Borough of South Tyneside
Geography
Status:	Metropolitan borough
Region:	North East England
Ceremonial County:	Tyne and Wear
Area: - Total	Ranked 286th 64.41 km²
Admin. HQ:	South Shields
ONS code:	00CL
Demographics
Population: - Total (2004 est.) - Density	Ranked 108th 151,500 2,352 / km²
Ethnicity:	97.3% White 1.6% S.Asian
Politics
South Tyneside Council http://www.southtyneside.gov.uk/
Leadership:	Leader & Cabinet
Executive:	Labour
MPs:	Stephen Hepburn, David Miliband

South Tyneside is a metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear in North East England. File links The following pages link to this file: South Tyneside Categories: GFDL images ... A Metropolitan Borough (or Metropolitan District) is a type of local government district in England, covering urban areas within metropolitan counties. ... The region (also known as Government Office region) is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity in England. ... North East England is one of the regions of England. ... Tyne and Wear is a metropolitan county in the North East of England and consists of the estuary areas of the rivers Tyne and Wear. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a Physical quantity. ... This is a list of districts of England ordered by area. ... To help compare sizes of different geographic regions, we list here areas between 10 km² (1000 hectares) and 100 km² (10,000 hectares). ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... South Shields high street and Metro station Map sources for South Shields at grid reference NZ1658 South Shields is a coastal town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne, with a population of about 90,000. ... The Office for National Statistics coding system is a hierarchical code used in the United Kingdom for tabulating census and other statistical data. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... This is a list of districts of England ordered by population. ... Arms of South Tyneside This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... The United Kingdom is divided into four parts, England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. ... The Labour Party is the principal centre-left political party in the United Kingdom (see British politics). ... This is a list of MPs elected in the UK general election, 2005 to the House of Commons for the Fifty-Fourth Parliament of the United Kingdom at the United Kingdom general election, 2005, arranged by constituency. ... Stephen Hepburn (born 6 December 1959, Jarrow) is a politician in the United Kingdom. ... The Right Honourable David Wright Miliband (born 15 July 1965 in London) is a United Kingdom politician, Labour Member of Parliament for South Shields in north-east England. ... A Metropolitan Borough (or Metropolitan District) is a type of local government district in England, covering urban areas within metropolitan counties. ... Tyne and Wear is a metropolitan county in the North East of England and consists of the estuary areas of the rivers Tyne and Wear. ... North East England is one of the regions of England. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the British Isles Official language English de facto Capital London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001 Census) – Density Ranked 1st UK...

It is bordered by four other boroughs - Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead to the west, Sunderland in the south, and North Tyneside to the north. The border county of Northumberland lies further north. The borough was formed on April 1, 1974 by the merger of the county borough of South Shields along with the municipal borough of Jarrow and the urban districts of Boldon and Hebburn from County Durham. This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ... Map sources for Gateshead at grid reference NZ2460 Gateshead Millennium Bridge Gateshead is a town in Tyne and Wear in north-east England on the south side of the River Tyne opposite Newcastle upon Tyne which covers the North Bank. ... Sunderland is an industrial area and port in the City of Sunderland metropolitan borough in the county of Tyne and Wear in North East England. ... North Tyneside is a metropolitan borough in the North East of England, part of the Tyne and Wear urban area centred on Newcastle and formerly part of Northumberland. ... For other places with this name, see Northumberland (disambiguation) Northumberland is a traditional, ceremonial and administrative county in northern England. ... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) is a common year starting on Tuesday (click on link for calendar). ... County borough was a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom to refer to a borough or a city independent of county administration. ... South Shields high street and Metro station Map sources for South Shields at grid reference NZ1658 South Shields is a coastal town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne, with a population of about 90,000. ... A borough is a political division originally used in England. ... Map sources for Jarrow at grid reference NZ3465 Jarrow is a town on the River Tyne, England with a population around 27,000 (2001 Census). ... In the British Isles an urban district was a type of local government district which covered an urbanised area. ... Boldon is the collective name of a group of 3 villages (East Boldon, West Boldon, and Boldon Colliery) - bordering the north of Sunderland and the south of South Shields. ... Hebburn (54º5809. ... County Durham is a county in north-east England. ...

South Tyneside is relatively small in terms of geographical area (64.43 km²/ 24.98 miles²) and population (152 785, June 2003). The North Sea lies east and to the north the River Tyne. There is 23.64 km²/ 9.12 miles² of Green Belt at its southern boundary. The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, located between the coasts of Norway and Denmark in the east, the coast of the British Isles in the west, and the German, Dutch, Belgian and French coasts in the south. ... The River Tyne can refer to two rivers in the United Kingdom: River Tyne, England River Tyne, Scotland This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... For other uses of the word Greenbelt, see Greenbelt (disambiguation). ...

The main administrative centre and largest town is South Shields. Other riverside towns are Jarrow and Hebburn, while the villages of Cleadon, Whitburn and The Boldons border Wearside to the south at Sunderland. South Shields high street and Metro station Map sources for South Shields at grid reference NZ1658 South Shields is a coastal town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne, with a population of about 90,000. ... Map sources for Jarrow at grid reference NZ3465 Jarrow is a town on the River Tyne, England with a population around 27,000 (2001 Census). ... Hebburn (54º5809. ... Whitburn is a village on the east coast of Northern England, in South Tyneside between Seaburn and Marsden. ... The Boldons are a group of 3 villages - East Boldon, West Boldon, and Boldon Colliery - bordering the north of Sunderland and the south of South Shields. ... This is about the city of Sunderland in England. ...

South Tyneside is represented by two Members of Parliament with two constituencies at South Shields and Jarrow (which also serves Hebburn and the Urban Fringe villages). An aerial view of Parliament of India at New Delhi. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ...

History

Celtic traditions, Roman settlers, Angles, Saxons and Jutes, Viking invasions, Irish immigrants, Arab seafarers and more recently the settling of people from the Indian sub-continent reflect the present-day culture of South Tyneside.

In South Shields (Latin 'Arbeia', Anglo-Saxon 'Caer Urfa), excavations and a reconstructed fort are found at Arbeia (AD 160). This fort served as a garrison and an outpost of the Roman Empire, and is part of Hadrian's Wall World Heritage Site. The hospitality strip at Ocean Road is famed throughout the region for its Indian, Italian, Middle Eastern and Chinese cuisine. Mill Dam, with former Customs House (now a theatre, cinema and arts complex), cobbled lanes and Mission to Seafarers centre, stands tribute to the long and proud history of shipping in the town.

Bede's World in Jarrow (Anglo Saxon 'Gyrwe') is dedicated to the life of the Venerable Bede, the 'Father of English History'. The nominated World Heritage Site is straddled by two rivers - the Tyne and the Don. There is a medieval monastery (St. Paul's Church, AD 681), an Anglo-Saxon farm with rare breed animals and buildings constructed in original materials from that period, and the Georgian Jarrow Hall. The Jarrow Crusade of 1936 was a key event in the town's history and the original banner carried by the marchers to London can be viewed at Jarrow Town Hall. The people of the North East of England, mainly miners and shipworkers, were suffering even more than the rest of the country with unemployment. ...

The local identification of South Shields people with Arabs, which is widespread in the region, may have originated from the placename Arbeia (which is apparently a latinized version of an Aramaic term meaning "place of the Arabs"), but there has also been a fairly sizeable Arab community in South Shields since the 1890s.

Economy

Shipbuilding and repairing, coal mining and exports, and the chemical industries declined from the latter half of the 20th Century, resulting in mass unemployment. In more recent years, however, this trend has reversed and South Tyneside attracts new industries, most notably in the service sector. There is still a considerable manufacturing base of ship-repair and offshore services, engineering, electronics, clothing, furniture, paper products, timber and small precision engineering.

At one time, Tyneside built 25% of the world's ships. South Tyneside College specialises in maritime training and attracts students from around the world. South Tyneside College is a sixth form college in South Shields, UK. The college offers part-time and full-time courses for both young students and adults alike External link College website Categories: UK school stubs | Sixth Form Colleges in the United Kingdom ...

Tourism is also an important and growing industry.

Places of interest

South Shields town centre offers high street shopping with a regular market and museum & art gallery. Arbeia Roman Fort Museum offers a reconstructed Roman fort at the Lawe Top. The seafront offers the traditional British seaside experience - fairground, parks, boating lake and miniature steam railway, amusements and arcades, hotels, bed and breakfasts, caravan and camping sites, restaurants, amphitheatre, outdoor live entertainment, promenades, Groyne lighthouse and the mile-long South Pier. On the coast road to Whitburn, Marsden Rock, a monstrous limestone stack colonised by sea birds, is a longstanding tourist attraction. Less famous is the nearby Souter Lighthouse, the first in the world to be generated by electricity, and the secluded Jackie's Beach is a welcome change from the busier beaches of Marsden. Much of the coastal scenery in this area was until two decades ago dominated by the spoil heaps and pithead winding gear of the collieries, but those are now gone and the area's natural beauty has been restored.

Bede's World, the Tyne Pedestrian Tunnel, the refurbished Viking Shopping Centre, and J Barbour factory outlet at Jarrow are also of interest. The extraordinary life of the Venerable Bede (AD 673-735) created a rich legacy that is celebrated at Bedes World, a museum in Jarrow. ...

Westoe, Harton, Cleadon, East Boldon, Monkton and Whitburn are typical suburban villages offering traditional pubs, building styles and small shopping boutiques. There is a cricket ground at Whitburn village.

Hebburn riverside is surprisingly green and open with views to the busy shipyards across-river at Wallsend.

South Shields Sailing Club, Temple Park Leisure Centre, Gypsies Green and Monkton Stadium, Hebburn Swimming Pool, national and local cycle routes, open areas and parks are the main outdoor recreational areas. The Great North Run is the world's biggest half marathon which takes place every September/October, starting in Newcastle and finishing on The Leas in South Shields. The Great North Run is the worlds most popular half marathon (13. ...

In summer there is a festival with opening street parade, street and stage entertainment and an open-top tour bus connecting various places of interest.

Environment

The physical environment varies greatly in a small area: from industrial areas like Port of Tyne to business parks at Monkton and Boldon; traditional 'back to back' terraces to suburban housing; the River Tyne to the harbour, river entrance and open sea at Littlehaven; Marsden Quarry to the Great North Forest...

EcoCentre at Hebburn is a building constructed from recycled materials, self-reliant in power generation by means of its own wind turbine and is efficient in waste management.

The weather is variable and typical of a Maritime Climate.

Transport

The A1 (M), A19 and other trunk roads link South Tyneside to the national road network. The Tyne and Wear Metro is a light rail system connecting the area with the rest of the Tyneside conurbation, Sunderland, and Newcastle's main line Central Station and International Airport. The Tyne Road and Pedestrian Tunnels traverse the river at Jarrow and Howdon. A passenger only cross-river ferry also serves the towns of North and South Shields. The Port of Tyne situated at Tyne Dock is a growing terminal handling large volumes of freight, including exports from the Nissan car plant at Washington.

Language

'Geordie' is the local accent and dialect of people born in South Tyneside. It is regarded for its extensive dialect, sing-song accent and distinction. 'Sandancer' (Sand dancer) is a term often referred to as a native of South Shields, though 'Geordie' is more widely used and recognised.

The term Sandancer is a reference to the longstanding (though often rather tenuous) Arab connections of the town, and a popular mid-twentieth century comic Music Hall turn by Wilson, Keppel and Betty (who had no known South Shields connections), which imitated depictions of dancing in Egyptian tomb art. Wilson, Keppel and Betty were a popular British music hall act who capitalised on the trend for Egyptian imagery following the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun. ...

People

Well known South Tynesiders include author Dame Catherine Cookson, former three times Prime Minister of New Zealand Sir William Fox, actress Dame Flora Robson, BBC war correspondent Kate Adie, Hollywood director Ridley Scott, entrepreneur J. Barbour and athlete Steve Cram. Author Lewis Carroll was inspired to write 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' and 'Through the Looking Glass' by local residents he met when staying in Whitburn. South Tynesiders are noted for their hospitality, community spirit and sense of humour. Dame Catherine Ann Cookson DBE OBE (June 27, 1906 - June 11, 1998) was an English novelist. ... Sir William Fox, KCMG served as Premier of New Zealand on four occasions in the 19th century, while New Zealand was still a colony. ... Flora Robson (March 28, 1902 - July 7, 1984) was a British actress renowned as one of the great character players and one of Britains theatrical grandes dames. ... Kate Adie (born September 19, 1945) is a British journalist. ... Ridley Scott Sir Ridley Scott (born November 30, 1937 in South Shields) is an influential British film director and producer. ... Steve Cram (born October 14, 1960) was a British athlete during the countrys domination of middle distance running in the 1980s. ... Photograph of Lewis Carroll taken by himself, with assistance Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (January 27, 1832 – January 14, 1898), better known by the pen name Lewis Carroll, was a British author, mathematician, logician, Anglican clergyman and photographer. ... John Tenniels illustration for A Mad Tea-Party, 1865 Illustration by Arthur Rackham Alices Adventures in Wonderland is a work of childrens literature by the British mathematician and author, Reverend Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, written under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll. ... Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (1871) is a work of childrens literature by Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson), and is the sequel to Alices Adventures in Wonderland. ...

Twin Cities

South Tyneside is twinned with Épinay-sur-Seine, France; Noisy-le-Sec, France; and Wuppertal, Germany This article is about partnerships between towns distant from each other; see Twin cities for the unrelated concept of physically neighbouring cities. ... Épinay-sur-Seine is a town and commune of France, in the northern suburbs of Paris. ... Noisy-le-Sec is a town and commune of the Seine-Saint-Denis département, in France. ... Wuppertal university Wuppertal is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ...

Districts of North East England
Alnwick - Berwick-upon-Tweed - Blyth Valley - Castle Morpeth - Chester-le-Street - Darlington - Derwentside - Durham - Easington - Gateshead - Hartlepool - Middlesbrough - Newcastle upon Tyne - North Tyneside - Redcar and Cleveland - Sedgefield - South Tyneside - Stockton-on-Tees - Sunderland - Teesdale - Tynedale - Wansbeck - Wear Valley
Counties with multiple districts: County Durham - Northumberland - Tyne and Wear The Districts of England are the lowest level of local government in England, except for civil parishes. ... North East England is one of the regions of England. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Alwnick is a local government district in Northumberland, England. ... Berwick-upon-Tweed is a local government district and borough in Northumberland in the north_east of England, on the border with Scotland. ... Blyth Valley is a borough and district in south-east Northumberland, England, bordering the North Sea and Tyne and Wear. ... Castle Morpeth is a local government district and borough in Northumberland, England. ... Chester-le-Street is a local government district in County Durham in north-east England. ... Darlington is a town in the north-east of England. ... Derwentside is a local government district in County Durham, England, named after the River Derwent. ... Durham is a local government district and city in County Durham. ... Easington is a local government district and in eastern County Durham, England. ... Gateshead is a metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, in north-east England. ... Hartlepool (pronounced HART-le-pool) is a town and North Sea port in North East England. ... Map sources for Middlesbrough at grid reference NZ5118 Middlesbrough is a town, borough and district in North-East England, with a resident population in 2001 of 134,855. ... This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ... North Tyneside is a metropolitan borough in the North East of England, part of the Tyne and Wear urban area centred on Newcastle and formerly part of Northumberland. ... Redcar and Cleveland is a unitary authority in the former county of Cleveland, consisting of Redcar, Saltburn-by-the-Sea, Guisborough, and small towns such as Brotton, Skelton, and Loftus. ... Sedgefield is a local government district and borough in County Durham, in north-east England. ... Stockton-on-Tees is a local government district and borough in north-east England, with a resident population in 2001 of 178,408 rising to 185,880 in 2005 estimates. ... The City of Sunderland is a metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear in North East England. ... Teesdale is a local government district in County Durham, England. ... Tynedale is a local government district in south-west Northumberland. ... Wansbeck is a local government district in south-east Northumberland, England. ... Wear Valley is a local government district in County Durham, England. ... Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ... County Durham is a county in north-east England. ... For other places with this name, see Northumberland (disambiguation) Northumberland is a traditional, ceremonial and administrative county in northern England. ... Tyne and Wear is a metropolitan county in the North East of England and consists of the estuary areas of the rivers Tyne and Wear. ...