some clans and is possibly a reference to this partial ancestral lineage. During Kalhora,tribes such as the Phariro live in Ali Muhammad Phariro,Khanwahan, NushaheroFeroze KandiaroPhariro rule a number of Jat tribes such as the Sials, Joyas and Khawars came from the Punjab and settled in Sindh. They are called Sirai i.e., people from the north, and speak Siraiki, a group that overlaps and is sometimes considerable transitional between the Punjabis and Sindhis. The province of Balochistan (or Baluchistan) (Urdu: بلوچستان) in Pakistan is the largest in the country by geographical area. ... Rajput (from the Sanskrit tatpurusha compound , son of a king) is a Caste among Hindus in India, Pakistan and Nepal. ... Jats are now preeminently a farming community. ... Saka is also the name of a town in Hiroshima, Japan; for information on this town, see Saka, Hiroshima. ... The Indo-Scythian King of Kings Azes II (c. ... Boundary of the Kushan empire, c. ... The Huns were a confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads. ... The Huns were a confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads. ... Kalhora dynasty ruled Sindh province of Pakistan from 1701 to 1783 AD. Kalhoras ruled Sindh for 85 years and there were twelve Kalhora rulers during this time. ... http://www. ... The Jat people (IAST: , Hindi: , Punjabi: , Urdu: ‎) of Northern India and Pakistan, are descendants of Indo-Aryan/Indo-Scythian tribes. ... http://www. ... Johiya is a gotra or clan of Jats found in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan. ... Saraiki is an old language spoken in central Pakistan. ...

The two main Rajput tribes of Sind are: the Samma, a branch of the Yadav Rajputs who inhabit the eastern and lower Sind and Bahawalpur; and the Sumra who, according to the 1907 edition of the Gazetteer are a branch of the Parwar Rajputs. Among others are the Mahar/Mahers, Bhuttos, Ghanghros, Bhattis, Buriros, Lakkha, Sahetas, Lohanas, Mohano, Dahar, Indhar, Chachar, Dhareja, Rathors, Dakhan, Langah etc. The Mohano tribe is spread over Makran, Sind and southern Punjab. They are also identified with the 'Mallah' of the Punjab and both have in common a sub-section called Manjari. All of these Sindhi tribes are known under the common nomenclature of Sammat and includes both Muslim and Hindu Sindhis. there are kartia tribe also living in larkana shikarpur and dadu district it is the sub cost of junejo The smaller stock is that of Balochi tribes settled in various parts of Sind mostly during the last five hundred years or so. Since they were martial people and ruled over Sindh for some time before the arrival of the British, they acquired vast lands in the province with the result that a large number of present-day Sindhi landlords are of Baloch origin. According to the 1941 census, which was the last one held before independence, Balochis formed 23% of the total Muslim population of Sindh. Among the Balochi tribes inhabiting Sind are the Rind, Mengal, Domki, Gabol, Leghari, Lashari, Chandio, Bizenjo, Jatoi, Buledi, Khosa, Jamali, Umrani, Bugti, Marri, Mazari, Talpur, Brohi, Zehri, Korai, Bozdar, Zardari, and Magsi. These tribes are spread over Balochistan, Sindh and the south-western districts of the Punjab. This group is almost entirely Muslim. Rajput (from the Sanskrit tatpurusha compound , son of a king) is a Caste among Hindus in India, Pakistan and Nepal. ... Samma dynasty ruled in Sindh and parts of Punjab and Balochistan from 1351-1551 A.D. The Samma dynasty declined and was replaced by Arghun Dynasty. ... Yadav (Sanskrit: यादव) is a Indian caste which is referred to in ancient Dharmic scriptures. ... Bahawalpur (also Bhawalpur, Bhawulpore) (Urdu: بہاولپور ) is a city of (1998 pop. ... Bhutto may refer to: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (Also spelled Bhuto) was former Pakistani Prime Minister, deposed by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in 1970s. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Bhatti is a chandravanshi rajput clan and is one of the largest tribes of Rajputs, and also is a tribe of Jats. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Rathore or Rathor are a Rajput clan from western Rajasthan in India. ... Langah (Urdu: لنگاہ) is a city in located in southern Punjab, Pakistan. ... Makran is the southern region of Balochistan, in Iran and Pakistan along the coast of the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... The Baloch (Persian: بلوچ alternative transliterations Baluch, Balouch, Balooch, Balush, Balosh, Baloosh, Baloush et al. ... http://www. ... Marcus Valerius Martialis, known in English as Martial, was a Latin poet from Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula) best known for his twelve books of Epigrams, published in Rome between AD 86 and 103, during the reigns of the emperors Domitian, Nerva and Trajan. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... In botany, a rind is the thick outer skin of various structures such as fruit. ... Mengal (Urdu: مینگل ) is a famous Baloch tribe. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Domki Baloch. ... Gabol (Urdu: گبول ) is a Baloch tribe settled in Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. ... Leghari (Urdu: لغاری Sindhi: لغاري) also spelt as Laghari in Sindh is a Baloch tribe living in Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. ... Lashari is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh in Pakistan. ... Chandio is the name of a tribe. ... Bizenjo (Urdu: بزنجو ) is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan. ... Jatoi (Urdu: جتوئی ) is the name of a Baloch tribe in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Buledi (Urdu: بلیدی ) is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan. ... Khosa (Urdu: کھوسھ) is a Baloch tribe settled in Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. ... Jamali (Urdu: جمالی ) is the name of a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. ... Umrani is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh in Pakistan. ... Bugti (Urdu: بگٹی), is a Baloch tribe located in Balochistan, Pakistan. ... г For the Australian tree see Corymbia calophylla. ... Mazari is a tribe of the Baloch people of Pakistan. ... Talpur is a Baloch tribe that conquered and ruled Sindh, and other parts of Pakistan, from 1783 to 1843 AD. Talpur army defeated Kalhora dynasty in the battle of Halani in 1783 to became rulers of Sindh. ... Brahui(brohi), An ancient language mostly spoken in Balochistan,Pakistan. ... Zehri is a Brahui tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan. ... The Korai are a Baloch tribe settled in the Sind, Punjab, and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan. ... BOZDAR, a Baluch tribe of Rind (Arab) extraction, usually associated with the mountain districts of the frontier near Dera Ghazi Khan. ... Zardari (Urdu: زرداری) is a Sindhi tribe in Sindh, Pakistan. ... Magsi (Urdu: مگسی ) is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh in Pakistan. ... Balochistan or Baluchistan may refer to: Balochistan (region) is the name of a large region covering southwest Pakistan and southeast Iran Balochistan (Iran) is part of the Iranian Sistan and Baluchistan Province Balochistan (Pakistan) is the name of a province of Pakistan. ... Look up Punjab in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

A third sub-stock of the Sindhi population comprises the partial descendants (or claimants) of Muslim conquerors, administrators and missionaries who were mainly Arabs, Persians, Afghans and Turks (including the Mughals). They are a small minority settled in cities and towns and have largely blended with the other components of the population and yet maintain something of a sub-culture and are often referred to as Ashraf or the noble descendants of Muslim immigrants with a certain degree of prestige in society. Of this third element, Muslim Arabs have possibly contributed the most to the development of the modern Sindhi language and literature and to the advancement of its intellectual and cultural activities.

Another group of people who are largely overlooked in any discussions about groups and culture of Sindh are Haris a name derived from the term Harijan formerly used to describe Dalit people of India. These people are generally believed to be the descendants of indigenous populations that were enslaved by various invading people. Many are still living under abject poverty and in slave like conditions in rural Sindh, in spite of many efforts by the government to improve the situation.^[3] Some are nominally Hindus where as others have converted to Islam and moved on as artisans and wage laborers. They form up to 24% of Muslim population and up to 60% of population of districts of Umerkot, Thatta, Badin, Dadu etc. Haris is: a traditional name for the star Gamma Boötis a township in East Azarbaijan, Iran This is a disambiguation page — a list of articles associated with the same title. ... In South Asias caste system, an untouchable, dalit, or achuta is a person outside of the four castes, and considered below them. ... In South Asias caste system, a Dalit; often called an untouchable; is a person of shudra; the lowest of the four castes. ...

The last group of immigrants are the Urdu speaking Muhajirs who may form up to 40% of population of Sindh. See Muhajir page for all Muhajir groups in the world Muhajir or Mohajir-Urdu (also called Urdu speakers) (Urdu: مہاجر) is a term widely used to describe the Urdu speaking Muslims that migrated to Pakistan after the independence of Pakistan and their descendants. ...

Many famous Sindhis who born in Sindh and claimed International Recognition in their fields can be found at Famous Sindhis.

The Islamic Sindhi culture is a combination of Islamic traditions and local traditions with variances that include an adherence to a Muslim diet, i.e. Halal. Sindhi culture also absorbed considerable Arab cultural influence as well as that of the Iranian Baloch who still comprise a significant minority that have assimilated well with the Sindhis. Sindh is home to the Hindus who have remained in Pakistan as well as other religious groups such as Parsis. Muslim Sindhis tend to follow the Sunni sect, but Shia Muslims are a substantial minority. Islam (Arabic: ; ( â–¶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Languages Arabic other languages (Arab minorities) Religions Predominantly Islam Some adherents of Druze, Judaism, Samaritan, Christianity Related ethnic groups Mizrachi Jews, Sephardi Jews, Ashkenazi Jews, Canaanites, other Semitic-speaking groups An Arab (Arabic: ‎); is a member of a Non-Semetic group of people whose cultural, linguistic, and in certain cases... The Baloch (Persian: بلوچ alternative transliterations Baluch, Balouch, Balooch, Balush, Balosh, Baloosh, Baloush et al. ... a person from Pars (the middle-Persian word for Fars), a region now within the geographical boundaries of Iran, and is roughly the original homeland of the Persian people. ... Sunni Islam (Arabic سنّة) is the largest denomination of Islam. ... Shiʻa Islam (Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite) makes up the second largest sect of believers in Islam, constituting about 30%–35% of all Muslim. ...

Sindhi women in Pakistan are still very traditional overall, but many wear very colorful clothes, while donning a chador on their heads; men traditionally wear white and/or blue Shalwar Kameez and sometimes wear turbans or a traditional Sindhi cap on their heads with Sindhi Ajruk. This, however, has changed in cities where some more devout women can be seen wearing the hijab, while the shalwar kameez and Western clothing have become common for men. Sari used to be popular amongst the ladies of the elite like the Bhutto but has now lost favor to shalwar Kameez. A chador (Persian چادر) is an outer garment worn by some Iranian women when they venture out into public; it is one possible way in which a Muslim woman may follow the Islamic ħijāb dress code. ... Illustration of an Islamic headscarf Hijab or ħijāb () is the Arabic term for cover (noun), based on the root حجب meaning to veil, to cover (verb), to screen, to shelter In some Arabic-speaking countries and Western countries, the word hijab primarily refers to womens head and body covering... Salwar kameez is the traditional dress worn by various peoples of south-central Asia. ... A traditional north Indian style sari. ... Bhutto may refer to: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (Also spelled Bhuto) was former Pakistani Prime Minister, deposed by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in 1970s. ... Salwar kameez is the traditional dress worn by various peoples of south-central Asia. ...

Sindhis usually flourish in business particularly that of cloth and textiles. Many also work in agriculture and manufacturing jobs. Literacy remains low but is improving for Sindhis. Less than 50% of Sindhis are illiterate, in Pakistan.

Muslim Sindhis tend to have traditional Muslim names, but sometimes with localized variations, while most Hindu Sindhis are identifiable by the "ani" at the end their last names like Malkani, Advani, Vaswani, Ramchandani, etc. However, many Sindhi tribes' (even those with Balouchi orientation) names end with "ani" regardless whether they are Muslim or Hindu. Examples include the Umrani, Chutani, Dalkhani, Raisani, Advani, Gowindani, Sanjrani, Nazamani, Mirani, Admani among others. Some famous Sindhis include the Bhutto family, who are a Sindhi political dynasty in Pakistan, Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai who was a writer of Sindhi poetry, the billionaires Hinduja brothers of India & L.K.Advani who was the deputy Prime Minister of India & is a big political figure in the country. Balouchis in their National Dress, from a 1910 photograph. ... Umrani is a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh in Pakistan. ... Raisani is a Brahui tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan. ... Lal Krishna Advani (Sindhi: लाल कृष्ण आडवाणी) also known as Lal Kishenchand Advani (born November 8, 1927, Karachi, British India) was the President of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) until year-end 2005 and is Leader of the Opposition in the 14th Lok Sabha. ... Sanjrani is a Baloch tribe settled in Balochistan and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. ... Mirani is the name of a Baloch tribe in Balochistan and Sindh in larkana. ... Bhutto may refer to: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (Also spelled Bhuto) was former Pakistani Prime Minister, deposed by General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in 1970s. ... Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai (1689-1752), was a great Sufi scholar and saint, and is considered as the greatest poet of the Sindhi language. ... The Hinduja brothers — Srichand (born 28 November 1935), Gopichand (born 29 February 1940) and Prakash — are an Indian business family. ... Lal Krishna Advani (born November 8, 1927/1929, Karachi) is an Indian politician. ...

References

External links

• The famous Sindhi City of India
• Sindhi Sangat - The most known Sindhi Organization in India & Dubai
• http://www.YoungSindhiAdults.org - Website for YSA, a great organization with an educational, cultural and social focus for Young Sindhi Adults around the globe!
• http://www.beyondsindh.com/home.php A youth Hindu Sindhi magazine website
• http://www.sindhiana.com Sindhi Literary Magazine
• http://bharatratna.com/ A Hindu Sindhi magazine website
• http://www.sindhi-net.com/ A Hindu Sindhi website
• http://www.gujaratsindhudham.org -Dariyalal Jhulelal Temple, A Heritage Monument at Gandhinagar, India dedicated to Sindhi Culture, Events, Indus Civilisation and Hindu Sindhi People

See also

• Raja Dahar
• Hoshu Sheedi
• Hamoon Kalani
• Baloch
• Dr. N. A Baloch
• Sindh
• Famous Sindhis
• Sindhi language
• Muhajir Urdu
• History of Sindh
• India
• Talpurs
• Memon
• Mangrio
• Memon Community
• Bantva
• Memon (tribe)
• Memoni language
• Sindhi Memon
• Memons of Sri Lanka
• Muslims in Sri Lanka
• Memons