| Fanzines (1691 words) |
 | Fanzines are not funded or subsidized by commercial or public entities; publishers, editors and contributors receive no financial compensation, and fanzines are traditionally circulated for at most a nominal cost to defray postage or production expenses, in exchange for similar publications or contributions for publication, or free of charge to any interested parties. |
 | Early fanzines were hand-drafted or typed on a manual typewriter and printed using primitive reproduction techniques (e.g., the spirit duplicator or even the hectograph). |
 | The Punk explosion in the United Kingdom led to a massive upsurge of interest in fanzines as an alternative to the mainstream media that was felt to be too exploitative, capitalist, and essentially uninterested in the Punk Movement and the concerns of disaffected youth. |