The Sindhia, also spelled Scindia , Sindia, or Shinde are a prominent Maratha family in India.
The dynasty was founded by Ranoji Shinde, who the Maratha Peshwa, or chief minister, put in charge of the Maratha conquests in Malwa in 1726. Ranoji established his capital at Ujjain before his death in 1750; later, his successor Daulat Rao Sindhia moved the Sindhia capital to Gwalior. The Sindhia state of Gwalior became a major regional power in the latter half of the eighteenth century; they figured prominently in the three Anglo-Maratha Wars, held sway over many of the Rajput states, and conquered the state of Amber. After the defeat of the allied Maratha states by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War of 1818, the Sindhia were forced to accept local autonomy as a princely state within the British Raj and to give up Amber to the British. The Sindhia family ruled Gwalior until India's independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, when the MaharajaJiyajirao Scindia acceded to India, and Gwalior was merged with a number of other princely states to become the new Indian state of Madhya Bharat in 1950.
The house of Sindhia traces its descent from a family of which one branch held the hereditary post of patel in Kannerkhera, a village 16 miles east of Satara.
In 1782 the Treaty of Salbai was made with Sindhia, the chief stipulations being that he shoud withdraw to Ujjain, and the British north of the Yamuna, and that he should negotiate treaties with the other belligerents.
The continual evasion shown by Sindhia in all attempts at negotiation brought him into conflict with the British, and his power was competely destroyed in both western and northern India by the British victories at Ahmadnagar, Assaye, Asirgarh, and Laswari.
In 1527, after a strenuous resistance, the fort was captured by Baber and with the surrounding country passed under the sway of the Moguls, being included by Akbar in the province of Agra.
In 1779 the rana of Gohad joined the British forces against Sindhia, under a treaty which stipulated that, at the conclusion of peace between the English and Mahrattas, all the territories then in his possession should be guaranteed to him, and protected from invasion by Sindhia.
This protection was subsequently withdrawn, the rana having been guilty of treachery, and in 1783 Sindhia succeeded in recapturing the fortress of Gwalior, and crushed his Jat opponent by seizing the whole of Gohad.
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