A spangenhelm with nasal and cheek flaps.

The Spangenhelm was a popular European war helmet design of the Early Middle Ages.^[1] The name derives from the metal strips, called Spangen, that form the framework for the helmet. These connect three to six steel or bronze plates. The frame takes a conical design that curves with the shape of the head and culminates in a point. The front of the helmet may include a nasal. Older spangenhelms often include cheek flaps made from metal or leather. Spangenhelms may incorporate chain mail as neck protection. Some spangenhelms include eye protection in a shape that resembles modern eyeglass frames. Other spangenhelms include a full face mask. Headgear, headwear or headdress is the name given to any element of clothing which is worn on ones head. ... There are many different styles of hats A hat is an item of clothing which is worn on the head – a kind of headgear. ... A bonnet is a kind of headgear which is usually brimless. ... The initialism CAP, when used by itself, can refer to: California Assessment Program, a California standards test replaced by the California Learning Assessment System, which was in turn replaced by the STAR system. ... A hood is a kind of headgear. ... Pickelhaube of a Swedish Royal Guard soldier For other uses, see Helmet (band) A helmet (a 15th century loan from Middle French, a diminutive of Frankish helm, from Proto-Germanic *khelmaz, PIE *kelmo- a cover) is a form of protective clothing worn on the head and usually made of metal... WIG, originally an acronym for Warszawski Indeks Giełdowy (Warsaw Stock Exchange Index) is the oldest index for the Warsaw Stock Exchange. ... Masks in a Guatemalan Market A teenager reading a book, while wearing a dinosaur mask A mask is a piece of material or kit worn on the face. ... Veils are articles of clothing, worn almost exclusively by women, which cover some part of the head or face. ... A Scarf joint is a means of joining usually wood, sometimes metal, end to end. ... Beauty pageant tiara A tiara (from Persian تاره tara borrowed by Latin as tiara) is a form of crown. ... The Papal Tiara, also known as the Triple Tiara, in Latin as the Triregnum, or in Italian as the Triregno, is the three-tiered jewelled papal crown of Byzantine and Persian origin that is the symbol of the papacy. ... The turban (Arabic: , ‘imāmä; Turkish: tülbent; Persian: دلبنت, dulband) is a headdress, of Asian origin, consisting of a long scarf wound round the head or an inner hat. ... Crown (headgear) - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... This is an incomplete list of hats and headgear (that is, anything worn on the head), both modern and historical. ... Pickelhaube of a Swedish Royal Guard soldier For other uses, see Helmet (band) A helmet (a 15th century loan from Middle French, a diminutive of Frankish helm, from Proto-Germanic *khelmaz, PIE *kelmo- a cover) is a form of protective clothing worn on the head and usually made of metal... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... For other uses, see Chainmail (disambiguation). ...

The spangenhelm originated in northern Iran (Persia) during the Sassanid Empire. It arrived in Europe in the third century by way of what is now southern Russia and Ukraine. By the sixth century it was the most common helmet design in Europe and in popular use throughout the Middle East. It remained in use at least as late as the ninth century.^[2] The Sassanid Empire in the time of Shapur I; the conquest of Cappadocia was temporary Official language Pahlavi (Middle Persian) Dominant Religion Zoroastrianism Capital Ctesiphon Sovereigns Shahanshah of the Iran (Eranshahr) First Ruler Ardashir I Last Ruler Yazdegerd III Establishment 224 AD Dissolution 651 AD Part of the History of...

The spangenhelm was an effective protection that was relatively easy to produce. Weakness of the design were its partial head protection and its jointed construction. It was replaced by the casque.

A surviving spangenhelm, sixth century (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna)

The famous Sutton Hoo helmet has a Spangenhelm design, originating from a Roman parade helmet style. Kunsthistorisches Museum at Maria-Theresien-Platz, Vienna Madonna im Grünen by Raffaello Tower of Babel by Pieter Brueghel Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Blue Dress by Velázquez Schloss Belvedere, Vienna by Canaletto The Kunsthistorisches Museum (en: Museum of Art History) in Vienna, is located on Ringstraße. ... Sutton Hoo parade helmet (British Museum, restored). ...

Notes

Portions of this article were translated from the German Wikipedia.

1. ↑ From the German Wikipedia, in heraldry a different kind of helmet is known as a spangenhelm. The latter helmet was a fifteenth and sixteenth tournament helmet style.
2. ↑ Simon Coupland, "Carolingian Arms and Armor in the Ninth Century", (accessed 10 March 2006).

Heraldry is the science and art of designing, displaying, describing and recording coats-of-arms (also referred to as armorial bearings or simply as arms). Its origins lie in the need to distinguish participants in battles or jousts and to describe the various devices they carried or painted on their...

External links

• The Ravens Warband history and construction techniques for spangenhelms.
• How to Build a Spangenhelm