? Soybeans
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Faboideae Genus: Glycine Species: G. max
Binomial name
Glycine max Merr.

Soybeans (US) or Soya beans (UK) (Glycine max) are a high-protein legume (family Fabaceae) grown as food for both humans and livestock. The word soy is derived from the Japanese word shoyu (soy sauce/soya sauce). Download high resolution version (640x951, 162 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Divisions Land plants (embryophytes) Non-vascular plants (bryophytes) Hepatophyta - liverworts Anthocerophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses Vascular plants (tracheophytes) Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongues Seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta - flowering plants Adiantum pedatum (a fern... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also angiosperms or Magnoliophyta) are one of the major groups of modern plants, comprising those that produce seeds in specialized reproductive organs called flowers, where the ovulary or carpel is enclosed. ... Orders see text Dicotyledons or dicots are flowering plants whose seed contains two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. ... Families Fabaceae (legumes) Quillajaceae Polygalaceae (milkwort family) Surianaceae The Fabales are an order of flowering plants, included in the rosid group of dicotyledons. ... Subfamilies Faboideae Caesalpinioideae Mimosoideae References GRIN-CA 2002-09-01 The name Fabaceae belongs to either of two families, depending on viewpoint. ... Genera See text The Subfamily Faboideae is in the flowering plant family, Fabaceae. ... Species See text Glycine Willd. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is a standard convention used for naming species. ... American English (AmE) is the form of the English language used mostly in the United States of America. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... Varieties of soybean seeds, a popular legume A flowering legume The term legume has two closely related meanings in botany, a situation encountered with many botanical common names of useful plants whereby an applied name can refer to either the plant itself, or to the edible fruit (or useful part). ... Subfamilies Faboideae Caesalpinioideae Mimosoideae References GRIN-CA 2002-09-01 The name Fabaceae belongs to either of two families, depending on viewpoint. ... Binomial name Homo sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Subspecies Homo sapiens idaltu (extinct) Homo sapiens sapiens Human beings define themselves in biological, social, and spiritual terms. ... Sheep are commonly bred as livestock. ... Soy sauce (US) or soya sauce (UK) is a fermented sauce, made from soybeans (soya beans), roasted grain, water and salt, commonly used in Asian cuisine, and in some Western cuisine dishes, especially Worcestershire sauce. ...

Soybeans are considered a source of complete protein, i.e., protein that contains significant amounts of all the essential amino acids that must be provided to the human body because of the body's inability to synthesize them. For this reason, soy is important to many vegetarians and vegans. Soy protein is essentially identical to that of other legume seeds{pulses}. The only non-legume to have an almost identical protein profile to soy is the cereal, oats {Avena sativa} and perhaps quinoa. A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... First, what is an amino acid? Amino Acids are chemical substances that make up protein. ... Human anatomy or anthropotomy is a special field within anatomy. ... Synthesis (from the Greek words syn = plus and thesis = position) is commonly understood to be an integration of two or more pre-existing elements which results in a new creation. ... For animals adapted to eat primarily plants, sometimes referred to as vegetarian animals, see Herbivore. ... Hens kept in cramped conditions — the avoidance of animal suffering is the primary motivation of people who become vegans A vegan is a person who avoids the ingestion or use of animal products. ... Species References ITIS 41455 2002-09-22 Oats are the seeds of any of several cereal grains in the genus Avena. ... Binomial name Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ...

Applications

Soybeans may be boiled whole (in the green pod) and served with salt, often under the Japanese name edamame. Soybeans prepared this way are a popular local snack in Hawai'i where, like in Japan and China, the bean and products made from the bean (miso, natto, tofu, douchi, etc.) are a significant part of the diet. In chemistry, salt is a term used for ionic compounds composed of positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, so that the product is neutral and without a net charge. ... State nickname: The Aloha State Other U.S. States Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Official languages Hawaiian and English Area 28,337 km² (43rd)  - Land 16,649 km²  - Water 11,672 km² (41. ... Miso (Japanese: 味噌) is a thick paste made by fermenting soybeans with kōji (麹, Aspergillus oryzae) and sea salt. ... Natto eaten on top of rice is always stirred before consumption Nattō (納豆) is a traditional Japanese food product made from fermented soybeans, popular especially at breakfast. ... Tofu, sometimes called dofu or bean curd, is a food made by coagulating soy milk, and then pressing the resulting curds into blocks. ... Douchi (Chinese: 豆豉; pinyin: ), also called hamanatto or Chinese fermented black beans, is a flavoring most popular in the cuisine of China, and is used to make black bean sauce. ...

The beans can be processed in a variety of ways. Common forms of soy (or soya) include soy meal (often used as animal feed), soy flour, tofu, textured vegetable protein (TVP, which is made into a wide variety of vegetarian foods, some of them intended to imitate meat), tempeh, soy lecithin and vegetable oil. Soybeans are also the primary ingredient involved in the production of soy sauce (or shoyu). An ingredient used in many foods, flour is a fine powder made from cereals or other starchy food sources. ... Tofu, sometimes called dofu or bean curd, is a food made by coagulating soy milk, and then pressing the resulting curds into blocks. ... Dry TVP flakes are an inexpensive protein source when purchased in bulk and can be added to a variety of vegetarian dishes or used as a supplement to bulk out a meat dish. ... Vegetarian cuisine is cookery of food that meets vegetarian principles. ... Meat is animal tissue (mainly muscle) used as food. ... Tempeh is a fermented food typically made from soybeans, most popular in Indonesia and other parts of Southeast Asia. ... Lecithin, also known as Phosphatidylcholine Lecithin is usually used as synonym for phosphatidylcholine, a phospholipid which is the major component of a phosphatide fraction which may be isolated from either egg yolk (in Greek lekithos - λεκιθος) or soy beans from which it is mechanically or chemically extracted using hexane. ... A vegetable oil or vegoil is an oil extracted from oilseeds or another plant source. ... Soy sauce (US) or soya sauce (UK) is a fermented sauce made from soybeans (soya beans), roasted grain, water and sea salt (US will use salt unless otherwise stated). ...

Soybeans were discovered by George Washington Carver to be a valuable source of protein and oil. He also encouraged farmers to use crop rotation. Peanuts, soybeans, sweet potatoes or other plants that would replenish the soil with nitrogen and minerals were planted for two years and then cotton on the third year. George Washington Carver, 1906 George Washington Carver (c. ... Crop rotation is the practice of growing two (or more) dissimilar type of crops in the same space in sequence. ... Binomial name Arachis hypogaea L. The Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a species in the pea family Fabaceae native to South America. ... Binomial name Ipomoea batatas Linnaeus For the musical instrument, see ocarina. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless Atomic mass 14. ... This article is about minerals in the geologic sense; for nutrient minerals see dietary mineral; for the band see Mineral (band). ... Cotton is a soft fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to the tropical and subtropical regions of both the Old World and the New World. ...

Soybeans grow throughout Asia and North and South America.

Many traditional dairy products have been imitated using soybeans, and products such as soy milk, soy yogurt and soy cream cheese are readily available in most supermarkets. These products have similar texture and appearance to milk-based ones, however regular soy milk does not contain significant amounts of calcium, since the high calcium content of soybeans is bound to the insoluble constituents and remains in the okara. Therefore, many manufacturers of soy milk sell calcium-enriched products as well. Tofu often contains high amounts of this important mineral since calcium salts are used to coagulate the protein in soy milk in order to produce tofu. Additionally, soy protein has been found to reduce renal excretion of calcium, an effect that is reinforced by soy products' high potassium content. Most soy products must not be fed to infants, although specially designed soy infant formula has also been made in recent times. This formula contains extra vitamins and other nutrients added to it to make it compatible with the infant's needs. In some cases, infants fed normal adult soy milk on a long-term basis have become extremely malnourished and even died. In addition, soy allergies are one of the more common food allergies. Download high resolution version (640x978, 162 KB)Soybeans from http://www. ... Download high resolution version (640x978, 162 KB)Soybeans from http://www. ... Dairy products are generally defined as foodstuffs produced from milk. ... Soy milk Soy milk, soy drink or soya milk is a beverage produced from soybeans. ... Yoghurt Yoghurt or yogurt, less commonly yoghourt or yogourt, is a dairy product produced by bacterial fermentation of milk. ... Cream cheese is a soft, rich, mild-tasting white cheese usually sold in brick form or in a small tub-like container. ... Exterior appearance of typical supermarket (Albertsons) Supermarket produce section A supermarket is a store that sells a wide variety of goods including food and alcohol (where permitted), medicine, clothes, and other household products that are consumed regularly. ... General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 40. ... Okara is a yellowish pulp consisting of the insoluble parts of soybeans, which remains when pureed soybeans are filtered in the production of soy milk. ... The coagulation of blood is a complex process during which blood forms solid clots. ... Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ... General Name, Symbol, Number potassium, K, 19 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 4, s Appearance silvery white Atomic mass 39. ... A human infant The word infant derives from the Latin in-fans, meaning unable to speak. ... An infant being fed by bottle. ... A vitamin is an organic molecule whose insufficiency in the diet can result in disease. ... In medicine, food allergy is hypersensitivity to dietary substances, leading to various types of gastrointestinal complaints. ...

Soybeans are also used in industrial products including oils, soap, cosmetics, resins, plastics, inks, crayons, solvents, and biodiesel. This article is about a common cleaning mixture. ... Closeup of a womans eye while wearing makeup Cosmetics or makeup are substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, apart from simple cleaning. ... Insect trapped in resin. ... Plastic is a term that covers a range of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymerization products. ... An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for colouring a surface to render an image or text. ... Crayola brand crayons A crayon is a stick of colored wax, charcoal, chalk, or other material used for writing and drawing. ... A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ... Biodiesel sample Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. ...

Soybean Production

See: Vegetable oil A vegetable oil or vegoil is an oil extracted from oilseeds or another plant source. ...

Varieties of soybeans are used for many purposes.

Soybeans are native to southeast Asia, but 45 percent of the world's soybean area, and 55 percent of production, is in the United States. The US produced 75 million metric tons of soybeans in 2000 of which more than one-third was exported. Other leading producers are Brazil, Argentina, China, and India. Much of the US production is either fed to animals or exported, though US consumption of soy by people has been increasing. Although the bean has been praised for various qualities, environmental groups like Greenpeace have complained that soybean cultivation in Brazil is encouraging Amazon rainforest deforestation. Download high resolution version (624x948, 203 KB)Varieties of soybeans http://www. ... Download high resolution version (624x948, 203 KB)Varieties of soybeans http://www. ... World map showing location of Asia Asia is the central and eastern part of Eurasia, defined by subtracting Europe from Eurasia. ... Greenpeace protest in Brasília, Brazil. ... A river in the Amazon rainforest The Amazon is a rainforest in South America. ... Deforestation is the conversion of forested areas to non-forest. ...

Soy oil makes up 80% of the edible oil consumption in the United States. Soybean oil extraction is performed on a large scale in the U.S., especially by Cargill. The soybeans (18-20% dry wt. oil) are crushed and ground, then extracted with cyclohexane. The oils are blended for their applications, and sometimes hydrogenated. The oils are exported abroad, sold as vegetable oil, or end up in a wide variety of prepared foods. New processes increasingly prepare protein isolates for use as food additives or health supplements. The remaining soybean husks are used mainly as animal feed. Minnesota-based Cargill is the worlds largest privately held corporation, with 2004 revenues of US$62. ... In chemistry, liquid-liquid extraction is a useful method to separate components (compounds) of a mixture. ... A cyclohexane molecule in chair conformation, with hydrogen atoms in axial position in red, equatorial in blue. ... Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction in which unsaturated bonds between carbon atoms are reduced by attachment of a hydrogen atom to each carbon. ...

Soybeans are one of the crops that are being genetically modified, and GMO soybeans are being used in an increasing number of products. Currently, 80% of all soybeans cultivated for the commercial market are genetically modified. Monsanto is the world's leader in genetically modified soy for the commercial market. As specialty soy products such as tofu and soymilk increase in popularity, production may very well shift from health-conscious, organic, non-GMO firms to larger firms that buy from the general food supply. In this manner, tofu and soymilk could drop in price with respect to established commodities such as meat and milk. Italic textGMO is a three-letter abbreviation that could mean: genetically modified organism Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad (AAR reporting mark GMO) This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

See also

• Biodiesel
• Protein per unit area
• Soybean rust
• Soy milk
• Soy protein
• Soy sauce
• Soybean cyst nematode

Biodiesel sample Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. ... Edible protein per unit area for various foodstuffs: Interpretation Soybean provides the largest amount of protein per unit area. ... Species Phakopsora meibromiae Phakopsora pachyrizi Soybean rust, sometimes also called Asian soybean rust, is a disease that affects soybeans and other legumes. ... Soy milk Soy milk, soy drink or soya milk is a beverage produced from soybeans. ... Soy protein is the protein extracted from the soybean. ... Soy sauce (US) or soya sauce (UK) is a fermented sauce made from soybeans (soya beans), roasted grain, water and sea salt (US will use salt unless otherwise stated). ... Binomial name Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, 1952 The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, plant-parasitic nematode that is a devastating pest of the soybean (Glycine max) worldwide. ...

References

• "The History of Soybeans". North Carolina Soybean Producers Association. URL accessed on July 25, 2005.
• "American Soybean Association." Accessed July 25, 2005.

July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ...

External links

• Nutrition data