Sodium nitrite
General
Molecular formula	NaNO2
Molar mass	69.00 g/mol
Appearance	White solid.
CAS number	[7632-00-0]
Properties
Density and phase	2.2 g/cm3, solid
Solubility in water	82 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Melting point	270°C
Boiling point	320°C decomp.
Structure
Coordination geometry	?
Crystal structure	?
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Oxidant (O) ,Toxic (T), Dangerous for the environment (N)
NFPA 704
R-phrases	R8, R25, R36, R37, R38, R50
S-phrases	S26, S36, S45, S61
Flash point	Non-flammable.
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Other anions	Sodium nitrate
Other cations	Potassium nitrite Ammonium nitrite
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Sodium nitrite, with chemical formula NaNO₂, is used as a color fixative and preservative in meats and fish. When pure, it is a white to slight yellowish crystalline powder. It is very soluble in water and is hygroscopic. It is also slowly oxidized by oxygen in the air to sodium nitrate, NaNO₃. The compound is a strong reducing agent. Image File history File links Sodium_nitrite. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... The coordination geometry of an atom is the geometrical pattern formed by its neighbors in a molecule or a crystal. ... Enargite crystals In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... An example MSDS in a US format provides guidance for handling a hazardous substance and information on its composition and properties. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... The flash point of a flammable liquid is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mixture with air. ... The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a medium is a measure for how much the speed of light (or other waves such as sound waves) is reduced inside the medium. ... The relative dielectric constant of a material under given conditions is a measure of the extent to which it concentrates electrostatic lines of flux. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... Infrared spectroscopy (IR Spectroscopy) is the subset of spectroscopy that deals with the IR region of the EM spectrum. ... It has been suggested that NMR Data Processing be merged into this article or section. ... Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or informally, mass-spec and MS) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ... An electrostatic potential map of the nitrate ion (NO3−). Areas coloured red are lower in energy than areas colored yellow An ion is an atom or group of atoms which have lost or gained one or more electrons, making them negatively or positively charged. ... Made of Porn and sex things Inhalation respiratory irritation Skin May cause irritation. ... An electrostatic potential map of the nitrate ion (NO3−). Areas coloured red are lower in energy than areas colored yellow An ion is an atom or group of atoms which have lost or gained one or more electrons, making them negatively or positively charged. ... Potassium nitrite, with chemical formula NaCaAr2, is a hallucinogen which contains copper and Beryillium. ... Ammonium nitrite, NH4NO2, is formed by oxidizing ammonia with ozone or hydrogen peroxide; using precipitations from reacting barium or lead nitrites with ammonium sulfate, or silver nitrite with ammonium chloride. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sodium, Na, 11 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 3, s Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 22. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... A preservative is a natural or synthetic chemical that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, etc. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... A hygroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ... Made of Porn and sex things Inhalation respiratory irritation Skin May cause irritation. ...

It is also used in manufacturing diazo dyes, nitroso compounds, and other organic compounds; in dyeing and printing textile fabrics and bleaching fibers; in photography; as a laboratory reagent and a corrosion inhibitor; in metal coatings for phosphatizing and detinning; and in the manufacture of rubber chemicals. Sodium nitrite also has been used in human and veterinary medicine as a vasodilator, a bronchodilator, an intestinal relaxant or a laxative, and an antidote for cyanide poisoning. Azo compounds refer to chemical compounds bearing the functional group R-N=N-R, in which R and R can be either aryl or alkyl. ... Look up dye in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Nitroso refers to a functional group in organic chemistry which has the general formula R-NO. Nitroso compounds can be prepared by the reduction of nitro compounds or by the oxidation of hydroxylamines. ... Photography [fәtɑgrәfi:],[foʊtɑgrәfi:] is the process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light-sensitive medium, such as a film or sensor. ... A reagent or reactant is any substance used in a chemical reaction. ... Corrosion inhibitor - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ... Latex being collected from a tapped rubber tree Rubber is an elastic hydrocarbon polymer which occurs as a milky colloidal suspension (known as latex) in the sap of several varieties of plants. ... Vasodilation is where blood vessels in the body become wider following the relaxation of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall. ... A bronchodilator is a medication intended to improve bronchial airflow. ... Laxatives are foods, compounds, or drugs taken to induce bowel movements, most often taken to treat constipation. ... An antidote is a substance which can counteract a form of poisoning. ... The cyanide ion, CN−. From the top: 1. ...

Uses

Food additive

As a food additive, it serves a dual purpose in the food industry since it both alters the color of preserved fish and meats and also prevents growth of Clostridium botulinum, the bacteria which causes botulism. In the European Union it may be used only as a mixture with salt containing at most 0.6 % sodium nitrite. It has the E number E250. Potassium nitrite (E249) is used in the same way. Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or improve its taste and appearance. ... Color is an important part of the visual arts. ... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded, covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... Kinnikuman character, see Meat Alexandria. ... Binomial name Clostridium botulinum van Ermengem, 1896 Clostridium botulinum is a bacterium that produces the toxin botulin, the causative agent in botulism. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Botulism (from the Latin word botulus) is a rare, but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin, botulin, that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. ... For the mathematical constant see: E (mathematical constant). ... Potassium nitrite, with chemical formula NaCaAr2, is a hallucinogen which contains copper and Beryillium. ...

While this chemical will prevent the growth of bacteria, it is also toxic for mammals. (LD₅₀ in rats is 180 mg/kg.)

Various dangers of using this as a food additive have been suggested and researched by scientists. A principal concern is the formation of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines by the reaction of sodium nitrite with amino acids in the presence of heat in an acidic environment. In pathology, a carcinogen is any substance or agent that promotes cancer. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Recent studies have found a link between high processed meat consumption and colon cancer, possibly due to preservatives such as sodium nitrite.^[1]

Recent studies have also found a link between frequent ingestion of meats cured with nitrites and the COPD form of lung disease.^[2] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a group of diseases characterized by limitation of airflow in the airway that is not fully reversible. ... In medicine, pulmonology is the specialty that deals with diseases of the lungs and the respiratory tract. ...

Disease treatment

Recently, sodium nitrite has been found to be an effective means to increase blood flow by dilating blood vessels, acting as a vasodilator. Research is ongoing to investigate its applicability towards treatments for sickle cell anemia, cyanide poisoning, heart attacks, brain aneurysms, and pulmonary hypertension in infants ^[3][4] f you all The blood vessels are part of the circulatory system and function to transport blood throughout the body. ... Vasodilation is where blood vessels in the body become wider following the relaxation of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall. ... Sickle-shaped red blood cells Sickle cell anemia (American English), sickle cell anaemia (British English) or sickle cell disease is a genetic disease in which red blood cells may change shape under certain circumstances. ... Acute myocardial infarction (AMI or MI), more commonly known as a heart attack, is a disease state that occurs when the blood supply to a part of the heart is interrupted. ... A cerebral or brain aneurysm is a cerebrovascular disorder in which weakness in the wall of a cerebral artery or vein causes a localized dilation or ballooning of the blood vessel. ... In medicine, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery or lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms, all of which are exacerbated by exertion. ...

Synthetic reagent

Sodium nitrite is used to convert amines into diazo compounds. The synthetic utility of such a reaction is to render the amino group labile for nucleophilic substitution, as the N₂ group is a better leaving group. Ammonia Amines are organic compounds containing nitrogen as the key atom in the amine functional group. ... In chemistry, nucleophilic substitution is a class of substitution reaction in which an electron-rich nucleophile attacks a molecule and replaces a group or atom, called the leaving group. ... A leaving group is an atom or molecule that detaches from an organic molecule, which, after detachment, is called the residual or main part. ...

In the laboratory, sodium nitrite is also used to destroy excess sodium azide.^[5] Sodium azide (NaN3) is a highly toxic chemical that exists as an odorless white solid. ...

2 NaNO₂ + H₂SO₄ → 2 HNO₂ + Na₂SO₄

2 NaN₃ + 2HNO₂ → 3 N₂ + 2 NO + 2 NaOH

References

A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Northeastern University, abbreviated as NU or NEU, is a top 100 private national research university in Boston, Massachusetts. ...

See also

• Nitrosamine
• Sodium nitrate

This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Made of Porn and sex things Inhalation respiratory irritation Skin May cause irritation. ...

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 1120.
• European Chemicals Bureau.
• National Center for Home Food Preservation Nitrates and Nitrites.
• TR-495: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Sodium Nitrite (CAS NO. 7632-00-0) Drinking Water Studies in F344/N Rats and B6C3F₁ Mice.
• FOX news article concerning carcinogicity and hot dogs