Siphonophora
Portuguese Man o' War, Physalia physalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Cnidaria Class: Hydrozoa Order: Siphonophora Eschscholtz, 1829
Families
See text. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1100x1508, 690 KB) Physalia Physalis - Portuguese man-of-war - Noaa - PD Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [1] File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are... This article is about the marine invetebrate. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Animalia redirects here. ... Classes Anthozoa - Corals and sea anemones Scyphozoa - Jellyfish Staurozoa - Stalked jellyfish Cubozoa - Sea wasps or box jellyfish Polypodiozoa Hydrozoa - Hydroids, hydra-like animals Cnidaria[1] (IPA: [2]) is a phylum containing some 11,000 species of relatively simple animals found exclusively in aquatic, mostly marine, environments. ... Subclasses Anthomedusae Laingiomedusae Leptomedusae Limnomedusae Siphonophorae Actinulidae Narcomedusae Trachymedusae Polypodiozoa Organisms of the Class Hydrozoa belong to the phylum Cnidaria. ... Johann Friedrich Eschscholtz (1 November 1793 - 19 May 1831) was an Estonian physician, botanist, zoologist and entomologist. ...

Siphonophora is an order of the Hydrozoa, a class of marine invertebrates belonging to the phylum Cnidaria. They are colonial, and the colonies may superficially resemble jellyfish. The best known species is the Portuguese Man o' War. Each Man o' War is a colony. Subclasses Anthomedusae Laingiomedusae Leptomedusae Limnomedusae Siphonophorae Actinulidae Narcomedusae Trachymedusae Polypodiozoa Organisms of the Class Hydrozoa belong to the phylum Cnidaria. ... Invertebrate is a term that describes any animal without a spinal column. ... Classes Anthozoa - Corals and sea anemones Scyphozoa - Jellyfish Staurozoa - Stalked jellyfish Cubozoa - Sea wasps or box jellyfish Polypodiozoa Hydrozoa - Hydroids, hydra-like animals Cnidaria[1] (IPA: [2]) is a phylum containing some 11,000 species of relatively simple animals found exclusively in aquatic, mostly marine, environments. ... In biology, a colony (from Latin colonia) means several individual organisms of the same species living closely together, usually for mutual benefit, such as stronger defences, the ability to attack bigger prey etc. ... Orders Stauromedusae Coronatae Semaeostomeae Rhizostomae Jellyfish are marine invertebrates belonging to the Scyphozoan class. ... This article is about the marine invetebrate. ...

Siphonophora are especially scientifically interesting because they are composed of medusoid and polypoid zooids that are morphologically and functionally specialized. Each zooid is an individual, but their integration with each other is so strong that the colony attains the character of one large individual; and most of the zooids are so specialized that they lack the ability to survive on their own. Thus it is debatable whether zooids or siphonophora are individuals. Also, because complex multicellular organisms have cells which, like zooids, are specialized and interdependent, siphonophora may provide clues regarding their evolution.^[1] The term morphology in biology refers to the outward appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern) of an organism or taxon and its component parts. ... Multicellular organisms are those organisms containing more than one cell, and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ...

A siphonophore from the genus Erenna has been discovered at a depth of around 1,600 meters off the coast of Monterey, California. The individuals from these colonies are strung together like a feather boa. They prey on small animals using stinging cells. Among the stinging cells are stalks with red glowing ends. The tips twitch back and forth creating a twinkling effect. It is theorized that twinkling red light attracts small fish that have been found eaten by these siphonophores. Nickname: The Cradle of History, Californias First City Location of Monterey, California County Monterey Government  - Mayor Chuck Della Sala Area    - City 30. ... Woman with a black feather boa, c. ...

While many sea animals produce blue and green bioluminescence, this siphonophore is only the second found to produce a red light (the first being the scaleless dragonfish). Image of hundreds of agar plates cultured with a species of bioluminescent marine bacteria displayed in a pattern as an art exhibit called Bioglyphs at Montana State University–Bozeman. ...

Haeckel's siphonophores

Ernst Haeckel described a number of siphonophores, and several plates from his Kunstformen der Natur (1904) depict members of the taxon. Ernst Haeckel. ...

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References

• Haddock SH, Dunn CW, Pugh PR, Schnitzler CE (2005). Bioluminescent and red-fluorescent lures in a deep-sea siphonophore. Science 309 (5732): 263. PMID 16002609. 

1. ^ [1]

Science is the journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Siphonophora

• http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/mhng/hydrozoa/sipho/siphonophora.htm
• http://siphonophores.org

Siphonophora - the "conveyor belt" of the upgrowing larvae can be seen