A sodium vapor lamp is a gas dischargelamp which uses sodium in an excited state to produce light. There are two varieties of such lamps: low pressure and high pressure.
Sodium is a soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal belonging to the alkali metals that is abundant in natural compounds (especially halite).
Sodium is relatively abundant in stars and the D spectral lines of this element are among the most prominent in star light.
Sodium chloride, better known as common salt, is the most common compound of sodium, but sodium occurs in many other minerals, such as amphibole, cryolite, halite, soda niter, zeolite, etc. Sodium compounds are important to the chemical, glass, metal, paper, petroleum, soap, and textile industries.
LPS Lamps (Low Pressure Sodium), also known as SOX Lamps (Sodium OXide), consist of an outer vacuum envelope of glass coated with an infrared reflecting layer of indium-tin oxide, a semi-conductor material that allows the visible light wavelengths out and keeps the infrared (heat) back.
High pressure sodium (HPS) lamps are smaller and contain some other elements (for example, mercury), produce a dark pink glow when first struck, and produce a pinkish orange light when warmed up.
Because of the extremely high chemical activity of the high pressure sodium arc, the arc tube is typically made of translucent aluminum oxide (alumina).
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