 The Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, John Martin, 1832. According to Genesis, Sodom (Hebrew: סְדוֹם, Standard Sədom Tiberian Səḏôm, Greek Σόδομα) and Gomorrah (Hebrew: עֲמוֹרָה, Standard ʿAmora Tiberian Ġəmôrāh / ʿĂmôrāh, Greek Γόμορρα) were two cities destroyed by the Jewish deity Yahveh. Sodom and/or Gomorrah may refer to: The Biblical Cities of the Plain, see Sodom and Gomorrah. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (833x532, 358 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sodom and Gomorrah John Martin (painter) Vayeira ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (833x532, 358 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Sodom and Gomorrah John Martin (painter) Vayeira ...
The Great Day of His Wrath, c. ...
Genesis (‎, Greek: ΓÎνεσις, meaning birth, creation, cause, beginning, source or origin) is the first book of the Torah, the Tanakh, and the Old Testament of the Bible. ...
“Hebrew†redirects here. ...
“Hebrew†redirects here. ...
Tiberian Hebrew is an oral tradition of pronunciation for ancient forms of Hebrew, especially the Hebrew of the Tanakh, that was given written form by masoretic scholars in the Jewish community at Tiberias in the early Middle Ages, beginning in the 8th century. ...
“Hebrew†redirects here. ...
“Hebrew†redirects here. ...
Tiberian Hebrew is an oral tradition of pronunciation for ancient forms of Hebrew, especially the Hebrew of the Tanakh, that was given written form by masoretic scholars in the Jewish community at Tiberias in the early Middle Ages, beginning in the 8th century. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and henotheism. ...
The Tetragrammaton in Phoenician (1100 BC to 300 CE), Aramaic (10th Century BC to 0) and modern Hebrew scripts. ...
For the sins of their inhabitants Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboim were destroyed by "brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven" (Genesis 19:24-25). Since then, their names are synonymous with impenitent sin, and their fall with a proverbial manifestation of God's wrath (Jude 1:7). Sodom can refer to: Sodom and Gomorrah, Biblical cities Sodom (band), a German thrash metal band Sodom, an album by the band Sodom Sodom (Final Fight), a character from Street Fighter and Final Fight Il Sodoma, an Italian Mannerist painter (1477-1549) Sodom, South Georgia, a song by Iron & Wine...
Sodom redirects here. ...
Categories: Hebrew Bible/Tanakh-related stubs | Torah places ...
This entry incorporates text from Eastons Bible Dictionary, 1897, with some modernisation. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number sulfur, S, 16 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16, 3, p Appearance lemon yellow Standard atomic weight 32. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
The brief Epistle of Jude is a book in the Christian New Testament canon. ...
Sodom and Gomorrah have been used as metaphors for sinfulness and sexual deviation. The story has therefore given rise to words in several languages, including English: the word "sodomy", meaning acts (stigmatized as "unnatural vice") such as homosexuality, anal sex, and zoophilia and the word "sodomite", meaning one who practices such acts. However, the name Sodom is derived from a Hebrew word meaning "burnt", and Gomorrah from a word meaning "buried", which refer to their destruction. This page is about sin in the context of religion. ...
Paraphilia (in Greek para παρά = over and philia φιλία = friendship) is a mental health term recently used to indicate sexual arousal in response to sexual objects or situations that are not part of societally normative arousal/activity patterns, or which may interfere with...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
François Elluin, Sodomites provoking the wrath of God, from Le pot pourri de Loth (1781). ...
Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...
Roman men having anal sex. ...
Leda and the Swan, a 16th century copy after a lost painting by Michelangelo. ...
Sodomy is a term of religious origin to characterize certain sexual acts and behaviours as a perversion of the human capacity for union through sexuality. ...
[edit] The Biblical text Sodom was one of a group of five towns, the Pentapolis (Wisdom 10:6): Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboim, and Bela -- also called Zoar (Genesis 19:22). The Pentapolis region is also collectively referred to as "the Cities of the Plain" (Genesis 13:12) since they were all sited on the plain of the Jordan River, in an area that constituted the southern limit of the lands of the Canaanites (Genesis 10:19). Lot, a nephew of Abram (Abraham) chose to live in Sodom, because of the proximity of good grazing for his flocks (Genesis 13:5-11). A Pentapolis, from the Greek words penta five and polis city(-state) is geographic and/or institutional grouping of five cities. ...
Wisdom or the Wisdom of Solomon is one of the deuterocanonical books of the Bible. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
The Jordan River runs along the border between the West Bank and the Kingdom of Jordan Northern part of the Great Rift Valley as seen from space (NASA) The Jordan River Road sign In spring The Jordan River (Hebrew: × ×”×¨ הירדן nehar hayarden, Arabic: نهر الأردن nahr al-urdun) is a river in Southwest...
For other uses, see Canaan (disambiguation). ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
Lot and his Daughters, Hendrik Goltzius, 1616. ...
An angel prevents the sacrifice of Isaac. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
In Genesis 18, God informs Abraham that he plans to destroy the city of Sodom because of its gross immorality. Abraham pleads with God not to destroy Sodom, and God agrees that he would not destroy the city if there were 50 righteous people in it, then 45, then 30, then 20, or even ten righteous people. The Lord's two angels only found one righteous person living in Sodom, Abraham's nephew Lot. Consequently, God destroyed the city. Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
It has been suggested that Lut be merged into this article or section. ...
In the Tanach version, Bereishit19:4-5, the final episode in the story of Sodom is described as the angels visit Lot to warn him to flee: 11th century Targum Tanakh [תנ״ך] (also spelt Tanach or Tenach) is an acronym for the three parts of the Hebrew Bible, based upon the initial Hebrew letters of each part: Torah [תורה] (The Law; also: Teaching or Instruction), Chumash [חומש] (The...
Bereishit is a Hebrew word, which is the first word of the Torah (the first five books of the Tanach, or Hebrew Bible). ...
The Archangel Michael by Guido Reni wears a late Roman military outfit in this 17th century depiction An angel is a supernatural being found in many religions. ...
When they had not yet retired, and the people of the city, the people of Sodom, surrounded the house, both young and old, the entire populace from every end [of the city]. And they called to Lot and said to him, "Where are the men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us, and let us be intimate [sic]with them." Lot refused to give the visiting angels to the inhabitants of Sodom, instead he offered them his two daughters but the people refused. The men were struck with blindness, allowing Lot and his family, who were then instructed to leave the city, to escape. Then Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed with fire and brimstone by God. No reason is given for the inclusion of Gomorrah in the destruction. Fire and brimstone is a motif in Christian preaching that uses vivid descriptions of hell and damnation to encourage the listeners to fear divine wrath and punishment. ...
[edit] Jewish views Classical Jewish texts do not specifically indicate that God destroyed Sodom because the inhabitants were homosexual (homosexuality as a life-style never being mentioned in the Bible, the word not being coined until the mid 19th Century), or sexually deviant from what was recorded as God's law of natural order, but rather, they were destroyed because the inhabitants were generally morally depraved, specifically hostile to the Jewish law of hospitality [1] and uncompromisingly greedy. Though homosexual acts were included among the 613 Mitzvah or Commandments as abomination, the people of Sodom were seen as guilty of many other more significant sins as well. Rabbinic writings affirm that the Sodomites also committed economic crimes, blasphemy and bloodshed[1]. One of the worst was to give money or even gold ingots to beggars, but to inscribe their names on them, and then subsequently refuse to sell them food. However, the unfortunate stranger would not be allowed out of the city, and would end up starving. After his death, the people who gave him the money would reclaim it. Homosexuality refers to sexual interaction and / or romantic attraction between individuals of the same sex. ...
The tone or style of this article may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ...
This article is about commandments in Judaism. ...
For the town in Italy, see Rabbi, Italy. ...
A rabbinic tradition, described in the Mishnah, postulates that the sin of Sodom was related to property: Sodomites believed that "what is mine is mine, and what is yours is yours" (Abot), which is interpreted as a lack of compassion. Another rabbinic tradition is that these two wealthy cities treated visitors in a sadistic fashion. One major crime done to strangers was almost identical to that of Procrustes in Greek mythology. This would be the story of the "bed" that guests to Sodom were forced to sleep in: if they were too short they were stretched to fit it, and if they were too tall, they were cut up. The Mishnah (Hebrew ×ž×©× ×”, repetition) is a major source of rabbinic Judaisms religious texts. ...
In Greek mythology, Procrustes (the stretcher), also known as Damastes (subduer) and Polypemon (harming much), was a bandit from Attica. ...
In another incident, Eliezer, Abraham's servant, went to visit Lot in Sodom and got in a dispute with a Sodomite over a beggar, and was hit in the forehead with a stone, making him bleed. The Sodomite demanded Eliezer pay him for the service of bloodletting, and a Sodomite judge sided with the Sodomite. Eliezer then struck the judge in the forehead with a stone and asked the judge to pay the Sodomite. Ancient Greek painting in a vase, showing a physician (iatros) bleeding a patient. ...
The Talmud and the book of Jasher also recount two incidents of a young girl (one involved a daughter of Lot, named Paltith) who gave some bread to a poor man who had entered the city. When the townspeople discovered their acts of kindness, they burned Paltith and smeared the other girl's body with honey and hung her from the city wall until she was stung to death by bees. (Sanhedrin 109a) It is this gruesome event (and her scream, in particular), the Talmud concludes, that are alluded to in the verse that heralds the city’s destruction: "So Hashem said, 'Because the outcry of Sodom and Gomorrah has become great, and because their sin has been very grave, I will descend and see...'" (Genesis 18:20-21). The first page of the Vilna Edition of the Babylonian Talmud, Tractate Berachot, folio 2a. ...
For the council of seventy-one Jewish sages in Judea during the Roman period, see Sanhedrin. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
[edit] The view of Josephus Flavius Josephus, a Romano-Jewish historian, wrote: Josephus, also known as Flavius Josephus (c. ...
Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Now, about this time the Sodomites, overwhelmingly proud of their numbers and the extent of their wealth, showed themselves insolent to men and impious to the divinity, insomuch that they no more remembered the benefits that they had received from him, hated foreigners and avoided any contact with others. Indignant at this conduct, God accordingly resolved to chastise them for their arrogance, and not only to uproot their city, but to blast their land so completely that it should yield neither plant nor fruit whatsoever from that time forward. —Jewish Antiquities 1:194-195 and Josephus recounts that when angels came to Sodom to find good men they were instead greeted by rapists[2]: And the angels came to the city of the Sodomites...when the Sodomites beheld the young men, who were outstanding in beauty of appearance and who had been received into Lots’s house, they set about to do violence and outrage to their youthful beauty....Therefore, God, indignant at their bold acts, struck them with blindness, so that they were unable to find the entrance into the house, and condemned the Sodomites to destruction of the whole population. —Jewish Antiquities 1:199-202
[edit] Christian views There are two prevailing views of the sin of Sodom in Christian thought. One is that the destruction of Sodom was due to inhospitality, as illustrated by the gifts of God to Abraham for his gracious action, contrasted with consequences of the behavior of the city's inhabitants. First we see hospitality and the way we should act, then inhospitality in that the people of Sodom seek to mistreat the newcomers. The Biblical text itself seems to suggest that the sin is based in part on inhospitality to some (if not a major) extent (although traditionally, the reason promulgated for the punishment has been focussed on sexual immorality and not assault): The tone or style of this article may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ...
 In a sixteenth-century depiction by Lucas Van Leyden, a drunken Lot embraces his daughter while Sodom burns in the distance. Now this was the sin of Sodom: She and her daughters were arrogant, overfed and unconcerned; they did not help the poor and needy. They were haughty and did detestable things before me. Therefore I did away with them as you have seen. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (596x808, 954 KB) Lucas van Leyden (ca. ...
Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (596x808, 954 KB) Lucas van Leyden (ca. ...
Lucas van Leyden (b. ...
This idea is paralleled in the Gospels when Jesus compares an inhospitable reception to Sodom: Ezekiel (Hebrew: יחזק×ל, ) is a prophet in the Hebrew Bible of the Book of Ezekiel. ...
Gospel, from the Old English good tidings is a calque of Greek () used in the New Testament (see Etymology below). ...
This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ...
If anyone will not welcome you or listen to your words, shake the dust off your feet when you leave that home or town. I tell you the truth, it will be more bearable for Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town. This view of the Biblical story reflects that of other ancient civilizations, such as Greece and Rome, where hospitality was of singular importance and strangers were under the protection of the gods.[2] Also in these civilizations, men were held in a much higher regard than women, in Greece women being seen as little more than property[citation needed], therefore, to demand not only a guest but a male guest be violated against his will would be seen as more of a crime than to allow women to be used to save the guest[citation needed]. The Gospel of Matthew (literally, according to Matthew; Greek, Κατά Μαθθαίον or Κατά Ματθαίον, Kata Maththaion or Kata Matthaion) is a synoptic gospel in the New Testament, one of four canonical gospels. ...
The tone or style of this article may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ...
The other prevailing explanation among Christians, informed by certain interpretations of other Biblical texts (see The Bible and homosexuality) and believed to be further suggested by the following, is that the sins of Sodom involved sexual immorality: A mediæval copy of the Bible. ...
Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. Interpretations of this passage vary. It may be that "going after strange flesh" is a euphemism for homosexuality, or, it may refer to sex with strangers, sex outside of wedlock, or possibly something akin to bestiality, as the men of Sodom were seeking copulation with angels rather than humans. [3] The brief Epistle of Jude is a book in the Christian New Testament canon. ...
[edit] Islamic view Main article: Islamic view of Lot Lut (Arabic: لوط ) was a prophet mentioned in the Quran and known as Lot in the Bible. ...
In Islamic tradition, the nephew of Abraham or Ibrahim is known as Lut (Arabic: لوط ) and is considered a prophet. For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...
For information on the racehorse, see Ibrahim (horse) (Arabic: ), the biblical patriarch Abraham, is an important prophet in Islam, son of Azar, and the father of the Prophet Ismail (Ishmael), his firstborn son, who is considered the Father of the Arabs. ...
Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ...
Prophets of Islam are human beings who are regarded by Muslims to be prophets chosen by God. ...
As in other traditions, Islam teaches that Lut had originally lived in Ur and was a nephew of Abraham. His story is often used as a reference by traditional Islamic scholars to show homosexuality to be against God's law or Haraam. He was commanded by God to go to the land of Sodom and Gomorrah to preach to the people on monotheism and to bring their sinful behavior to an end. Their sins included indecent practices such as public orgies, aggressiveness in their public places of assembly, blocking free passage of the roads, the killing and robbing of travellers, and dishonesty in the markets. In the Qur'an as in the Bible, Lut's messages are ignored, and Sodom and Gomorrah are destroyed. However, this does not mean that his wife used to practice homosexuality but worshipped what her people used to worship (that is, she was a polytheist). For other uses, see Ur (disambiguation). ...
harÄm (Arabic: Øرام ḤarÄm, Turkish: Haram, Malay: Haram) is an Arabic word, used in Islam to refer to anything that is prohibited by the faith. ...
For the Celtic Frost album, see Monotheist (album) In theology, monotheism (from Greek one and god) is the belief in the existence of one deity or God, or in the oneness of God. ...
Polytheism is belief in or worship of multiple gods or deities. ...
The two major differences between the Biblical and Qur'anic stories are that in the Qur'an Lot's wife is left in the city to be destroyed along with its inhabitants, as she remained a polythiest; and that the Qur'an does not contain any passages concerning Lot's drunken incest with his daughters.
[edit] Historicity The historical existence of Sodom and Gomorrah is still in dispute by archaeologists. Some believe they never existed, some believe they are now under the Dead Sea, and others claim they have been found under other names in the region to the southeast of the Dead Sea. Their exact location is unknown, however the Bible indicates they were located near the Dead Sea (Genesis 14:1-3, Genesis 14:8-10, Deuteronomy 34:3). The Dead Sea (‎, yam ha-melaħ, Sea of Salt; Quranic Arabic: , baħrᵘ l- mayitⱠ[3], Death Sea) is a salt lake between the West Bank and Israel to the west, and Jordan to the east. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
Genesis (Greek: ΓÎνεσις, having the meanings of birth, creation, cause, beginning, source and origin) is the first book of the Torah (five books of Moses) and hence the first book of the Tanakh, part of the Hebrew Bible; it is also the first book of the Christian Old Testament. ...
Deuteronomy is the fifth book of the Hebrew Bible. ...
Strabo states that locals living near Moasada (probably Masada) say that "there were once thirteen inhabited cities in that region of which Sodom was the metropolis".[3] In 1850, Ferdinand de Saulcy described Jabal (Mount) Usdum, a limestone and salt hill at the southwestern tip of the Dead Sea, and Kharbet Usdum ruins nearby as the site of biblical Sodom.[4]. Usdum is similar to Sadūm, the Arabic for Sodom, and this is the source of modern Sodom toponimics. The Greek geographer Strabo in a 16th century engraving. ...
Combatants Jewish Sicarii Roman Empire Commanders Elazar ben Yair Lucius Flavius Silva Strength 960 15,000 Casualties 953 Unknown Masada (a romanisation of the Hebrew מצדה, Metzada, from מצודה, metzuda, fortress) is the name for a site of ancient palaces and fortifications in the South District of Israel on top of...
Jabal Usdum or Mountain of Sodom or Mount Sodom is a hill in the southwestern part of the Dead Sea in Israel. ...
Archibald Sayce translated an Akkadian poem describing cities that were destroyed in a rain of fire, written from the view of a person who escaped the destruction, however the names of the cities are not given.[5] This rain of fire may have been a combination of meteorites and earthquakes along the fault line running into the Dead Sea. The Rev. ...
Some modern biblical scholars argue that a sin was attached to the story of Sodom to justify the destruction of the cities, which may be based on an authentic account of a natural cataclysm. Geologists have confirmed that no volcanic activity occurred within the last 4000 years, but it is possible that the towns were destroyed by an earthquake in the region, especially if the towns lie along a major fault, the Jordan Rift Valley, the northernmost extension of the Great Rift Valley of the Red Sea and East Africa.[6] It is also possible that the sin of the inhabitants appearing in the original text was edited out and lost. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of stored energy in the Earths crust that creates seismic waves. ...
Northern section of the Great Rift Valley. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Location of the Red Sea The Red Sea is an inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. ...
A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...
The name “Sodom” is probably related to the Arabic sadama meaning 'fasten,' 'fortify,' 'strengthen' and Gomorrah is based on the root gh m r which means 'be deep,' 'copious (water)'.[7] Another possibility for "Sodom" is the Arabic meaning "to dry up (spring)"[verification needed].
In 1976 Giovanni Pettinato claimed that a cuneiform tablet that had been found in the newly discovered library at Ebla contained the names of all five of the Cities of the Plain (Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboim, and Bela), listed in the same order as in Genesis. Although not all of the names have been verified, the names si-da-mu [TM.76.G.524] and ì-ma-ar [TM.75.G.1570 and TM.75.G.2233] are almost universally accepted as representing Sodom and Gomorrah.[8] However, Alfonso Archi states that, judging from the surrounding city names in the cuneiform list, si-da-mu lies in northern Syria and not near the Dead Sea, and ì-ma-ar is a variant of ì-mar, known to represent Emar, an ancient city located near Ebla.[9] William Shea points out in 1983 that on the 'Eblaite Geographical Atlas' (TM.75.G.2231), ad-mu-ut and sa-dam are good readings by Pettinato and correspond to Admah and Sodom, and they are contained in a list of cities that traces a route along the shores of, or quite possibly within the Dead Sea, whose position may have since shifted along its fault.[10] Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
“Cuneiform†redirects here. ...
Ebla is not to be confused with Elba. ...
It has been suggested that Barbalissos be merged into this article or section. ...
Other possible candidates for Sodom or Gomorrah are the sites discovered or visited by Walter E. Rast and R. Thomas Schaub in 1973, including Bab edh-Dhra, Numeira, es-Safi, Feifeh and Khanazir. All sites were located near the Dead Sea, with evidence of burning on many of the stones and a sudden stop of inhabitation towards the end of the Early Bronze Age.[11] Archaeological remains excavated from Bab edh-Dhra are currently displayed in Karak Archaeological Museum (Karak Castle)and Amman Citadel Museum in Jordan. babedhdhra ...
Cloudbreak over Wadi Araba, Jordan. ...
The Dead Sea (‎, yam ha-melaħ, Sea of Salt; Quranic Arabic: , baħrᵘ l- mayitⱠ[3], Death Sea) is a salt lake between the West Bank and Israel to the west, and Jordan to the east. ...
The Bronze Age is a period in a civilizations development when the most advanced metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use) consisted of techniques for smelting copper and tin from naturally occurring outcroppings of ore, and then alloying those metals in order to cast bronze. ...
[edit] Modern Sodom The site of the present Dead Sea Works, a large operation for the extraction of Dead Sea minerals, is called "Sdom" (סדום) according to its traditional Arab name, Khirbet Usdum (see above Historicity). Nearby is unique Mount Sdom (הר סדום), or Jabal Usdum in Arabic, consisting mainly of salt. In the Plain of Sdom (מישור סדום) to the south there are a few springs and two small agricultural villages. Jabal Usdum or Mountain of Sodom or Mount Sodom is a hill in the southwestern part of the Dead Sea in Israel. ...
[edit] See also The relationship between religion and homosexuality varies greatly across time and place, within and between different religions and sects, and regarding different forms of homosexuality and bisexuality. ...
This entry incorporates text from Eastons Bible Dictionary, 1897, with some modernisation. ...
Roman men having anal sex. ...
Vayeira, Vayera, or Va-yera (×•×™×¨× â€” Hebrew for and He appeared,†the first word in the parshah) is the fourth weekly parshah or portion in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading. ...
In Jewish services, a Parsha or Parshah or Parashah, פרשה, meaning Portion in Hebrew, is the weekly Torah reading text selection. ...
Higher criticism, also known as historical criticism, is a branch of literary analysis that attempts to investigate the origins of a text, especially the text of the Bible. ...
[edit] References - ^ James Alfred Loader (1990). A tale of two cities : Sodom and Gomorrah in the Old Testament, early Jewish and early Christian traditions. Peeters Publishers, 28.
- ^ Peck, Harry Thurston (1898). Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York: Harper and Brothers. Retrieved on 2006-03-17.
- ^ Strabo XVI 2:44
- ^ Saulcy, de, Ferdinand (1853). "Voyage autour de la mer Morte et dans les terres bibliques. Paris: Gide et J. Baudry.
- ^ A. H. Sayce. "The Overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah (Accadian Account)." Records of the Past XI 115.
- ^ J. Penrose Harland (September 1943). "Sodom and Gomorrah: The Destruction of the Cities of the Plain". Biblical Archaeologist 6 (3).
- ^ B. Macdonald (2000). "East of the Jordan": Territories and Sites of the Hebrew Scriptures. American Schools of Oriental Research.
- ^ Hershel Shanks (Nov/Dec 1981). "BAR Interviews Giovanni Pettinato". Biblical Archaeology Review 7 (6).
- ^ Alfonso Archi (Sep/Oct 1980). "Are "The Cities of the Plain" Mentioned in the Ebla Tablets?". Biblical Archaeology Review 6 (5).
- ^ Bryant G. Wood (Summer 1999). "The Discovery of the Sin Cities of Sodom and Gomorrah". Bible and Spade 12 (3).
- ^ Willem C. van Hattem (Spring 1981). "Once Again: Sodom and Gomorrah". Biblical Archaeologist 44 (2).
- Wyatt Archaeological Research Ashen city-shaped remains in the vicinity of Masada, that stretch for miles, with deposits of sulphur in 'ball' shapes (i.e. brimstone), a type of sulphur found nowhere else on planet earth. Ron Wyatt's account of his supposed re-discovery of this ancient city.
- Harvard University The 1975–1981 Excavations At The Town Site Of Bab edh-Dhra
- University of Melbourne "Bab edh-Dhra is located on the South-East edge of the Dead Sea in Jordan, not far from Numeira (identified with Gomorroh)."
- University of Notre Dame Expedition to the Dead Sea Plain. "One of the most important transitions in human history involved the establishment of the world's first cities approximately 5,000 years ago in the ancient Middle East. In the eastern Mediterranean region (Israel, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan), people built the first walled cities during a period archaeologists call the Early Bronze Age (EBA, c.3500–2000 BCE). In the EBA on the southeastern Dead Sea Plain (Map 1), people began burying their dead in extensive cemeteries, creating a landscape of the dead. Interestingly, they soon built two walled towns next to the cemeteries that they had used for a few centuries. In these settlements, called Bab edh-Dhra' (pronounced "bob-ed-draw") and Numeira (pronounced "new-mere-a"), people established the way of life that we read about in the Bible. In fact, for the writers of the Bible, the desolate nature of this stretch of shore along the Dead Sea and the visible ruins of Bab edh-Dhra' and Numeira may have helped them to identify this area with the stories of the ill-fated sites of Sodom and Gomorrah."
- Atlantic Baptist University Sodom and Gomorrah
- Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance This site has an extensive coverage of both the liberal and conservative Christian views of the story of Sodom and Gomorra.
- Sodom and Gomorrah at the Catholic Encyclopedia
- "Commentary on Genesis 19" by Robert Jameison, D.D. 1871
- "Commentary on Genesis 19" by Theodore Beza
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