A somatic cell is a type of cell in an organism, such as the human body.
Cells can be divided into two types- those that are part of the germline, and cells that are not. Somatic cells are those cells that are not part of the germline.
Your liver is made entirely of somatic cells, your heart is made entirely of somatic cells, your hands are made entirely of somatic cells. Somatic cells are also called "body cells."
The cells in the germline are cells such as the gametes (sperm or ovum,) cells that produce the gametes (such as gametocytes), and event the zygote, because it leads to the production of the gametes.
But genetic material in the cells of your liver or arm or hand will never make it to your children.
All somatic cells have 46 chromosomes, making them diploid cells. Gametes, in contrast, have only 23 chromosomes, making them haploid cells. (But not all non-somatic cells have only 23 chromosomes. Consider the zygote.)
Every other cell type in the mammalian body – apart from the sperm and ova, the cells from which they are made (gametocytes) and undifferentiated stem cells – is a somaticcell; internal organs skin, bones, blood and connective tissue are all made up of somaticcells.
Somaticcells can also be defined by the amount of genetic material they contain, which in mammals is always twice as much as contained in a germlinecell.
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