Spanish society under Muslim rule became increasingly complex, partly because Islamic conquest did not involve the systematic conversion of the conquered population to Islam.
It was conquered during the War of the Spanish Succession in 1704 and was ceded to Britain in perpetuity in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht.
Morocco claims the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla and the uninhabited VĂŠlez, Alhucemas, Chafarinas, and Perejil islands, all on the Northern coast of Africa.
When the Spanish Royal Academy is requested to exclude from its new editions the derogatory definitions of a Jew, it responds that they merely reflect the way language is used, and that there is no deliberation on their part.
Spanish nationalism strove on the one hand to preserve Catholic Spanishness from foreign habits; on the other hand it claimed that (Sephardic) Jews were part of their nation.
The Spanish far right is currently fragmented and isolated, and has not recovered from the electoral disaster it suffered in 1982 after its failed attempt at a coup d'etat on 23 February 1981.
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