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A socialengineer will commonly use the telephone or Internet to trick people into revealing sensitive information or getting them to do something that is against typical policies.
By this method, socialengineers exploit the natural tendency of a person to trust his or her word, rather than exploiting computer security holes.
A contemporary example of a socialengineering attack is the use of e-mail attachments that contain malicious payloads (that, for instance, use the victim's machine to send massive quantities of spam).