Sovietization is term that may be used with two distinct (but related) meanings:

• the adoption of a political system based on the model of soviets (workers' councils).
• the adoption of a way of life and mentality modelled after the Soviet Union.

The term was one of numerous "-ation" buzzwords in Soviet phraseology, along with electrification, collectivization, korenizatsiya, etc. A soviet (Russian: , IPA: , council[1]) originally was a workers local council in late Imperial Russia. ... GOELRO plan (Russian: план ГОЭЛРО) was the first ever Soviet plan of recovery and development of the state economy, a prototype of Five Year Plans. ... The collectivisation campaign in the USSR, 1930s. ... Korenizatsiya (Russian: ) sometimes also called korenization, meaning nativization or indigenization, literally putting down roots, was the early Soviet nationalities policy promoted mostly in the 1920s but with a continuing legacy in later years. ...

A notable wave of Sovietization (in the second meaning) occurred during and after World War II in Eastern Europe. In a broad sense, this included (mostly not voluntary) adoption of Soviet-like institutions, laws, customs, traditions and the Soviet way of life, both on a national level and in smaller communities. This was usually promoted and speeded up by propaganda aimed at creating a common way of life in all states within the Soviet sphere of influence. In many cases, Sovietization was also accompanied by forced resettlement of large categories of "class enemies" (kulaks, or osadniks, for instance) to the Gulag labor camps and exile settlements.^[1] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Pre-1989 division between the West (grey) and Eastern Bloc (orange) superimposed on current national boundaries: Russia (dark orange), other countries of the former USSR (medium orange),members of the Warsaw pact (light orange), and other former Communist regimes not aligned with Moscow (lightest orange). ... Soviet Propaganda Poster during the World War II. The text reads Red Army Fighter, SAVE US! Chinese propaganda poster from during the Cultural Revolution. ... July 20, 1953 TIME magazine ironic cover: Lavrenty Beria: Enemy of the people. ... The collectivisation campaign in the USSR, 1930s. ... Osadniks (Polish: osadnik/osadnicy, settler/settlers) was the Polish loanword used in Soviet Union for veterans of Polish army that were given land in the Kresy (Western Belarus and Western Ukraine) territory ceded to Poland by Polish-Soviet Riga Peace Treaty of 1921 (and regained by Soviet Union in 1939). ... Gulag ( , Russian: ) was the government body responsible for administering prison camps across the former Soviet Union. ... A labor camp is a simplified detention facility where inmates are engaged in penal labor. ... Involuntary settlements in the Soviet Union took several forms. ...

In a narrow sense, the term Sovietization is often applied to mental and social changes within the population of the Soviet Union and its satellites^[2] which led to creation of the new Soviet man (according to its supporters) or Homo Sovieticus (according to its critics).^[3] In the Communist-Party-sponsored culture of the Soviet Union, the model new Soviet man was described, in several periods, as a person with the qualities that were said to be emerging as dominant among all that countrys citizens, irrespective of its long-standing cultural, ethnic, and linguistic diversity... Homo Sovieticus (from New Latin) is a sarcastic and critical reference to a category of people with a specific mindset that were allegedly created by the governments of the Soviet bloc. ...

Most recently the term "Sovietization" is applied in a derogatory sense to processes in Russia under Putin, with various authors putting various, often mutually contradictory, meanings in the word referring to various attributes of the former Soviet Union. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with pejoration. ... Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин in Cyrillic lettering) (born October 7, 1952) has been the President of Russia since the year 2000. ...

References

Józef Stanisław Tischner born 12 March 1931 in Stary Sącz, died on 28 June 2000 in Kraków was a Polish priest and philosopher. ... Alexandr Zinoviev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Zinovyev (, alternative transliterations: Alexandre, Alexander, Zinoviev, Zinovyev); (September 29, 1922 – May 10, 2006), was a well-known Russian logician, sociologist, writer and satirist. ...

See also

• Russification