This article covers the Spanish Civil War in 1936. The outbreak of war can be seen to be the uprising in Morocco on the 17th of July triggered by events in Madrid. By the summer, important tendencies of the war become clear, both in terms of atrocities being committed and in the difference between the intermittent help the Republican government will receive from France and the Soviet Union and its contrast with the committed support of Fascist Italy and Germany for Franco. The Spanish Civil War (July 1936–April 1939) was a conflict in which the incumbent Second Spanish Republic and political left-wing groups fought against a right-wing nationalist insurrection led by General Francisco Franco, who eventually succeeded in ousting the Republican government and establishing a dictatorship. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Detailed chronology: 1936

February 16

Popular Front electoral victory.

July 12

Police lieutenant José Castillo is murdered by four fascist gunmen who awaited the recently married lieutenant in the afternoon hours in front of his house. He was a member of the UMRA, an antifascist organization for military members, and also worked with socialist youth.

July 13

In retaliation, around 3am, Calvo Sotelo, leader of the right-wing monarchist party, is murdered by police officers. Only a few hours after the assassination of Castillo, his close friend Police Captain Fernando Condes and other police officers, acting on their own initiative, arrest Calvo Sotelo in his house. Driving with him in a police car of the Assault Guard (Guardia de Asalto) police officer Luis Cuenca shoots him in the back of the neck. His dead body is given to a municipal undertaker.

July 14

Shootout between Police Assault Guard and fascist militias in the streets surrounding the cemetery of Madrid, where the burials of José Castillo and Calvo Sotelo are taking place. Four people killed.

July 17

Army uprising in Morocco. Military uprising of the Foreign Legion in Morocco. General Manuel Romerales, commanding officer of the East Army, murdered by rebels, who also imprisoned commanding General Gomez in the late afternoon. Loyal police troops from the Guardia Civil and Guardia de Asalto hold the cities Tetouan and Larache, but are under heavy attack by the rebels. General Franco orders the killing of his nephew, a major in Tetuan, for standing loyal to the government.
By late evening, all of Morocco is in the hands of the rebels. From the Canary Islands, Franco declares a "state of war" for all of Spain. Prime Minister Casares Quiroga spends the whole day telephoning different regional military administrations to clarify the situation. Pamplona, Saragossa, Oviedo, Salamanca, Avila, Segovia, and Cadiz are already in rebel hands.

July 18

The rebels gain control over about one third of Spain.

July 19

Franco flies from the Canary Islands to Tetuán and takes command of the army in Africa.
Santiago Casares Quiroga resigns as chief of the Republican government.
Diego Martínez Barrio tries to form a new government, but cannot obtain broad enough parliamentary support.
José Giral forms a government, which orders that arms be issued to the general populace.
Seville, one of the most important cities in the south, is unsuccessfully defended by local police troops and a poorly armed workers' militia. While the heaviest weapons police possess are machine guns, the rebel General Queipo de Llano sends in artillery and heavily armed troops. Seville falls to the rebels.
The People's Olympiad opens in Barcelona, a protest against the official 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany. In Barcelona, heavy streetfighting breaks out between police, workers militias and loyal troops on one side and around 12,000 rebel soldiers on the other. After it becomes obvious that Civil Guard, Assault Guard and City Police would not be enough to keep control of the city, the Generalitat (regional government of Catalonia), decide belatedly to arm the people.

July 20

Start of the siege of the Alcázar de Toledo. Rebels defeated in Madrid and Barcelona, but they take Majorca. In Madrid, around 10,000 citizens, among them police officers and soldiers, attack the Montana Barracks, held by rebel General Fanjul and around 2,500 soldiers. Some soldiers in the Barracks want to surrender and wave a white flag. The crowd moves towards the barracks, while the soldiers who wanted to surrender are overwhelmed by the rebels. The rebels then immediately fire heavy machine guns and grenades into the masses, leaving many wounded or dead. The crowd storms the Barracks and massacres the defenders. General Fanjul is among the few captured alive.
Barcelona: The combined forces of local police troops, workers' militias and citizens gain back control over the city in a dramatic two-day barricade fight.
Majorca: After heavy resistance, especially at the Air Base, the rebels gain control over Majorca.
The official leader of the uprising, General Sanjurjo, dies in an air accident in a small airplane bringing him back to Spain from his exile in Portugal. He had insisted, against the advice of the pilot, on taking all of his possessions with him. The overloaded airplane crashed taking off.

July 21

The Nationalist insurgents have control of the Spanish zones of Morocco, the Canary Islands, the Balearics (except Minorca), the part of Spain north of the Sierra de Guadarrama and the Río Ebro (except Asturias, Santander, the north of the País Vasco (Basque Country), and Catalonia). Among the major cities, the insurgents hold Seville, but the Republicans retain Madrid and Barcelona.
Toledo: After three days of street battles against forces loyal to the government, about 1000 Civil and Assault Guards, Falangists (comparable to the German S.A.), and a handful of infantry cadets, under the leadership of Colonel Moscardo, retreat into the Alcázar de Toledo, a stone fortress set on high ground overlooking the Tagus River and the city. They take with them their own families, plus a few hundred women and children as hostages, most of them families of well known leftists.

July 22

Vallehermoso, Santa Cruz de Tenerife in La Gomera, a village of 4,000, is the last place in the Canary Islands to fall to the rebels. Police Officer Francisco Mas García organized the hopeless resistance. The actual battle for the town lasted several hours. The councilor, the police officers and the leader of the local workers' council were condemned to death. In the hour before his execution, police chief Don Antonio wrote to his wife: "I die calm, because I believe in the justice of God".
The navy and air force remain loyal to the government. Thanks to the initiative of noncommissioned officer Benjamin Balboa, most of the Navy stayed loyal to the Republic. He was on duty in the central military radio station. As soon as he got notice of the uprising he informed the Naval Ministry and arrested his commanding officer, Captain Castor Ibáñez, then spent the night informing navy ships about the uprising. The soldiers on the ships formed councils and gained control of the ships, despite heavy resistance from the officers. Spain lost three quarters of its navy officers that night, but the Navy was saved for the Republic. The officers of the Spanish Air Force are traditionally very Republican, but the air force has only a few obsolete planes.

July 23

The Nationalists declare a government in the form of the Junta de Defensa Nacional, which meets for the first time in Burgos.

July 24

Start of French aid to the Republican side. For the moment, the help only involves sending a handful of obsolete airplanes for the Spanish Republican Air Force, but the very fact that France seems willing to help is eminently morally important for the supporters of the Republic.
The Durruti Column, around three thousand men, mostly workers, led by Buenaventura Durruti are the first volunteer militia to leave Barcelona, heading for the Aragon front.

July 28

First arrival of German and Italian planes in aid of the Nationalist side. The German and Italian planes carry troops from Morocco to Iberian Spain.

July-August

The social revolution, collectivizations. (See Spanish Revolution)

August 1

Under British pressure, France reverses its policy of helping Republican Spain, and together both nations found the Committee of Non-Intervention.
At the pleading of the Marqués de Viana and the exiled ex-king of Spain, Alfonso XIII, Mussolini sends airplanes in support of the rebels. Mussolini wants money for this help; the Spanish billionaire Juan March pays for the Italian airplanes. Because Franco has no air personnel or pilots, Mussolini sends the airplanes with Italian pilots. After two of the airplanes crash on their way in French Morocco, the world becomes aware of this clear breach of nonintervention.

August 2

Troops of the rebellious Foreign Legion start their advance from Seville towards Madrid .

August 8

France closes its border with Spain.
While Majorca is still in hands of the fascists, Ibiza and Formentera are back in Republican hands.

August 10

The Nationalists take Mérida on their way to Madrid cutting off the Republicans in Badajoz. The well-known female Republican activist Leiva is executed by the Nationalists.

August 14

Nationalist forces under Colonel Juan Yagüe take Badajoz, uniting the two parts of the Nationalist territory. Around 4,000 people die during and after the attack in Badajoz. In the local bullring, thousands of people are shot down by the Nationalists with machine guns.
Fighting alongside the Nationalists are the so-called "moros" (Moors), Moroccan volunteers, for whom the civil war was a chance at a sort of revenge for the Spain's colonial occupation of their country. Fighting, ironically, on the side of the colonialists against the common people of Spain, they were to become elite troops of the fascist army.

August 16

The Republican Army land on the coast of Majorca, under heavy bombardment by Italian planes. Captain Alberto Bayo establishes a small base on the coast.

August 19

Viznar, Grenada: Federico García Lorca, among others, is murdered by members of the fascist "Escuadra Negra". Before being killed, they are forced to dig their own graves. Later, the official excuse for the brutal assassination of García Lorca will be that he was homosexual.

August 24

Italy and Germany join officially the Non-Intervention agreement. This gives them the possibility to participate in the international blockade of Spain: Italian and German warships are now allowed to stay in Spanish territorial waters and prevent other ships from reaching the Spanish shore.

September 3

The Republican forces under Captain Alberto Bayo retreat from Majorca. After establishing a small base on the shore of Majorca two weeks earlier, the Republican troops could not make it to the inner area of the island. Under permanent attack by enemy land and air forces, the retreat was more of a flight, leaving behind many men, weapons and valuable material.

September 4

Prime Minister Francisco Largo Caballero presents new government: 6 Socialists, 4 Republicans, 2 Communists, 1 Catalan Republican, and 1 Basque Nationalist.

September 5

After heavy fighting, the Basque city of Irún is taken by the Nationalists. Anarchist militias, defending the city, destroy most of the government buildings with dynamite to prevent their use by the Fascists. The Fascists control now a large and contiguous portion of Spain. The Basque Country is separated from the rest of the Republic, the Basque coastline is already blocked by warships of the "Non Intervention" states, and eventually even its supply lines over the French border are cut off.

September 9

23 countries attend first official meeting of the Non-Intervention committee in London. The psychological effect on the Republican side is horrible. Instead of helping the legally elected democratic government, the democratic nations turn away, in favor of the Insurgents. "One country alone reacted without fear, and with great generosity, towards the plight of the Spanish republic. Mexico supported fully and publicly the claim of the Madrid government. Mexico refused to follow the French-British Non-Intervention proposals, recognizing immediately the great advantage they offered the Insurgents. Contrary to the United States, Mexico did not feel that neutrality between an elected government and a military junta was a proper policy.[...] Mexico's attitude gave immense moral comfort to the Republic, especially since the major South American governments - those of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Peru - sympathized more or less openly with the Insurgents." But Mexican aid meant relatively little in practical terms if the French border were closed and if the dictators remained free to supply the Insurgents with a quality and quantity of weapons far beyond the power of Mexico.
Nationalists have been under siege in the Alcázar de Toledo since July 21. Today, Lt. Colonel Vicente Rojo Lluch enters the Alcázar under a flag of truce to try to obtain its surrender, and failing that, the release of the hostages. Colonel Moscardo refuses both proposals.

September 13

Basque city of San Sebastian taken by the Nationalists, who now advance in the direction of the Basque capital, Bilbao.
The government agree to send part of the national gold reserves to the Soviet Union. The gold is sent as security for future buying of war material from the Soviet Union.

September 14

The Pope condemns the Republican Government for their "satanic hate against God".

September 19

The Nationalists take the island of Ibiza.

September 24

Against the recommendation of his German advisors, Franco postpones the advance on Madrid in order to aid the Insurgents in the Alcázar of Toledo. The siege has taken on immense symbolic importance for both sides.

September 26

The new Catalan government (Generalitat de Catalunya) includes now the groups who gained power resisting the military rebellion. The Socialist P.O.U.M. and the Anarchist C.N.T./F.A.I. send ministers.

September 27

Toledo falls to the Nationalists. Some hundred militia man try to stop the Nationalist advance into the city and were all killed by Foreign Legion and Moroccan mercenaries, the "Moros". Around 40 Anarchists, running out of ammunition, set fire to the building they were defending and are burned alive rather the be taken as prisoners. The Nationalists murder the doctor and the nurses in the hospital of Toledo; unarmed, wounded militiamen are killed in their beds. It develops that the hostages taken by Nationalist Colonel Moscardo were killed in the beginning of the siege, what explains why Moscardo refused to handle them over on September 9.

September 27

The Non-Intervention committee refuses to hear charges against Portugal for his open support of the Insurgents and the clear defiance of the blockade.

September 29

The Fascist junta in Burgos declare Franco Generalísimo.

September

Comintern approves the creation of the International Brigades.

October 1

Franco declares himself head of state and Generalísimo.
The Republican government concedes autonomy to the Basque Country (in practice, Biscay and Guipúzcoa) as Euzkadi, with José Antonio Aguirre as its president.

October 3

In order to "legitimate" the fascist rebellion inside and outside Spain, Franco establishes a civil government for the "National Zone". This Civil Junta has practically no say in any matter, because at the beginning of their uprising the insurgent generals declared a State of War covering all of Spain.

October 6

The Soviet Union declares it will be no more bound by Non-Intervention than are Portugal, Italy, and Germany. The Spanish Republic will now, 3 months after the uprising, be able to buy armaments and ammunition. Unlike the "National Zone", who is supplied openly over the Portuguese border, the Republic still suffers under the closed French border and the "Non-Intervention" blockade at sea.

October 7

The first International Brigades founded in Albacete. The Italian Communist chief Togliatti and the French Communist Andre Marty are the effective organizational heads.

October 9

Foundation of the "Popular Army" in the Spanish Republic. The plan is to organize the loyal portion of the former army, along with the militias, under a modern and efficient officers corps with a central command.

October 12

Miguel de Unamuno opposes Nationalist General Millán Astray. During a celebration in the University of Salamanca (National Zone), with guests including Franco's wife, world famous philosopher and chairman of the university, Miguel de Unamuno, speaks out against General Millán Astray, first commander of the Foreign Legion. Until now a supporter of the Nationalist Rebellion, he says that listening to the official speech of Millán Astray he has come to realize the inhuman and ignoble nature of the uprising. Meanwhile, supporters of the General are shouting "Long Live Death". Unamuno says in a loud voice to the general that they have not only to win (vencer), but to convince (convencer), that he doesn't think they were fit for the latter task, and that the general himself, a cripple who lost an eye and an arm in an former war, is also an cripple in his mind, and therefore his hatred wants to cripple all others. The choleric General becomes so furious that he wants to strike Unamuno, shouting "Death to Intelligence". Only the intervention of Franco's wife prevents this. Unamuno is removed as rector of the university. Because of his international fame and the trouble after the assassination of poet García Lorca, Franco refuses his own and Millán Astray's wish to execute Unamuno. Instead, he is confined to his house and is not allowed to express himself in public. He will die of chagrin in December. The day he dies, his two sons enlist themselves voluntarily in the Republican Militias.

October 24

First Shipment of the Spanish Gold Reserves to the Soviet Union, which insists on having a security for selling armament and ammunition. Spain will ultimately send more than half its gold reserve to the USSR; at $35 per troy ounce the shipment was worth US$578,000,000.

October 27

The first Russian tanks arrive in Madrid. The heavily armored T-26 tanks, which weigh more than 10 tons apiece, drive from the central train station directly into battle. The defenders of Madrid, who until now had to use Molotov cocktails (glass bottles filled with gasoline and burning cloth) against the German and Italian tanks on the Nationalist side, gain the ability to slow the Nationalist advance.

October 27

16 people dead and 60 wounded in air raid against Madrid. Six bombs detonate in the Plaza de Colón, in the middle of the City. One bomb falls into a queue of women waiting for milk for their children. This is the first bombing in modern history without any military meaning, other than to spread terror among the civil population. The air raid was made by German pilots in Junkers Ju-52. Madrid has no air defenses to prevent enemy airplanes from flying over the city.

November 1

The Nationalist army arrive in Madrid. An army of roughly 25,000 men arrive the suburbs of Madrid. Italian planes drop leaflets demanding the citizens to help them to take the city, "otherwise the National aviation will wipe Madrid off the earth".

November 2

The first Russian Airplanes over Madrid surprise the Nationalist bombers. The Republican aviation had till now only a handful of obsolete machines, but today the people of Madrid can see the first Russian "Chatos" defending the city. Citizens stand in the streets and watch the sky, ignoring the alarms and the calls for shelter. Several attacking airplanes are shot down; some Russian airplanes are also shot down by Italian Fiats guarding the bombers. One Russian pilot suffers a horrible death: After his machine is destroyed by a Italian Fiat he saves himself with a jump out of his burning plane, his parachute brings him safely to the city, but he is lynched by a mob of furious citizens, who think he is a German Fascist from the Condor Legion.

November 4

Four Anarchist ministers join the Republican government: Frederica Montseny - portofilio of education, Juan Garcia Oliver - law, Juan Lopez, and Joan Peiro. By this means, Largo Caballero brings figures from what is by far Spain's largest mass movement into the government.
The Nationalists take the Madrid suburb Getafe. After a heavy attack by Moorish cavalry, tanks, and airplanes, the defenders are completely defeated. The wounded are walking disorientated over the battlefield, the organization of the defense in this area breaks down. Fascist General Varela tells foreign journalists in a press conference: "You can tell the world, Madrid will fall within one week." General Mola plans the attack route: over the Casa de Campo and the practically unpopulated university quarter, to avoid heavy losses in the fierce street fight he would anticipate if he had to enter through the south suburbs, traditionally strong districts of the working class. Nationalist casualties are mounting but still tolerable: 115 men today.

November 5

For the first time, the Republican air force forces attacking bombers and their escort to break up the attack on Madrid before they even reach the city.

November 6

After heavy fighting which causes his forces 426 casualties, Yague occupies the suburb Carabanchel and the strategically important hill Cerro de los Angeles. With that, the Nationalists are standing on the door to Madrid, whose defense is organized under the newly created Junta de Defensa directed by General Jose Miaja.
The Republican government moves to Valencia.

November 7

The attack on Madrid. Nationalists gain important bridges on the way to the inner city. General Varela's troops enter Casa de Campo and the University Quarter in fierce man-to-man and house-to-house combat. Both sides suffer heavily. Yague loses today 313 men, mostly Legionnaires and Moors; he is seriously worried by the mounting casualties to his Africa veterans. Franco declares that he will be listening the very next day the holy measures in the cathedral of Madrid.

November 8-9

All-out assault on Madrid. The International Brigades arrive. The defenders are running out of ammunition; on several points the front is close to breaking; in the university quarter the enemy pushes through the Republican lines. This is the moment when the first "Internationals" arrive in Madrid. The shocked citizens think in the first moment that the Nationalists are in the inner city when they see 3,000 uniformed and disciplined soldiers marching in. The members, mostly German, Polish, and Italian veterans of WWI and of German concentration camps, start to sing revolutionary songs and the "Internationale". The citizens rush out of their houses and sing and shout for joy. The "Brigadistas" march immediately to the front, and throw themselves unflinchingly into battle. 2,000 of them die or are wounded within 48 hours. In the War Ministry of Madrid, telegramms are arriving congratulating General Franco on his victorious entry, but only Republican officers are there to read them. When the Moroccan mercenaries of Franco break through the Republican lines in direction of the Model Prison, General Miaja himself drives to the threatened sector, takes his pistol in one hand and shouts at the retreating soldiers: "Cowards! Die in your trenches. Die with your General." This encourages his men, the gap is closed. All over the city, citizens, women as well as the men, are reinforcing the trenches, taking the rifles from dead or wounded soldiers. The Nationalist Ejercito de Africa loses a further 282 veterans in these two days.
Around 1,000 mostly political prisoners are massacred by their Republican Militia guards today in Paracuellos del Jarama. The prisoners, most of them accused Nationalists, were to be evacuated from Madrid to prevent their liberation by Nationalist troops. Their Guards decide to join the defense of Madrid, kill all of the prisoners and return to Madrid.

November 10

Front line established in Madrid, the university quarter back under Republican control. Nationalist casualties are 155. The famous Anarchist Buenaventura Durruti arrives today with the 3,000-man "Durruti Column". They left the Saragossa Front to help defend Madrid.

November 18

Italy and Germany recognize the Franco government. Everybody expects the fall of Madrid within hours. Franco throws everything he has into the battle, German airplanes are fighting over Madrid, and both countries expect this diplomatic step to strengthen the position of Franco and weaken the stand and the morale of the Republic. The Durruti Column has been fighting in the University City without rest since the 15th, only 400 of the 3,000 survive, and those are completely exhausted. Durruti will launch an attack at the University hospital the next day. Between the 11th and the 18th, the Nationalist attackers have suffered 1,290 casualties; they have forced a wedge inside the Ciudad Universitaria but failed to control it or to advance into the capital.

November 19

Anarchist leader Buenaventura Durruti is gravely wounded during the fighting in Madrid. The Durruti Column launches their attack on the University hospital, held by the Nationalists. Around 2 p.m., Durruti is hit by a bullet on the right side of his breast, which passes through his chest and lungs. It is suspected that he may have shot from behind by one of his men, either by accident or possibly in an intentional effort to stop the suicidal attack. What actually happened remains controversial. Nationalist casualties today are 262 with no terrain won at all; the offensive has stalled and turned into what Mola and Yague most feared, a close-quarters fight in urban environment.

November 20

Buenaventura Durruti dies at 6 a.m. The Nationalists suffer a further 294 casualties while repulsing furious counter-attacks against Carabanchel and Vertice Basurero.José Antonio Primo de Rivera, son of dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera and founder of the Falange, is executed in a jail in Alicante, where he has been a prisoner since before the insurgency. The execution is carried out by the new Communist civil governor of Alicante, without awaiting the confirmation of sentence by the government. This breaking of the law and insubordination angered Largo Caballero, but the Republic is already dependent on Soviet supplies and the Spanish Communist Party. This Party starts to act as a state within the state.

November 23

Battle of Madrid ends; with both sides exhausted, a front stabilizes. After 2 weeks, Franco has to give up his plans of taking the city. He now begins preparing himself and his allies for a long and expensive war.

December 11

Alvarez del Vayo complains today before the League of the Nations in Geneva about the support of Portugal, Italy and Germany for the Rebels and the political and economic isolation of the Spanish Republic by the Democratic Nations and the Non-Intervention Committee.

December 17

New government constituted in Aragon. The new Consejo de Aragon has a clear majority of Anarchists. The front-line in Aragon is basically formed by Anarchist and Socialist militia. Some areas and villages in Aragon start immediately with the "revolution", what means the reorganization of public life under Anarchist ideals, foundation of communes and self-organization of factories and farms. Some of the villages replace money with coupons handed out by the local authorities. In Aragon, the world can see the most radical reformation of public life and a true people's revolution.

December 22

Thousands of Nationalist Italian volunteers land in Cadiz, the Nationalist port.

December 24

Thousands have to spend the Christmas days in the trenches on the front. Many refugees have nowhere to go and have to stay at subway stations and refugee camps.

December 30

George Orwell enlists himself in a Republican P.O.U.M. Militia to fight against fascism.

December 31

Miguel de Unamuno dies in his House in Salamanca. As soon as they got notice of the death of their father, his two sons enlist themselves in the Antifascist Militias.

February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... July 12 is the 193rd day (194th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 172 days remaining. ... José Castillo (? – July 12, 1936) was a Spanish Police Assault Guard lieutenant during the Second Spanish Republic. ... July 13 is the 194th day (195th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 171 days remaining. ... July 14 is the 195th day (196th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 170 days remaining. ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... Tétouan (Arabic: Titwan or Tittawen) is the capital and cultural centre of the region Tanga (Tangiers) in the north of Morocco. ... Larache (also Laraish, El Araish) is a port city (1960 population 42000) located in northern Morocco on the Atlantic Ocean. ... 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Diego Martínez Barrio (Seville, 1882 – Paris, 1965) was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic and briefly held the position of Prime Minister of Spain after the resignation of Santiago Casares Quiroga, on July 19, 1936, three days after the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. ... José Giral Pereira, (Santiago de Cuba, 1879 - Mexico, 1962) was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic. ... The Peoples Olympiad or Peoples Olympics (Spanish: Olimpiada Popular) was planned for Barcelona, Spain as a protest event against the 1936 Summer Olympics planned for Berlin during the period of Nazi rule. ... The Games of the XI Olympiad were held in 1936 in Berlin, Germany. ... (help· info), IPA: , is the capital city as well as a state of Germany, and also the countrys largest city. ... July 20 is the 201st day (202nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 164 days remaining. ... This article is about Spanish Alcazars. ... Majorca (Mallorca in Catalan and Spanish, sometimes also encountered in English),: from Latin insula maior, later Maiorica, (major island) is one of the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears, Spanish: Islas Baleares), which are located in the Mediterranean Sea and are a part of Spain. ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... An insurgency is an armed rebellion against a constituted authority, by any irregular armed force that rises up against an enforced or established authority, government, or administration. ... Capital Palma de Mallorca Official languages Catalan and Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 17th  4 992 km²  1,0% Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked 14th  916 968  2,2%  183,69/km² Demonym  â€“ English  â€“ Catalan  â€“ Spanish Balearic balear balear Statute of Autonomy March 1, 1983 ISO 3166... Flag of Minorca Minorca (Menorca both in Catalan and Spanish and increasingly in English usage; from Latin Balearis Minor, later Minorica minor island) is one of the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears Catalan official name, Islas Baleares in Spanish), located in the Mediterranean Sea, and belonging to Spain. ... The Ebro (Greek: Έβρος, Latin: Iberus, Spanish: Ebro, Catalan: Ebre) is Spains most voluminous and second longest river. ... Capital Oviedo Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 10th  10 604 km²  2,1% Population  â€“ Total (2003)  â€“ % of Spain  â€“ Density Ranked 12th  1 056 789  2,5%  99,65/km² Demonym  â€“ English  â€“ Asturian  â€“ Spanish  Asturian  asturianu/a,  asturiano/a Statute of Autonomy January 11, 1982 Parliamentary representation  â€“ Congress seats  â€“ Senate seats... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Capital Barcelona Official languages Spanish and Catalan In Val dAran, also Aranese. ... 22 July is the 203rd day (204th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 162 days remaining. ... Vallehermoso is located on the southwestern and the northwestern coasts of La Gomera in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife of the Canary Islands. ... July 23 is the 204th day (205th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 161 days remaining. ... The cathedral Our Lady of Burgos. ... July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... The Durruti Column was a group of anarchist fighters lead by Buenaventura Durruti in the summer of 1936 during the Spanish Civil War. ... July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... The term social revolution may have different connotations depending on the speaker. ... In Spanish history, there have been several revolutions. ... August 1 is the 213th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (214th in leap years), with 152 days remaining. ... A billionaire is a very wealthy person, one who has a net worth over 1,000,000,000 US Dollars, Euros or comparably valued currency, or over 1,000 times the net worth of a millionaire. ... French Morocco (Fr. ... August 2 is the 214th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (215th in leap years), with 151 days remaining. ... August 8 is the 220th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (221st in leap years), with 145 days remaining. ... Flag of Eivissa Eivissa or Ibiza is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea, and belonging to Spain. ... Flag of Formentera Formentera is the smallest and most southerly island of the Balearic Islands group; it is one of the two Illes Pitiüses, along with Ibiza. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Places named Mérida or Merida include: Mérida, capital city of the state of Yucatán, Mexico Merida, municipality of Leyte province, Philippines Mérida, capital city of the Extremadura Autonomous Community, Spain Mérida, capital city of Mérida State, Venezuela This is a disambiguation page: a list... Leiva is a municipality in Boyacá Department, Colombia. ... August 14 is the 226th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (227th in leap years), with 139 days remaining. ... Juan Yagüe Blanco (1891 – October 29, 1952) was a Spanish army officer during the Spanish Civil War. ... Badajoz (formerly Badajos), the capital of the Spanish province of Badajoz in the autonomous community of Extremadura, is situated close to the Portuguese frontier, on the left bank of the river Guadiana, and the Madrid-Lisbon railway. ... The Moors were the medieval Muslim inhabitants of al-Andalus (the Iberian Peninsula including the present day Spain and Portugal) and the Maghreb, whose culture is often called Moorish. A usual misconception is to relate them to the inhabitants of modern day Mauritania to which they are only related by... August 16 is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Alberto Bayo y Giroud (1892-1967) was a military leader of the defeated left-wing Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War . ... August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Federico García Lorca Federico García Lorca (June 5, 1898 – August 19, 1936) was a Spanish poet and dramatist, also remembered as a painter, pianist, and composer. ... August 24 is the 236th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (237th in leap years), with 129 days remaining. ... September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). ... September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... Francisco Largo Caballero (October 15, 1869 -March 23, 1946) was a Spanish politician and trade unionist. ... September 5 is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years). ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... July 21 is the 202nd day (203rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 163 days remaining. ... Vicente Rojo Lluch (Enguera, Valencia, 1894 - Madrid, June 15, 1966) was a prominent Republican army officer during the Spanish Civil War. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... September 14 is the 257th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (258th in leap years). ... September 19 is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years). ... September 26 is the 269th day of the year (270th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 96 days remaining. ... September 27 is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 95 days remaining. ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... September 27 is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 95 days remaining. ... September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years). ... The Comintern (from Russian Коммунистический Интернационал (Kommunisticheskiy Internatsional) – Communist International), also known as the Third International, was an independent international Communist organization founded in March 1919 by Vladmir Lenin, Leon Trotsky and the Russian Communist Party (bolshevik), which intended to fight by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of... Blason of the International Brigades Fifteenth International Brigade redirects here. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... José Antonio Aguirre y Lecube (March 6, 1904–March 22, 1960) was a Spanish political figure. ... October 3 is the 276th day of the year (277th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... October 6 is the 279th day of the year (280th in Leap years). ... October 7 is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years). ... Blason of the International Brigades Fifteenth International Brigade redirects here. ... Albacete is a city in southeastern Spain, 173 miles southeast of Madrid, the capital of the province of Albacete in the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. ... October 9 is the 282nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (283rd in Leap years). ... October 12 is the 285th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (286th in leap years). ... Miguel de Unamuno Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo (September 29, 1864–December 31, 1936) was a writer and philosopher from the Basque Country in Spain. ... Dvyost 17:37, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC) Categories: Possible copyright violations ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... This article is about general United States currency. ... October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... Molotov cocktail is the generic name for a variety of crude incendiary weapons. ... October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... November 1 is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 60 days remaining. ... November 2 is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 59 days remaining. ... November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 57 days remaining. ... García Oliver was a leading anarchist figure in Spain. ... Francisco Largo Caballero (October 15, 1869 -March 23, 1946) was a Spanish politician and trade unionist. ... For the terrain type see Moor Moors is used in this article to describe the medieval Muslim inhabitants of al-Andalus and the Maghreb, whose culture is often called Moorish. For other meanings look at Moors (Meaning) or Blackamoors. ... November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. ... Jose Miaja José Miaja Menant (Oviedo, Asturias, 1878 - Mexico, January 14, 1958) was a Spanish Army Officer in the Second Spanish Republic. ... November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ... 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For other people called Jose Rivera, see Jose Rivera José Antonio Primo de Rivera José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Marqués de Estella (April 24, 1903–November 20, 1936) was the son of general Miguel Primo de Rivera, who was dictator of Spain from 1923 until 1930. ... Spanish dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, Marqués de Estella (Jerez, January 8, 1870 - Paris, March 16, 1930) was a Spanish military official who ruled Spain as a dictator from 1923 to 1930, ending the turno system of alternating parties. ... Alicante (Castillian Spanish) or Alacant (Valencian Catalan) is the capital of the province of Alicante and of the comarca of the Alacantí, in the southern part of the Land of Valencia, Spain, a historic Mediterranean port. ... Francisco Largo Caballero (October 15, 1869 -March 23, 1946) was a Spanish politician and trade unionist. ... November 23 is the 327th day of the year (328th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 38 days remaining. ... December 11 is the 345th day (346th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... December 24 is the 358th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (359th in leap years). ... December 30 is the 364th day of the year (365th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 1 day remaining. ... George Orwell on Time Magazine cover from 1983. ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

References

• La Cucaracha, The Spanish Civil War Diary, a detailed chronicle of the events of the war, although definitely from a pro-Republican point of view