Part of the series on Anglicanism
Organization
Anglican Communion 'focus of unity': Archbishop of Canterbury 'instruments of communion': Lambeth Conferences Anglican Consultative Council Primates' Meeting Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Anglicanism is the term used to encapsulate... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3200x2400, 1040 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: United Kingdom Canterbury Cathedral ... The Anglican Communion uses the compass rose as its symbol, signifying its worldwide reach and decentralized nature. ... The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader and senior clergyman of the Church of England, recognized by convention as the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Anglican Consultative Council is one of the four Instruments of Unity of the Anglican Communion. ... The Anglican Communion Primates Meetings are regular meetings of the senior archbishops and bishops of the Anglican Communion. ...
Background
Christianity English Reformation Apostolic Succession Catholicism Episcopal polity Christianity percentage by country, purple is highest, orange is lowest Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch... King Henry VIII of England The English Reformation refers to the series of events in sixteenth century England by which the church in England broke away from the authority of the Pope and consequently the entire Catholic church; it formed part of the wider Protestant Reformation, a religious and political... In Christianity, the doctrine of Apostolic Succession (or the belief that the Church is apostolic) maintains that the Christian Church today is the spiritual successor to the original body of believers in Christ, composed of the Apostles. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      As a Christian ecclesiastical... It has been suggested that episcopal be merged into this article or section. ...
People
Henry VIII Thomas Cranmer Thomas Cromwell Elizabeth I Richard Hooker Charles I William Laud Henry VIII (28 June 1491 - 28 January 1547) was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland, from 22 April 1509 until his death. ... Thomas Cranmer (July 2, 1489 – March 21, 1556) was the Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of the English kings Henry VIII and Edward VI. He is credited with writing and compiling the first two Books of Common Prayer which established the basic structure of Anglican liturgy for centuries and... Thomas Cromwell: detail from a portrait by Hans Holbein, 1532-3 Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex ( 1485 - July 28, 1540) was an English statesman, one of the most important political figures of the reign of Henry VIII of England. ... Elizabeth I redirects here. ... This article is about the Anglican theologian. ... Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, King of Scotland and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. ... Archbishop William Laud (October 7, 1573 – January 10, 1645) was Archbishop of Canterbury and a fervent supporter of King Charles I of England, whom he encouraged to believe in divine right. ...
Liturgy and Worship
Book of Common Prayer High Church · Low Church Broad Church Oxford Movement Thirty-Nine Articles Doctrine · Ministry Sacraments Saints in Anglicanism For the novel by Joan Didion, see A Book of Common Prayer. ... High Church relates to ecclesiology and liturgy in Christian theology and practice. ... Low church is a term of distinction in the Church of England or other Anglican churches, initially designed to be pejorative. ... Broad church is a term referring to latitudinarian churches in the Church of England. ... The Oxford Movement was a loose affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of them members of the University of Oxford, who sought to demonstrate that the Church of England was a direct descendant of the Christian church established by the Apostles. ... The Thirty-Nine Articles are the defining statements of Anglican doctrine. ... Look up doctrine in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Like other churches in the Catholic tradition, the Anglican Communion recognises seven sacraments. ... The provinces of the Anglican Communion commemorate many of the same saints as those in the Roman Catholic calendar, often on the same days, but also commemorate various famous (often post-Reformation and/or English) Christians who have not been canonized. ... This box: view • talk • edit

The Symbol of the Society of the Holy Cross

Father Lowder

Father Tooth

Father Mackonochie

The Society of the Holy Cross (SSC) is an international Anglo-Catholic society of priests with members in the Anglican Communion, the Continuing Anglican Movement, and the Roman Catholic Church's Anglican Use. The society's name is abbreviated as SSC from the initials of the society's Latin name, Societas Sanctae Crucis. Symbol of the Society of the Holy Cross This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Symbol of the Society of the Holy Cross This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Father Lowder London mission preacher; born at Bath June 22, 1820; died at Zell am See (40 m. ... Image File history File links FatherTooth. ... Image File history File links FatherTooth. ... Father Arthur Tooth SSC (1839–1931), a Ritualist and clergyman in the Church of England, and a member of the Society of the Holy Cross, is most famous for having being prosecuted in 1876 under the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 for using proscribed liturgical practices. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Father Mackonochie The Symbol of the Society of the Holy Cross Alexander Heriot Mackonochie SSC (August 11, 1825 - December 14, 1887) was a Church of England clergyman and mission priest known as the martyr of St. ... The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism describe people, groups, ideas, customs and practices within Anglicanism that emphasise continuity with Catholic tradition. ... The Anglican Communion uses the compass rose as its symbol, signifying its worldwide reach and decentralized nature. ... The Continuing Anglican Movement is a group of Christian churches which follow the Anglican tradition but which split from one or another province of the Anglican Communion because of its perceived rejection of orthodoxy. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic... The Anglican Use is an adaptation or usage of the liturgy of the Catholic Roman Rite that is used by some formerly Anglican ecclesial communities that submitted to the authority of the Roman Pontiff. ...

It is not to be confused with the Roman Catholic Priestly Society of the Holy Cross which is an association of Opus Dei nor with the Society of the Holy Cross (Korea) (SHC), an order of nuns within the Anglican Church of Korea. Josemaría Escrivá, the founder of Opus Dei Opus Dei, formally known as The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, is an organization of the Catholic Church that emphasizes the Catholic belief that everyone is called to holiness and that ordinary life is a path to sanctity. ... The Society of the Holy Cross is an order of women religious (or nuns) in the Anglican Church of Korea. ... For other uses, see Nun (disambiguation). ... Founded in 1889 there are at present over 100 parish and mission churches with roughly 50,000 members in the Anglican Church of Korea. ...

Founding and Early History

The society was founded on February 28, 1855 in the Chapel of the House of Charity, Soho, London by six Anglican priests: Charles Fuge Lowder, Charles Maurice Davies, David Nicols, Alfred Poole, Joseph Newton Smith and Henry Augustus Rawes. The Society they formed was initially intended as a spiritual association for their own personal edification, but it soon came to be the driving force behind the Anglo-Catholic movement, particularly after the first phase of the Oxford Movement had played its course and John Henry Newman had converted to Roman Catholicism. February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1855 (MDCCCLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Cast-iron architecture in Greene Street SoHo is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... Father Lowder London mission preacher; born at Bath June 22, 1820; died at Zell am See (40 m. ... ... The Oxford Movement was a loose affiliation of High Church Anglicans, most of them members of the University of Oxford, who sought to demonstrate that the Church of England was a direct descendant of the Christian church established by the Apostles. ... J H Newman age 23 when he preached his first sermon. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ...

Father Lowder was the Founder of the Society and served as its first Master. While visiting France in 1854, he conceived of the idea of an order of Anglican priests based on the Lazarists, a Roman Catholic order founded by St Vincent de Paul. The SSC provided its members with a Rule of Life and a vision of a disciplined priestly life. Mutual support has always been a key element and the life of the Society is experienced primarily through the local Chapter. Attendance at Chapter is of obligation unless prevented by genuine pastoral duties. Lazarites (Lazarists or Lazarians) are the popular names of the Congregation of Priests of the Mission in the Roman Catholic Church. ... Saint Vincent de Paul (April 24, 1581 – September 27, 1660) was born at Pouy, Landes, Gascony, France to a peasant family. ...

The SSC expanded almost immediately. These early priests of the Society ministered in some of the poorest slum areas of London and other cities. These included the parishes of: St Barnabas' Pimlico and St Peter's London Docks. Many of these areas were so dangerous that bishops refused to visit them, although their refusal was also motivated by a distaste for the ritualism of the Anglo-Catholic clergy.

Anglo-Catholic ritualism was very close to practices in the Roman Catholic Church and included devotion to the Blessed Sacrament, frequent celebration of the Mass with intentions, the practice of auricular confession, the wearing of eucharistic vestments, and the use of incense, liturgical hand bells, and wafer breads. Whilst these practices had not been completely unknown in the Church of England since its break with the Papacy, most of them had not been in general use for hundreds of years as the Church of England had become increasingly Protestant in its liturgical practice after the reign of Elizabeth I. In general, the term, Ritualism can be used to describe an outlook which places a great (or even exaggerated) emphasis on ritual. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic... The Blessed Sacrament is displayed in a procession at the 2005 Southeastern Eucharistic Congress. ... Modern confessional in the Church of the Holy Name, Dunedin, New Zealand. ... Vestments are liturgical garments and articles associated primarily with the Christian religions, especially the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Anglican Churches. ... Incense is a preparation of aromatic organic materials, intended to release fragrant smoke when burned. ... The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[1] in England, and acts as the mother and senior branch of the worldwide Anglican Communion, as well as a founding member of the Porvoo Communion. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Elizabeth I redirects here. ...

It is important to note, however, that the priests of the SSC considered these practices an outward, necessary, and physical expression of belief and doctrine and not merely as aesthetic adornments to worship. The SSC was primarily concerned with improving the spiritual life of priests and people. For example, the now common practice of Retreats was introduced to the Church of England in those given by the SSC, beginning in 1856.

Many Low Church and Latitudinarian churchmen viewed ritualism, and the accompanying teaching, with horror. It was not unusual for Mass and the Divine Office in SSC parishes to be disrupted by Protestant protesters, some hired for the occasion, shouting during the reading of lessons and the sermon, or hurling furniture and books. Lawsuits were filed against priests for Catholic practices. Some of these prosecutions were successful and priests were suspended from their ministries. In other actions, some Catholic practices were permitted by the courts while others were ruled illegal. Still other practices were sometimes ruled by the civil courts not to be illegal per se but that their continued use would require direct authorisation by the diocesan Bishop. Low church is a term of distinction in the Church of England or other Anglican churches, initially designed to be pejorative. ... Latitudinarian was initially a pejorative term applied to a group of 17th century British theologians who believed in conforming to official Church of England practices but who felt that matters of doctrine, liturgical practice, and ecclesiastical organization were of relatively little importance. ... Canonical hours are ancient divisions of time (also called offices), developed by the Christian Church, serving as increments between prayers. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      This article is about...

The Public Worship Regulation Act

See: Public Worship Regulation Act The Public Worship Regulation Act, 1874 was a piece of legislation passed in the United Kingdom intended to legislate against certain Catholic and High Church practices engaged in by some priests within the Church of England. ...

This legal inconsistency led to the passing of the Public Worship Regulation Act by the Disraeli government in 1874 with the stated aim of "putting down the Ritualists". The Act was introduced in the House of Lords as a Private Member's Bill by Archibald Tait Archbishop of Canterbury who had previously served as the Bishop of London. After the Act came into force on July 1, 1875, the Church Association, which had been responsible for some the pre-Act lawsuits, now vigorously prosecuted those who persisted in Anglo-Catholic practice and teaching. Seventeen priests were prosecuted under the Act. In some cases, these priests served time in prison for either not acknowledging the right of the courts to judge them on matters of worship or after being convicted. Occasionally, bishops (including Archbishop Tait) would intervene to stop prosecutions, particularly as public outrage grew at the blatant interference in religious matters by secular courts. The Public Worship Regulation Act, 1874 was a piece of legislation passed in the United Kingdom intended to legislate against certain Catholic and High Church practices engaged in by some priests within the Church of England. ... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is also commonly referred to as the Lords. The Sovereign, the House of Commons (which is the lower house of Parliament and referred to as the Commons), and the Lords together comprise the Parliament. ... A Private Members Bill is a proposed law introduced by a backbench member of parliament, whether from the government or the opposition side, to that legislature or parliament. ... Archibald Campbell Tait (21 December 1811 _ 3 December 1882) was an archbishop of Canterbury. ... The Archbishop of Canterbury is the spiritual leader and senior clergyman of the Church of England, recognized by convention as the head of the worldwide Anglican Communion. ... Arms of the Bishop of London The Bishop of London is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury. ... The Church Association was an English evangelical Christian organisation, founded in 1865. ...

The prosecution of SSC priests Father Arthur Tooth , Father Alexander Heriot Mackonochie and Father Richard William Enraght are undoubtedly the most famous episodes in the early history of the SSC. Father Arthur Tooth SSC (1839–1931), a Ritualist and clergyman in the Church of England, and a member of the Society of the Holy Cross, is most famous for having being prosecuted in 1876 under the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 for using proscribed liturgical practices. ... Father Mackonochie The Symbol of the Society of the Holy Cross Alexander Heriot Mackonochie SSC (August 11, 1825 - December 14, 1887) was a Church of England clergyman and mission priest known as the martyr of St. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Subsequent History

The prosecutions, however, were battles won in a losing war. In 1906, a Royal Commission effectively nullified the Act by admitting that more pluralism in public worship was needed. The selfless example of SSC priests in ministering to the lowest orders of society and their strong stands on social justice had also endeared them to the general public.

In 1883, Father Alexander Chinnery-Haldane, SSC, was elected as Bishop of Argyll and the Isles in the Scottish Episcopal Church. He would be the first of many SSC bishops around the world, including the saintly Frank Weston of Zanzibar. The neutrality of this article is disputed. ...

As a Catholic society, the SSC has taken a conservative line in the church controversies of the late 20th Century, particularly over the interpretation of Scripture and the ordination of women.

Today, there are over 2,000 members of the Society organized into Provinces for England & Scotland, the Americas, Wales, and Australasia, each under a Provincial Master reporting to an international Master-General. The current Master General of the society is Father David Houlding who resides in England. Master general or Master-general can refer to: the Superior general of certain orders and congregations, such as the Crosiers the Dominicans the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy the Order of Saint Lazarus the Society of the Holy Cross the Trinitarian Order certain secular titles and offices...

In April, 2005, the Society celebrated its 150th anniversary with a week-long festival, "Stand Up For Jesus". Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams addressed the gathering and the Royal Albert Hall was filled to capacity for the closing mass. For the English boxer, see Rowan Anthony Williams. ... “Albert Hall” redirects here. ...

The fortunes of the SSC have waxed and waned since the early days of the Catholic Revival, but for its members it has always been an important source of priestly formation, discipline and fraternity. Priests of the Society can be recognized by the small gold lapel cross that they generally wear. On it is inscribed the motto of the Society - In Hoc Signo Vinces - In This Sign, Conquer!

See also

• Anglican religious order
• Anglo-Catholicism
• Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament
• Guild of All Souls
• Ritualism
• Society of Catholic Priests
• Society of King Charles the Martyr
• Society of Mary (Anglican)
• T. Pelham Dale
• Richard William Enraght
• Arthur Tooth

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism describe people, groups, ideas, customs and practices within Anglicanism that emphasise continuity with Catholic tradition. ... The Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament (CBS) is a devotional society in the Anglican Communion dedicated to venerating the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist. ... The Guild of All Souls is an Anglican devotional society dedicated to prayer for faithful departed Christians. ... In general, the term, Ritualism can be used to describe an outlook which places a great (or even exaggerated) emphasis on ritual. ... The Society of Catholic Priests is a religious society of priests in the Anglican Communion. ... Charles I (1631) by Daniel Mytens. ... Blessed Virgin Mary A traditional catholic image of Mary, entitled the Immaculate Heart of Mary The Society of Mary is an Anglican devotional society dedicated to and under the patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary. ... Thomas Pelham Dale, (1821–1892), Anglo-Catholic ritualist clergyman, most famous for being prosecuted and imprisoned for ritualist practices, was born at Greenwich on 3 April 1821, was brought up in Beckenham, Kent. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Father Arthur Tooth SSC (1839–1931), a Ritualist and clergyman in the Church of England, and a member of the Society of the Holy Cross, is most famous for having being prosecuted in 1876 under the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 for using proscribed liturgical practices. ...

External links

• Historical documents on the SSC
• The Province of England & Scotland
• The Province of The Americas
• The Province of Wales