Preceded by: Seti II	Pharaoh of Egypt 19th Dynasty	Succeeded by: Twosret
Siptah
Reign	1194 BC – 1188 BC
Praenomen	Sekhaenre-meryamun (early form) Akhenre-setepenre (late form)
Nomen	Siptah Merenptah[1]
Horus name	Kanakht Meryhapi Sankhtanebemkafraneb
Nebty name	Saaiunu
Golden Horus	Unclear
Died	1187 BC
Burial	KV47, in the Valley of the Kings

Akhenre Setepenre Siptah or Merneptah Siptah was the penultimate ruler of the 19th Dynasty and the son of an obscure Queen named Sutailja. His father's identity is currently unknown. He was not the crown prince, but succeeded to the throne as a child after the death of Seti II. His accession date occurred on II Peret day 2 around the month of December.^[2] Italic textIf youre interested in IAMX theater see, the mystery of the river Nile Pharaoh was the ancient Egyptian name for the office of kingship. ... Khafres Pyramid (4th dynasty) and Great Sphinx of Giza (c. ... Khafres Pyramid (4th dynasty) and Great Sphinx of Giza (c. ... nomen or birth name Userkheperure Setepenre/Meryamun Seti II (reigned 1200 BC - 1194 BC) was the sixth ruler of the Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt. ... Italic textIf youre interested in IAMX theater see, the mystery of the river Nile Pharaoh was the ancient Egyptian name for the office of kingship. ... Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Nineteenth Dynasty. ... nomen or birth name Queen Twosret Sitre Meryamun was a Queen of Egypt and the last Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... (Redirected from 1194 BC) Centuries: 13th century BC - 12th century BC - 11th century BC Decades: 1240s BC 1230s BC 1220s BC 1210s BC 1200s BC - 1190s BC - 1180s BC 1170s BC 1160s BC 1150s BC 1140s BC Events and Trends 1197 BC -The beginning of first period (1197 BC - 982... Centuries: 13th century BC - 12th century BC - 11th century BC Decades: 1230s BC 1220s BC 1210s BC 1200s BC 1190s BC - 1180s BC - 1170s BC 1160s BC 1150s BC 1140s BC 1130s BC Events and trends April 24 1184 BC - Traditional date of the fall of Troy. ... The royal titulary or royal protocol of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... The royal titulary or royal protocol of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... The royal titulary or royal protocol of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... The royal titulary or royal protocol of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... The royal titulary or royal protocol of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... Centuries: 13th century BC - 12th century BC - 11th century BC Decades: 1230s BC 1220s BC 1210s BC 1200s BC 1190s BC - 1180s BC - 1170s BC 1160s BC 1150s BC 1140s BC 1130s BC Events and trends April 24 1184 BC - Traditional date of the fall of Troy. ... Tomb KV47, located in the Valley of the Kings, in Egypt was used for the burial of Siptah of the Nineteenth Dynasty. ... Location of the valley in the Theban Hills, West of the Nile, October 1988 (red box shows location) The Valley of the Kings (Arabic: وادي الملوك Wadi Biban el-Muluk; Gates of the King)[1] is a valley in Egypt where for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to... nomen or birth name Userkheperure Setepenre/Meryamun Seti II (reigned 1200 BC - 1194 BC) was the sixth ruler of the Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt. ...

Origins

Historically, it was believed that Queen Tiaa, a wife of Seti II, was the mother of Siptah.^[3] This view persisted until it was eventually realized that a relief in the Louvre Museum (E 26901) "pairs Siptah's name together with the name of his mother" a certain Sutailja or Shoteraja.^[4] Sutailja was a Canaanite rather than a native Egyptian name which means that she was almost certainly a king's concubine from Canaan.^[5] The identity of his father is currently unknown; some Egyptologists speculate it may have been Amenmesse rather than Seti II. Siptah may have been a son of Amenmesse since both rulers spent their youth in Chemmis^[6] and both are specifically excluded from Ramesses III's Medinet Habu procession of statues of ancestral kings unlike Merneptah or Seti II which suggest that Amenmesse and Siptah were inter-related in such a way that they were "regarded as illegitimate rulers and that therefore they were probably father and son"^[7]. A headless statue of Siptah now in Munich also shows him seated on the lap of another Pharaoh, presumably his father. Dodson states "The only ruler of the period who could have promoted such destruction was Amenmesse, and likewise he was the only king whose offspring would have required such explicit promotion. The demolition of this figure is likely to have closely followed the fall of Bay or the death of Siptah himself, when any shorlived rehabilitation of Amenmesse would have ended"^[8]. If Siptah was a son of Seti II, it is unlikely that he would have been considered to be an illegitimate king by later New Kingdom pharaohs. Due to his young age and perhaps his problematic parentage--he was placed under the guidance of his step-mother, the queen regent, Twosret.^[9] Tiaa was the third wife of Pharaoh Seti II, after Takhat II and Twosret. ... Menmire–setepenre Eternal like Re, Chosen by Re Nomen Amenmesse Born of Amun Horus name Kanakht Merymaat Sementawy Nebty name Werbiaytemipetsut[1] Golden Horus Unclear Consort(s) Baktwerel Father Merneptah Mother Takhat Died 1200 BC Burial KV10[2] Amenmesse (also Amenmesses) was the 5th ruler of the Nineteenth Dynasty in... Menmire–setepenre Eternal like Re, Chosen by Re Nomen Amenmesse Born of Amun Horus name Kanakht Merymaat Sementawy Nebty name Werbiaytemipetsut[1] Golden Horus Unclear Consort(s) Baktwerel Father Merneptah Mother Takhat Died 1200 BC Burial KV10[2] Amenmesse (also Amenmesses) was the 5th ruler of the Nineteenth Dynasty in... Usermaatre Meryamun Powerful one of Maat and Ra, Beloved of Amun Nomen Ramesse Hekaiunu Ra bore him, Ruler of Heliopolis Died 1151 BC Burial KV11 Major Monuments Medinet Habu Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty and is considered to be... Menmire–setepenre Eternal like Re, Chosen by Re Nomen Amenmesse Born of Amun Horus name Kanakht Merymaat Sementawy Nebty name Werbiaytemipetsut[1] Golden Horus Unclear Consort(s) Baktwerel Father Merneptah Mother Takhat Died 1200 BC Burial KV10[2] Amenmesse (also Amenmesses) was the 5th ruler of the Nineteenth Dynasty in... Chancellor Bay on the door jamb of the Amada temple, Nubia, shown adoring the cartouch of Siptah Chancellor Bay was an important non-Egyptian official who rose to prominence and high office under Seti II Userkheperure Setepenre and later became an influential powerbroker in the closing stages of the 19th... nomen or birth name Queen Twosret Sitre Meryamun was a Queen of Egypt and the last Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty. ...

Siptah ruled Egypt for 6 years from 1194 to 1188 BC as a young man. His step-mother and Seti II's Chief Queen, Twosret, became the Queen Regent at the Royal Court because of his relative youth. Siptah was only a child of ten or eleven years when he assumed power since a medical examination of his mummy reveals the king to have been a teenager of about 16 years old at death.^[10] He was tall at 1.6 metres and had curly reddish brown hair while his left foot was severely deformed presumably from polio^[11] Events November 20 - Palermo falls to Henry VI, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire December 25 - Henry VI is crowned king of Sicily. ... Events Saladin unsuccessfully besieges the Hospitaller fortress of Krak des Chevaliers in modern Syria. ... nomen or birth name Queen Twosret Sitre Meryamun was a Queen of Egypt and the last Pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty. ... Poliomyelitis (polio), or infantile paralysis, is a viral paralytic disease. ...

Reign

Chancellor Bay publicly boasts that he was instrumental in installing Siptah on the throne in several inscriptions including an Aswan stela set up by Seti, the Viceroy of Kush^[12] and at Gebel el-Silsila.^[13][14] Bay, however, later fell out of favour at Court and last appears in public in a dated Year 4 inscription from Siptah's reign. He was executed in the fifth Year of Siptah's reign, on orders of the king himself. News of his execution was passed to the Workmen of Deir el-Medina in Ostraca IFAO 1254. This ostraca was translated and published in 2000 by Pierre Grandet in a French Egyptological journal^[15]. Callendar notes that the reason for the king's message to the workmen was to notify them to cease all work on decorating Bay's tomb since Bay had now been deemed a traitor to the state.^[16] Chancellor Bay on the door jamb of the Amada temple, Nubia, shown adoring the cartouch of Siptah Chancellor Bay was an important non-Egyptian official who rose to prominence and high office under Seti II Userkheperure Setepenre and later became an influential powerbroker in the closing stages of the 19th... Gebel el-Silsila is 65km north of Aswan, where the cliffs on both sides of the Nile narrow. ... Deir al-Madinah is the Arabic name of an Ancient Egyptian village that was home to the artisans who built the temples and tombs ordered by the pharaohs and other dignitaries during the New Kingdom period (18th to 20th dynasties) in the Valley of the Kings. ... An ostracon with Pericles name written on it (c. ...

Siptah himself died soon after in his 7th, rather than his 6th Regnal Year, as previously thought.^[17] After his death, Twosret simply assumed his Regnal Years and ruled Egypt as a Queen for almost 2 full years. Siptah was buried in the Valley of the Kings, in tomb KV47^[18], but his mummy was not found there. In 1898, it was discovered along with 18 others in a mummy cache within the (KV35) tomb of Amenhotep II. An examination of Siptah's mummy reveals that he died around the age of 16 and likely suffered from polio with a severely deformed and crippled left foot.^[19] The study of his tomb shows that it was conceived and planned in the same style as those of Twosret and Bay, clearly part of the same architectural design. Location of the valley in the Theban Hills, West of the Nile, October 1988 (red box shows location) The Valley of the Kings (Arabic: وادي الملوك Wadi Biban el-Muluk; Gates of the King)[1] is a valley in Egypt where for a period of nearly 500 years from the 16th to... Tomb KV47, located in the Valley of the Kings, in Egypt was used for the burial of Siptah of the Nineteenth Dynasty. ... Tomb KV35 in the Valley of the Kings (Luxor, Egypt) is the tomb of Amenhotep II. It was discovered by Victor Loret in March 1898. ... Aakheperure Great are the forms of Re Nomen Amenhotep Heka Iunu Amun is Satisfied, Ruler of Heliopolis Horus name Ka Nakht Wer Pekhty Strong Bull, Great of Power Nebty name User Fau Sekha Em Wast Powerful of Splendour, Appearing in Thebes Golden Horus Ity Sekhemef em Tau Neb Who seizes...

Trivia

Siptah's tomb figures in L. Sprague de Camp's historical novel The Dragon of the Ishtar Gate where the novel's heroes, Bessas the Persian and Myron of Miletos, have to obtain the king's ear for Xerxes II of Persia. L. Sprague de Camp from the cover of Time and Chance: an Autobiography, Donald M. Grant, 1996 Lyon Sprague de Camp, (November 27, 1907, New York City – November 6, 2000, Plano, Texas) was an American science fiction and fantasy author. ... A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the author. ... The Dragon of the Ishtar Gate by L. Sprague de Camp, Doubleday, 1961 The Dragon of the Ishtar Gate is an historical novel by L. Sprague de Camp, first published in hardcover by Doubleday in 1961, and in paperback by Lancer Books in 1968. ... Xerxes II was a Persian king and the son and successor of Artaxerxes I. After a reign of forty-five days, he was assassinated in 424 BC by his brother Sogdianus, who in turn was murdered by Darius II. He is an obscure historical figure known primarily from the writings...

References

1. ^ [1] Siptah (Sapath)
2. ^ Jürgen von Beckerath, Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten, MAS:Philipp von Zabern, (1997), p.201
3. ^ Cyril Aldred, The parentage of King Siptah, JEA 49 (1963), pp.41-48
4. ^ Gae Callender, The Cripple, the Queen & the Man from the North, KMT Volume 17, No.1 (Spring 2006), p.52; Callender's source comes from page 140 of Thomas Schneider's ZAS 130 (2003) paper titled Siptah und Beja
5. ^ Gae Callender, The Cripple, the Queen & the Man from the North, KMT, 2006, p.52
6. ^ Cyril Aldred, The Parentage of King Siptah, JEA 49 (1963), pp.41-60
7. ^ J.E. Harris & E.F. Wente, An X-Ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies (Chicago, 1980), p.147
8. ^ Dodson, Aidan, (2004), "The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt" (Egyptian University of Cairo Press) p.181
9. ^ Callender, op. cit., p.52
10. ^ G.E. Smith, The Royal Mummies (Cairo 1912), pp.70-73
11. ^ Smith, op. cit., pp.70-73
12. ^ LD III, 202c
13. ^ LD III, 202a
14. ^ Callender, op. cit., p.63
15. ^ Pierre Grandet, "L'execution du chancelier Bay O. IFAO 1864," BIFAO 100(2000) pp.339-345
16. ^ Callender, op. cit., p.54
17. ^ Beckerath, op. cit., p.201
18. ^ KV47 Siptah
19. ^ Callendar, op. cit., p.52