Sodium acetate
IUPAC name	sodium acetate (IUPAC) sodium ethanoate (systematic) Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1100x662, 22 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Functional group Sodium acetate ... IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ...
Other names	Acetic acid, sodium salt
Properties
Molecular formula	CH3COONa
Molar mass	82.03 g/mol (anhydrous) 136.08 g/mol (trihydrate) A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ...
Appearance	White deliquescent powder
Density	1.45 g/cm³, solid
Melting point	Decomposes at 324 °C For other uses, see Density (disambiguation). ... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ...
Boiling point	Decomposes Italic text This article is about the boiling point of liquids. ...
Solubility in water	76 g/100 ml (0°C)
Basicity (pKb)	9.25
Structure
Crystal structure	monoclinic
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
Main hazards	Irritant
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Sodium acetate, (also rarely, sodium ethanoate) is the sodium salt of acetic acid. It is an inexpensive chemical produced in industrial quantities for a wide range of uses. Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... The acid dissociation constant (Ka), also known as the acidity constant or the acid-ionization constant, is a specific equilibrium constant for the reaction of an acid with its conjugate base in aqueous solution [1]. // When an acid dissolves in water, it partly dissociates forming hydronium ions and its conjugate... Enargite crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the 7 lattice point groups. ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... The plimsoll symbol as used in shipping In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals exactly). ... For sodium in the diet, see Edible salt. ... A magnified crystal of salt In chemistry, salt is a term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... R-phrases , S-phrases , , , Flash point 43 °C Related Compounds Related carboxylic; acids Formic acid; Propionic acid; Butyric acid Related compounds acetamide; ethyl acetate; acetyl chloride; acetic anhydride; acetonitrile; acetaldehyde; ethanol; thioacetic acid; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ...

Applications

Sodium acetate is used in the textile industry to neutralize sulphuric acid waste streams, and as a photoresist while using aniline dyes. It is also a pickling agent in chrome tanning, and it helps to retard vulcanization of chloroprene in synthetic rubber production. For other uses, see Textile (disambiguation). ... Sulfuric acid (British English: sulphuric acid), H2SO4, is a strong mineral acid. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with resist. ... A class of synthetic, organic dyes originally obtained from aniline (coal tars), which were, in fact, the first synthetic dyes. ... For other uses, see Pickle. ... This article is about making hides into leather. ... Vulcanization refers to a specific curing process of rubber involving high heat and the addition of sulfur. ... Chemical Structure of Chloroprene Chloroprene is the common name for the organic compound 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, which has the chemical formula C4H5Cl. ... Synthetic rubber is any type of artificially made polymer material which acts as an elastomer. ...

Sodium acetate is the chemical that gives salt and vinegar chips their flavour. It may also be added to foods as a preservative; in this application it is usually written as "sodium diacetate" and labeled E262.

As the conjugate base of a weak acid, a solution of sodium acetate and acetic acid can act as a buffer to keep a relatively constant pH. This is useful especially in biochemical applications where reactions are pH dependent. Acids and bases: Acid-base reaction theories pH Self-ionization of water Buffer solutions Systematic naming Electrochemistry Acid-base extraction Acids: Strong acids Weak acids Superacids Lewis acids Mineral acids Organic acids Bases: Strong bases Weak bases Superbases Lewis bases Organic bases edit Buffer solutions are solutions which resist change...

Sodium acetate is also used in consumer heating pads or hand warmers and is also used in "hot ice". When sodium acetate trihydrate crystals (melting point 58 °C) are heated to around 100 °C, they melt. When this melt cools, it gives a supersaturated solution of sodium acetate in water. This solution is capable of supercooling to room temperature, well below its melting point, without forming crystals. By clicking on a metal disc in the heating pad, a nucleation center is formed which causes the solution to crystallize into solid sodium acetate trihydrate again. The bond-forming process of crystallization is exothermic, hence heat is emitted.^{[1] [2][3]} The latent heat of fusion is about 264-289 kJ/kg.^[4] A heating pad is a pad used for warming of parts of the body in order to manage pain. ... A pair of air-activated disposable hand warmers, US quarter to scale Crystallization-type hand warmer with scale showing metal disc trigger Hand warmers are small (sometimes disposable) packets which are held in the hand and produce heat on demand to warm cold hands. ... In physics, the term supersaturation or oversaturation refers to a solution that contains more of the dissolved material than could be dissolved by the solvent under existing circumstances. ... Supercool redirects here. ... Bubbles in a soft drink each nucleate independently, responding to a decrease in pressure. ... In thermodynamics, the word exothermic describes a process or reaction that releases energy in the form of heat. ... The latent heat of fusion of a substance is the amount of energy per unit mass required to turn a specified amount of the substance in its solid phase at its melting point to a liquid at the same temperature. ...

Preparation

Sodium acetate is inexpensive, and is usually purchased from chemical suppliers, instead of being synthesized in the laboratory. It is sometimes produced in a laboratory experiment by the reaction of acetic acid with sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, or sodium hydroxide to name a few bases which contain sodium. R-phrases , S-phrases , , , Flash point 43 °C Related Compounds Related carboxylic; acids Formic acid; Propionic acid; Butyric acid Related compounds acetamide; ethyl acetate; acetyl chloride; acetic anhydride; acetonitrile; acetaldehyde; ethanol; thioacetic acid; acetylcholine; acetylcholinesterase Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda or soda ash), Na2CO3, is a sodium salt of carbonic acid. ... Flash point Non-flammable. ... Flash point Non-flammable. ... For sodium in the diet, see Edible salt. ...

CH₃–COOH + Na⁺[HCO₃]^– → CH₃–COO^– Na⁺ + H₂O + CO₂

This is the well-known "fizzing" reaction between baking soda and vinegar. 84 grams of sodium bicarbonate react with 750 g of 8% vinegar to make 82 g sodium acetate in water. By subsequently boiling off most of the water, one can refine either a concentrated solution of sodium acetate or actual crystals. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), or sodium hydrogen carbonate, also known as baking soda and bicarbonate of soda, is a soluble white anhydrous or crystalline compound, with a slight alkaline taste resembling that of sodium carbonate. ... Vinegar is sometimes infused with spices or herbs—as here, with oregano. ...

Reactions

Sodium acetate can be used to form an ester with an alkyl halide such as bromoethane: For other uses, see Ester (disambiguation). ... R-phrases , , S-phrases , Flash point −20 °C Autoignition temperature 511 °C Explosive limits 6. ...

H₃C–COO^– Na⁺ + Br–CH₂–CH₃ → H₃C–COO–CH₂–CH₃ + NaBr

R-phrases , , S-phrases , Flash point −20 °C Autoignition temperature 511 °C Explosive limits 6. ... R-phrases , , , S-phrases , , Flash point −4 °C Related Compounds Related carboxylate esters Methyl acetate, Butyl acetate Related compounds Acetic acid, ethanol Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Sodium bromide is the chemical compound with the formula NaBr. ...

Gallery

A hand warmer containing a supersaturated solution of sodium acetate which releases heat on crystallization Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (698x971, 409 KB) Caption Hand warmer with scale File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sodium acetate Heating pad Hand warmer ... A pair of air-activated disposable hand warmers, US quarter to scale Crystallization-type hand warmer with scale showing metal disc trigger Hand warmers are small (sometimes disposable) packets which are held in the hand and produce heat on demand to warm cold hands. ...

References

1. ^ Crystallization of Supersaturated Sodium Acetate. Journal of Chemical Education.
2. ^ "Fake" latent heat and supersaturation
3. ^ How do sodium acetate heat pads work?. HowStuffWorks. Retrieved on 2007-09-03.
4. ^ Thermal Energy Storage: Systems and Applications, By Ibrahim Dincer, Marc A. Rosen, p. 155 [1]

Journal of Chemical Education (JCE) is a monthly, subscription-only journal available in print and online. ... HowStuffWorks is a website created by Marshall Brain but now owned by the Convex Group. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• www.HotSnapZ.com - Reusable hand warmers and heating pads using sodium acetate & water reaction
• Video on how to make hot ice using sodium acetate
• More information, videos, and pictures