Sofya Aleksandrovna Yanovskaya (also Janovskaja), Russian: Софья Александровна Яновская (January 31, 1896 – October 24, 1966) was a mathematician and historian, specializing in the history of mathematics, mathematical logic, and philosophy of mathematics. She is best known for publishing and editing mathematical works of Karl Marx. January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... Leonhard Euler is considered by many people to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is mathematics. ... A historian is a person who studies history. ... The word mathematics comes from the Greek μάθημα (máthema) which means science, knowledge, or learning; μαθηματικός (mathematikós) means fond of learning. Today, the term refers to a specific body of knowledge -- the rigorous, deductive study of quantity, structure, space and change. ... Mathematical logic is a discipline within mathematics, studying formal systems in relation to the way they encode intuitive concepts of proof and computation as part of the foundations of mathematics. ... Philosophy of mathematics is that branch of philosophy which attempts to answer questions such as: why is mathematics useful in describing nature?, in which sense(s), if any, do mathematical entities such as numbers exist? and why and how are mathematical statements true?. Various approaches to answering these questions will... Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818 Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883 London) was an immensely influential German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ...

Biography

Yanovskaya was born in Pruzhany, a village near Grodno, to a Jewish family of accountant Alexander Neimark. From 1914 to 1918 she studied in a woman's college in Odessa, when she became a communist. She worked as a party official until 1924, when she started teaching at the Moscow State University. With exception of the war years (1941–1943), she remained at MSU until retirement. She received her doctoral degree in 1935. Hrodna (or Grodno; Belarusian: Го́радня, Гро́дна; Grodno in Polish, Гродно in Russian, Gardinas in Lithuanian) is a city in Belarus on the Nemunas river, close to the borders of Poland and Lithuania (about 15 km and 30 km away respectively). ... Jews (Hebrew: יהודים, Yehudim) are followers of Judaism or, more generally, members of the Jewish people (also known as the Jewish nation, or the Children of Israel), an ethno-religious group descended from the ancient Israelites and converts who joined their religion. ... Odessa (Ukrainian: Одеса, Odesa; Russian: ) is a city in southwestern Ukraine, a major port on the Black Sea, and the administrative centre of the countrys Odessa Oblast. ... Communism - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ... Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russian: Московский государственный университет имени Ðœ.Ð’.Ломоносова, often abbreviated МГУ, MSU, MGU) is the largest and arguably the oldest university in Russia, founded in 1755. ...

Her work on Karl Marx's mathematical manuscripts began in 1930s and made a big impact (see Dauben's article). In the academia she is most remembered now for her work on history and philosophy of mathematics, as well as for her influence on young generation of researchers, including Ludwig Wittgenstein (see Biryukov and Biryukova). Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818 Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883 London) was an immensely influential German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ... Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein (IPA: ) (April 26, 1889 – April 29, 1951) was an Austrian philosopher who contributed several ground-breaking works to modern philosophy, primarily on the foundations of logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind. ...

For her work, Yanovskaya received the Order of Lenin and other medals. She died from diabetis in Moscow. The Order of Lenin (ru: Орден Ленина), named after the leader of the Russian Revolution, was the second highest national order of the Soviet Union (Highest was the Order of Victory). ... This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. ...

References

• I.H. Anelis, The heritage of S.A. Janovskaja. History and Philosophy of Logic 8 (1987), 45-56.
• B.A. Kushner, Sof'ja Aleksandrovna Janovskaja: a few reminiscences, Modern Logic, vol.6 (1996), 67-72.
• J.W. Dauben, Marx, Mao and mathematics: the politics of infinitesimals, Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. III (Berlin, 1998), Doc. Math. 1998, Extra Vol. III, 799-809.
• B.V. Biryukov and L.G. Biryukova, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Sof'ya Aleksandrovna Yanovskaya. The "Cambridge Genius" becomes acquainted with Soviet mathematicians in the 1930s (in Russian). Logical investigations. No. 11 (Russian), 46-94, "Nauka", Moscow, 2004.

The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the biggest congress in mathematics. ...

External links

• Rememberances and more rememberances of S.A. Yanovskaya, by Boris A. Kushner (in Russian).
• a review of Yanovskaya's Methodological problems in science monograph – an article by B.V. Biryukov and O.A. Borisova (in Russian).
• Restoration: S. A. Yanovskaya's path in logic – and article by Valentin Bazhanov, History and Philosophy of Logic, Volume 22, Number 3, 2001, 129-133.