Spanish, Castilian*
Español, Castellano | | Pronunciation: | /espaˈɲol/, /kasteˈʎano/ or /kasteˈʝano/ | | Spoken in: | Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Spain, Uruguay, Venezuela, and a significant numbers of the populations of Andorra, Belize, Gibraltar, and the United States. | | Total speakers: | First languagea: 322[1][2]– c. 400 million[3][4][5]
Totala: 400–500 million[6][7][8]
aAll numbers are approximate. | | Ranking: | 2-4 (native)[9][10][11][12]
Total: 3 | | Language family: | Indo-European
Italic
Romance
Italo-Western
Gallo-Iberian
Ibero-Romance
West Iberian
Spanish, Castilian* | | Writing system: | Latin (Spanish variant) | | Official status | | Official language in: | 21 countries | | Regulated by: | Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española (Real Academia Española and 21 other national Spanish language academies) | | Language codes | | ISO 639-1: | es | | ISO 639-2: | spa | | ISO 639-3: | spa | | Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | Spanish (español (help·
info)) or Castillian (Castellano) is a Romance language that originated in northern Spain, whence it gradually spread in the Kingdom of Castile, and subsequently evolved into the principal language of government and trade. It was taken to Africa, the Americas and Asia Pacific when the Spanish Empire was established between the 15th and 19th centuries. Look up español in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
This is a list of languages, ordered by the number of native-language speakers, with some data for second-language use. ...
A language family is a group of languages related by descent from a common proto-language. ...
For other uses, see Indo-European. ...
Hypothetical distribution of languages in Iron Age Italy during the sixth century BC. The Italic subfamily is a member of the Centum branch of the Indo-European language family. ...
The Romance languages (sometimes referred to as Romanic languages) are a branch of the Indo-European language family that comprises all the languages that descend from Latin, the language of the Roman Empire. ...
Italo-Western redirects here. ...
Gallo-Romance languages Gallo-Italian languages Lombard Piedmontese Emilian-Romagnol Venetian Ligurian Gallo-Rhaetian languages Oïl languages(including French) Burgundian Champenois Franc-Comtois French Gallo Lorrain Norman Anglo-Norman Channel Island Norman Auregnais Dgèrnésiais Jèrriais Sercquiais Picard Poitevin-Saintongeais Walloon Rhaetian languages Friulian Ladin Romansh *Franco...
The formation of Iberian Romance languages followed more or less this process: A common Latin/Romance language with dialectal differences was spoken throughout the ancient Roman Empire. ...
West Iberian language is the subcategory of Romance languages, including Spanish and Portugese. ...
Writing systems of the world today. ...
Abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz redirects here. ...
The Spanish alphabet traditionally consists of the following 29 letters: A, B, C, Ch, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, Ll, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z This includes the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet plus the letter...
The following is a list of the 20 countries where Spanish or Castillian is an official language: List of countries where English is an official language List of countries where French is an official language Categories: | ...
The Association of Spanish Language Academies (Spanish: ) was created in Mexico in 1951 and represents the union of all the separate academies in the Spanish speaking world. ...
The Real Academia Española (Spanish for Royal Spanish Academy, RAE) is the institution responsible for regulating the Spanish language. ...
ISO 639-1 is the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family. ...
ISO 639-2 is the second part of the ISO 639 standard, which lists codes for the representation of the names of languages. ...
ISO 639-3 is an international standard for language codes. ...
The Unicode Standard, Version 5. ...
Image File history File links Español. ...
The Romance languages (sometimes referred to as Romanic languages) are a branch of the Indo-European language family that comprises all the languages that descend from Latin, the language of the Roman Empire. ...
Coat of arms Kingdom of Castile in the 15th century. ...
An anachronous map of the overseas Spanish Empire (1492-1898) in red, and the Spanish Habsburg realms in Europe (1516-1714) in orange. ...
The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spains conquest, settlement, and rule over much of the western hemisphere from 1492-1898. ...
Flag A map of the Spanish East Indies Capital Manila (Cebu until 1595, Bacolor 1762-1763, Iloilo 1898) Language(s) Spanish Religion Roman Catholicism Political structure Colony Monarch - 1565-1598 Philip II - 1896-1898 Alfonso XIII Governor-General - 1565-1572 Miguel López de Legazpi - 1898 Diego de los R...
[edit] Hispanosphere - See also: Spanish Empire
 | | Spanish identified as the sole Official language Spanish identified as a Co-Official language | | The Countries of the Hispanic-influenced World | Today, Spanish is an official language of Spain, most Latin American countries, and Equatorial Guinea; 21 nations speak it as their primary language. Spanish also is one of six official languages of the United Nations. Between 322 and 400 million people natively speak Spanish,[13][7] making it the most spoken Romance language, and the second most-spoken language by native speakers.[14][15] Mexico has the world's largest Spanish-speaking population, and Spanish is the second most-widely spoken language in the United States, [16] and the most popular studied foreign language in U.S. schools and universities.[17][18] It is estimated that the combined total of native and non-native Spanish speakers is approximately 500 million, likely making it the third most spoken language by total number of speakers.[13][7] Global internet usage statistics for 2007 show Spanish as the third most commonly used language on the internet, after English and Chinese.[19] An anachronous map of the overseas Spanish Empire (1492-1898) in red, and the Spanish Habsburg realms in Europe (1516-1714) in orange. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 352 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,427 × 628 pixels, file size: 29 KB, MIME type: image/png) Western Sahara and New Mexico removed, as they dont have Spanish as official language. ...
Countries where Spanish has official status. ...
Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...
UN redirects here. ...
UN redirects here. ...
For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...
Internet usage in percent CIA figures for world internet use c. ...
Spanish has been described as the third most influential language in the world (after English and French).[20] The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
French (français, langue française) is one of the most important Romance languages, outnumbered in speakers only by Spanish and Portuguese. ...
[edit] Naming and origin -
Spaniards tend to call this language español (Spanish) when contrasting it with languages of other states, such as French and English, but call it castellano (Castilian), that is, the language of the Castile region, when contrasting it with other languages spoken in Spain such as Galician (gallego; native name: galego), Basque (euskara), and Catalan (catalán; native name: català). This reasoning also holds true for the language's preferred name in some Hispanic American countries. In this manner, the Spanish Constitution of 1978 uses the term castellano to define the official language of the whole Spanish State, as opposed to las demás lenguas españolas (lit. the other Spanish languages). Article III reads as follows: This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ...
The Languages of Spain are the languages spoken or once spoken in the territory of the country of Spain. ...
Galician (Galician: galego, IPA: ) is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community with the constitutional status of historic nationality, located in northwestern Spain and small bordering zones in neighbouring autonomous communities of Asturias and Castilla y León. ...
Basque (native name: euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. ...
Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
Hispanic America (Hispanoamérica in Spanish) refers to those parts of the Americas inhabited by Spanish-speaking peoples. ...
The Spanish Constitution of 1978 is the culmination of the Spanish transition to democracy. ...
An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ...
| “ | El castellano es la lengua española oficial del Estado. (…) Las demás lenguas españolas serán también oficiales en las respectivas Comunidades Autónomas…
Castilian is the official Spanish language of the State. (…) The other Spanish languages shall also be official in their respective Autonomous Communities… | ” | The name castellano is however widely used for the language as a whole in Latin America. Some Spanish speakers consider castellano a generic term with no political or ideological links, much as "Spanish" is in English. Often Americans use it to differentiate their own variety of Spanish as opposed to the variety of Spanish spoken in Spain, or vice-versa, to refer to that variety of Spanish which is considered as standard in the region.[citation needed]
[edit] Classification and related languages Castilian Spanish has closest affinity to the other West Iberian Romance languages: Asturian (asturianu), Galician (galego), Ladino (dzhudezmo/spanyol/kasteyano), and Portuguese (português), as well as to Aragonese (aragonés) and Catalan (català).[citation needed] West Iberian language is the subcategory of Romance languages, including Spanish and Portugese. ...
Asturian, Leonese, Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian, Llïonés in Leonese) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias, León, Zamora and Salamanca in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as...
Galician (Galician: galego, IPA: ) is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community with the constitutional status of historic nationality, located in northwestern Spain and small bordering zones in neighbouring autonomous communities of Asturias and Castilla y León. ...
Not to be confused with Ladin. ...
Aragonese redirects here. ...
Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
Catalan, an East Iberian language which exhibits many Gallo-Romance traits, is more similar to the neighbouring Occitan language (occitan) than to Spanish, or indeed than Spanish and Portuguese are to each other. This article is about a subdivision of the Romance language family. ...
The Gallo-Romance branch of Romance languages includes French, Oïl languages, Catalan, and Occitan, among other languages. ...
Occitan (IPA AmE: ), known also as Lenga dòc or Langue doc (native name: occitan [1], lenga dòc [2]; native nickname: la lenga nòstra [3] i. ...
Spanish and Portuguese share similar grammars and a majority of vocabulary as well as a common history of Arabic influence while a great part of the peninsula was under Islamic rule (both languages expanded over Islamic territories). Their lexical similarity has been estimated as 89%.[1] See Differences between Spanish and Portuguese for further information. Arabic has had a great influence on other languages, especially in vocabulary. ...
Territory under Muslim control in the Iberian Peninsula in 790, 900, 1100 and 1300 AD // Conquest (710–756) 710 - The Berber General Tariq ibn Ziyad takes Tangier. ...
Template:Islamic Empire infobox The Ottoman Empire (1299 - 29 October 1923) (Ottoman Turkish: Devlet-i Aliye-yi Osmaniyye; literally, The Sublime Ottoman State, modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu), is also known in the West as the Turkish Empire. ...
In linguistics, lexical similarity is a measure of the degree to which the word sets of two given languages are similar. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
[edit] Ladino - Further information: Ladino language
Ladino, which is essentially medieval Castilian and closer to modern Spanish than any other language, is spoken by many descendants of the Sephardi Jews who were expelled from Spain in the 15th century. Ladino speakers are currently almost exclusively Sephardi Jews, with family roots in Turkey, Greece or the Balkans: current speakers mostly live in Israel and Turkey, with a few pockets in Latin America. In many ways it is not a separate language but a parallel dialect of Castilian. It lacks the Native American vocabulary which was influential during the Spanish colonial period, and it retains many archaic features which have since been lost in standard Castilian. It contains, however, other vocabulary which is not found in standard Castilian, including vocabulary from Hebrew, some French, Greek and Turkish, and other languages spoken where the Sephardim settled. Not to be confused with Ladin. ...
Language(s) Hebrew, Ladino, Judæo-Portuguese, Catalanic, Shuadit, local languages Religion(s) Judaism Related ethnic groups Ashkenazi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, other Jewish ethnic divisions, Arabs, Spaniards, Portuguese. ...
‹ The template below (Expand) is being considered for deletion. ...
In the strictest sense, a Sephardi (ספרדי, Standard Hebrew Səfardi, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄ardî; plural Sephardim: ספרדים, Standard Hebrew Səfardim, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄ardîm) is a Jew original to the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal: ספרד, Standard Hebrew Səfárad, Tiberian Hebrew Səp̄áraḏ / Səp̄āraḏ), or whose ancestors were among the Jews expelled from...
Amerindian languages are the native languages of the Americas. ...
An anachronous map of the overseas Spanish Empire (1492-1898) in red, and the Spanish Habsburg realms in Europe (1516-1714) in orange. ...
Hebrew redirects here. ...
Ladino is in serious danger of extinction because many native speakers today are elderly as well as elderly olim (immigrants to Israel) who have not transmitted the language to their children or grandchildren. However, it is experiencing a minor revival among Sephardi communities, especially in music. In the case of the Latin American communities, the danger of extinction is also due to the risk of assimilation by modern Castilian.
A related dialect is Haketia, the Judaeo-Spanish of northern Morocco. This too tended to assimilate to modern Castilian, during the Spanish occupation of the region. Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...
[edit] Vocabulary comparison Spanish and Italian share a very similar phonological system and do not differ very much in grammar. At present, the lexical similarity with Italian is estimated at 82%.[1] As a result, Spanish and Italian are mutually intelligible to various degrees. The lexical similarity with Portuguese is even greater, 89%, but the vagaries of Portuguese pronunciation make it less easily understood by Hispanophones than Italian. Mutual intelligibility between Spanish and French or Romanian is even lower (lexical similarity being respectively 75% and 71%[1]): comprehension of Spanish by French speakers who have not studied the language is as low as an estimated 45% - the same as of English. The common features of the writing systems of the Romance languages allow for a greater amount of interlingual reading comprehension than oral communication would. In linguistics, lexical similarity is a measure of the degree to which the word sets of two given languages are similar. ...
In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a property exhibited by a set of languages when speakers of any one of them can readily understand all the others without intentional study or extraordinary effort. ...
| Latin | Spanish | Galician | Portuguese | Catalan | Italian | French | Romanian | English Meaning and notes | | nos | nosotros | nós/nosoutros | nós¹ | nosaltres | noi² | nous³ | noi | we[-others] | | fratrem germānum (acc.) (lit. "true brother", i.e. not a cousin) | hermano | irmán | irmão | germà | fratello | frère | frate | brother | dies Martis
(Classical) tertia feria
(Ecclesiastical) For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...
Galician (Galician: galego, IPA: ) is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community with the constitutional status of historic nationality, located in northwestern Spain and small bordering zones in neighbouring autonomous communities of Asturias and Castilla y León. ...
Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Classical Latin is the language used by the principal exponents of that language in what is usually regarded as classical Latin literature. ...
The term Ecclesiastical Latin (sometimes called Church Latin) refers to the Latin language as used in documents of the Roman Catholic Church and in its Latin liturgies. ...
| martes | martes | terça-feira | dimarts | martedì | mardi | marți | Tuesday | | cantiō (nem, acc.), canticum | canción | cançon | canção | cançó | canzone | chanson | cântec | song | | magis or plus | más
(archaically also plus) | máis | mais
(archaically also chus) | més
(archaically also pus) | più | plus | mai | more | | manum sinistram (acc.) | mano izquierda also (mano siniestra) | man esquerda | mão esquerda
(archaically also sẽestra) | mà esquerra | mano sinistra | main gauche | mâna stângă | left hand | nihil or nullam rem natam (acc.)
(lit. "no thing born") | nada | nada/ren | nada
(archaically also rem) | res | niente/nulla | rien/nul | nimic | nothing | 1. also nós outros in early modern Portuguese (e.g. The Lusiads)
2. noi altri in Southern Italian dialects and languages
3. nous autres in Quebec French Os LusÃadas (The Lusiads) is considered one of the finest and most important works in Portuguese literature. ...
Map of languages and dialects of Italy Italy currently has one national language: Standard Italian. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
[edit] History -
Spanish evolved from Vulgar Latin, with minor influences from Arabic during the Andalusian period and from Basque and Celtiberian, and some Germanic languages via the Visigoths. Spanish developed along the remote cross road strips among the Alava, Cantabria, Burgos, Soria and La Rioja provinces of Northern Spain, as a strongly innovative and differing variant from its nearest cousin, Leonese speech, with a higher degree of Basque influence in these regions (see Iberian Romance languages). Typical features of Spanish diachronical phonology include lenition (Latin vita, Spanish vida), palatalization (Latin annum, Spanish año, and Latin anellum, Spanish anillo) and diphthongation (stem-changing) of short e and o from Vulgar Latin (Latin terra, Spanish tierra; Latin novus, Spanish nuevo). Similar phenomena can be found in other Romance languages as well. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
A page from the original codex, starting from line 1922 El Cantar del Mio Cid is the oldest preserved Spanish cantar de gesta. ...
Not to be confused with Latin profanity. ...
The Arabic influence on the Spanish language has been significant, due to the Islamic presence in the Iberian peninsula between AD 711 and AD 1492. ...
Al-Andalus is the Arabic name given the Iberian Peninsula by its Muslim conquerors; it refers to both the Caliphate proper and the general period of Muslim rule (711–1492). ...
Basque (native name: euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. ...
Celtiberian (also Hispano-Celtic) is an extinct Celtic language spoken by the Celtiberians in northern Spain before and during the Roman Empire. ...
The Germanic languages are a group of related languages constituting a branch of the Indo-European (IE) language family. ...
A votive crown belonging to Reccesuinth (653–672) The Visigoths (Latin: ) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe, the Ostrogoths being the other. ...
lava (Basque Araba, Spanish lava) is a province of northern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. ...
For the Mesozoic island Cantabria, see Cantabria (Mesozoic island). ...
The cathedral Our Lady of Burgos. ...
Soria is a city in north-central Spain, the capital of the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile-Leon. ...
Capital Logroño Area – Total – % of Spain Ranked 16th 5 045 km² 1,0% Population – Total (2005) – % of Spain – Density Ranked 17th 301 084 0,7% 59,68/km² Demonym – English – Spanish — riojano/a Statute of Autonomy June 9, 1982 Parliament – Congress seats – Senate seats 4 1 President Pedro Sanz...
Asturian, Astur-Leonese or Bable (Asturianu in Asturian) is a Romance language spoken in some parts of the provinces of Asturias and León in Spain, and in the area of Miranda de Douro in Portugal (where it is officially recognized as Mirandese). ...
This article is about a subdivision of the Romance language family. ...
Phonology (Greek phonē = voice/sound and logos = word/speech), is a subfield of linguistics which studies the sound system of a specific language (or languages). ...
Lenition is a kind of consonant mutation that appears in many languages. ...
Palatalization means pronouncing a sound nearer to the hard palate, making it more like a palatal consonant; this is towards the front of the mouth for a velar or uvular consonant, but towards the back of the mouth for a front (e. ...
In phonetics, a diphthong (also gliding vowel) (Greek δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally with two sounds, or with two tones) is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement from one vowel to another, often interpreted by listeners as a single vowel sound or phoneme. ...
This article is in need of attention. ...
During the Reconquista, this northern dialect from Cantabria was carried south, and remains a minority language in the northern coastal Morocco. For other uses, see Reconquista (disambiguation). ...
For the Mesozoic island Cantabria, see Cantabria (Mesozoic island). ...
A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a country. ...
The first Latin-to-Spanish grammar (Gramática de la Lengua Castellana) was written in Salamanca, Spain, in 1492, by Elio Antonio de Nebrija. When it was presented to Isabel de Castilla, she asked, "What do I want a work like this for, if I already know the language?", to which he replied, "Your highness, the language is the instrument of the Empire."[citation needed] Salamanca (population 160,000) is a city in western Spain, the capital of the province of Salamanca, which belongs to the autonomous community (region) of Castile-Leon (Castilla y León). ...
Statue of Antonio de Nebrija, outside of the Biblioteca Nacional de España, in Madrid. ...
Isabella of Castile Isabella I (April 22, 1451 – November 26, 1504) was Queen regnant of Castile and Leon. ...
From the 16th century onwards, the language was taken to the Americas and the Spanish East Indies via Spanish colonization, and in that epoch, Spanish became the principal language of politics and Art in most of Europe[citation needed]; French replaced it in the 18th century. World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas in an equal-area projection The Americas are the lands of the New World, consisting of the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions. ...
Flag A map of the Spanish East Indies Capital Manila (Cebu until 1595, Bacolor 1762-1763, Iloilo 1898) Language(s) Spanish Religion Roman Catholicism Political structure Colony Monarch - 1565-1598 Philip II - 1896-1898 Alfonso XIII Governor-General - 1565-1572 Miguel López de Legazpi - 1898 Diego de los R...
The Spanish colonization of the Americas was Spains conquest, settlement, and rule over much of the western hemisphere from 1492-1898. ...
In the 20th century, Spanish was introduced to Equatorial Guinea and the Western Sahara, the United States, such as in Spanish Harlem, in New York City, that had not been part of the Spanish Empire. For details on borrowed words and other external influences upon Spanish, see Influences on the Spanish language. 125th Street between Park Avenue and Madison Avenue Spanish Harlem, also known as El Barrio, is a neighborhood in the East Harlem area of New York City, in the north-eastern part of the borough of Manhattan. ...
New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...
It has been suggested that History_of_the_Spanish_language#Influences be merged into this article or section. ...
[edit] Characterization A defining characteristic of Spanish was the diphthongization of the Latin short vowels e and o into ie and ue, respectively, when they were stressed. Similar sound changes are found in other Romance languages, but in Spanish they were significant. Some examples: In phonetics, a diphthong (also gliding vowel) (Greek δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally with two sounds, or with two tones) is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement from one vowel to another, often interpreted by listeners as a single vowel sound or phoneme. ...
Sound change or phonetic change is a historical process of language change consisting in the replacement of one speech sound or, more generally, one phonetic feature by another in a given phonological environment. ...
- Lat. petra > Sp. piedra, It. pietra, Fr. pierre, Port./Gal. pedra "stone".
- Lat. moritur > Sp. muere, It. muore, Fr. meurt / muert, Rom. moare, Port./Gal. morre "die".
Peculiar to early Spanish (as in the Gascon dialect of Occitan, and possibly due to a Basque substratum) was the mutation of Latin initial f- into h- whenever it was followed by a vowel that did not diphthongate. Compare for instance: The Gascon language is an Occitan dialect mostly spoken in Gascony (in the French départements of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Hautes-Pyrénées, Landes, Gers, Gironde, a part of Lot-et-Garonne, a part of Haute-Garonne, and a part of Ariège), and in the small Spanish...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
- Lat. filium > It. figlio, Port. filho, Gal. fillo, Fr. fils, Occitan filh (but Gascon hilh) Sp. hijo (but Ladino fijo);
- late Lat. *fabulare > Lad. favlar, Port./Gal. falar, Sp. hablar;
- but Lat. focum > It. fuoco, Port./Gal. fogo, Sp./Lad. fuego.
Some consonant clusters of Latin also produced characteristically different results in these languages, for example: In linguistics, a consonant cluster is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel. ...
- Lat. clamare, acc. flammam, plenum > Lad. lyamar, flama, pleno; Sp. llamar, llama, lleno. However, in Spanish there are also the forms clamar, flama, pleno; Port. chamar, chama, cheio; Gal. chamar, chama, cheo.
- Lat. acc. octo, noctem, multum > Lad. ocho, noche, muncho; Sp. ocho, noche, mucho; Port. oito, noite, muito; Gal. oito, noite, moito.
[edit] Geographic distribution -
 The Hispanophone world; light blue indicates where it is a second language. Note that Morocco and Western Sahara are not actually Hispanophone. Spanish is one of the official languages of the European Union, the Organization of American States, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the United Nations, and the Union of South American Nations. This article is about the international language known as Spanish or Castilian. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...
Spanish (Español) is a language originating in North-Central Spain which is spoken throughout Spain, most countries in the Americas, the Philippines and Equatorial Guinea. ...
This article does not cite its references or sources. ...
The Spanish language has nouns that express concrete objects, groups and classes of objects, qualities, feelings and other abstractions. ...
The Spanish language has a range of pronouns that in some ways work quite differently from English ones. ...
The Spanish language uses adjectives in a similar way to English and most other Indo-European languages. ...
The Spanish language has a relatively large number of prepositions. ...
Spanish verbs are one of the most complex areas of Spanish grammar. ...
Main article: Spanish verbs This is a paradigm of Spanish verbs, that is, a set of conjugation tables, for the model regular verbs and for some of the most common irregular verbs (see the article on Spanish irregular verbs for common patterns of irregularity that may help understanding this paradigm). ...
Spanish verbs are a complex area of Spanish grammar, with many combinations of tenses, aspects and moods (up to fifty conjugated forms per verb). ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 24 KB) Summary Map of Hispanophone world. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1357x628, 24 KB) Summary Map of Hispanophone world. ...
Headquarters Washington, D.C. Official languages English, French, Portuguese, Spanish Membership 35 countries Leaders - Secretary General José Miguel Insulza Chile (since 26 May 2005) Establishment - Charter first signed 30 April 1948 in effect 1 December 1951 Website http://www. ...
The Organization of Ibero-American States is an international organisation, comprising Latin America, Spain and Portugal. ...
UN redirects here. ...
Pro Tempore Secretariat BrasÃlia Official languages 4 Spanish Portuguese English Dutch Member states 12 Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela Leaders - President Rodrigo Borja - Tempore Secretary Jorge Taunay Filho Formation - Cuzco Declaration 8 December 2004 Area - Total 17,715,335 km² (1st2) sq...
[edit] Europe Spanish is an official language of Spain, the country for which it is named and from which it originated. It is also spoken in Gibraltar, though English is the official language.[21] Likewise, it is spoken in Andorra though Catalan is the official language.[22][23] It is also spoken by small communities in other European countries, such as the United Kingdom, France, and Germany.[24] Spanish is an official language of the European Union. In Switzerland, Spanish is the mother tongue of 1.7% of the population, representing the first minority after the 4 official languages of the country.[25] Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
First language (native language, mother tongue, or vernacular) is the language a person learns first. ...
[edit] The Americas
[edit] Latin America Most Spanish speakers are in Latin America; of most countries with the most Spanish speakers, only Spain is outside of America. Mexico has most of the world's native speakers. Nationally, Spanish is the official language of Argentina, Bolivia (co-official Quechua and Aymara), Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico , Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay (co-official Guaraní[26]), Peru (co-official Quechua and, in some regions, Aymara), Uruguay, and Venezuela. Spanish is also the official language (co-official language English) in the U.S. commonwealth of Puerto Rico.[27] Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Quechuan languages. ...
Aymara is an Aymaran language spoken by the Aymara of the Andes. ...
Guaraní (gwah-rah-nee) [gwarani] (local name: avañeẽ) is a language spoken in Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and southwestern Brazil. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Quechuan languages. ...
Aymara is an Aymaran language spoken by the Aymara of the Andes. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
[edit] Non-hispanophone Americas Spanish has no official recognition in the former British colony of Belize, however, per the 2000 census, 52.1 per cent of the population speaks the language "very well."[28][29] Mainly, it is spoken by Hispanic descendants who remained in the region since the 17th century, however, English is the official language.[30] Location of the British Overseas Territories The British Overseas Territories are fourteen[1] territories which the United Kingdom considers to be under its sovereignty, but not as part of the United Kingdom itself. ...
Spain colonized Trinidad and Tobago first, in 1498, leaving the Carib people the Spanish language. Also the Cocoa panyols, laborers from Venezuela took their culture and language with them, they are accredited with the music of "Parang" ("Parranda") on the island. Because of Trinidad's location on the South American coast, the country is much influenced by its Spanish-speaking neighbors. A recent census shows that more than 1,500 inhabitants spoke Spanish.[citation needed] In 2004, the government launched the Spanish as a First Foreign Language (SAFFL) initiative in March 2005.[31] Government regulations require Spanish to be taught, beginning in primary school, while thirty percent of public employees are to be linguistically competent within five years.[citation needed] The government also announced that Spanish will be the country's second, official language by 2020, beside English.[citation needed] 1498 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Carib family (by John Gabriel Stedman) Drawing of a Carib woman Carib, Island Carib or Kalinago people, after whom the Caribbean Sea was named, live in the Lesser Antilles islands. ...
Parang is a musical style which fuses together Venezuelan and Calypso influences to create up beat tempos with a Spanish style and is popular in Trinidad & Tobago and various areas of Venezuela. ...
The Parranda Parranda La Flor de San JoaquÃn It is distinguished as parranda or aguinaldo of parranda a musical form pertaining to the coast zone of the states Aragua and Carabobo, in Venezuela, where the tambora (drum) becomes present as accompanying instrument and melody shows an important afrovenezuelan influence. ...
2020 (MMXX) will be a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Spanish is important in Brazil because of its proximity to and increased trade with its Spanish-speaking neighbours, for example, as a member of the Mercosur trading bloc.[32] In 2005, the National Congress of Brazil approved a bill, signed to law by the President, making Spanish available as a foreign language in secondary schools.[33] In many border towns and villages (especially on the Uruguayan-Brazilian border) a mixed language, known as Portuñol, is spoken.[34] Motto (Spanish) (Portuguese) (GuaranÃ) Our North is the South • • Pro Tempore Secretariat Montevideo, Uruguay Largest city São Paulo, Brazil Official languages 3 Portuguese Spanish Guaranà Membership 5 Argentina Brazil Paraguay Uruguay Venezuela Leaders - Carlos Ãlvarez Establishment - Declaration of Foz do Iguaçu 30 December 1985 - Treaty of Asunción...
Brazils bicameral National Congress (Portuguese: Congresso Nacional) consists of the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies. ...
Brazilian Presidential Standard The President of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. ...
A mixed language is a language that arises when speakers of different languages are in contact and show a high degree of bilingualism. ...
The Riverense Portuñol or Riverense Portunhol, also known as Fronterizo or Fronteiriço is a mixed language (linguasphere language code 51-AAA-am [1]) formed from Portuguese and Spanish. ...
In Haiti, French is one of two official languages, but is spoken by only about 10 per cent of the population[citation needed]. All Haitians speak Creole, the country's other official language. The latter, is a creole based on the French and African languages, with some English, Taíno, Portuguese, and Spanish influences. Spanish, though unofficial, is spoken by a growing portion of the population[citation needed]. It is spoken near the border with the Dominican Republic, however, Spanish is being spoken in westward areas, as Venezuelan, Cuban, and Dominican trade influence Haitian society, and Haiti becomes involved in Latin American affairs.[citation needed] Haitian Creole (kreyòl ayisyen) is a creole language It is spoken in Haiti by about 8. ...
Look up Creole, creole in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
For other uses, see Taino (disambiguation). ...
In Jamaica, English is the official language, however Spanish is recognized along the western coast, where the country's neighbors reside, who are the Cubans, Costa Ricans, Panamanians and other people from Central America and Spain.[citation needed] The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...
Panama (Spanish: Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. ...
For other uses, see Central America (disambiguation). ...
[edit] United States In the 2006 census, 44.3 million people of the U.S. population were of Hispanic heritage; 34 million people, 12.2 percent, of the population older than 5 years speak Spanish at home.[35]Spanish has a long history in the United States (many south-western states were part of Mexico and Spain) and it recently has been revitalized by much immigration from Latin America. Spanish is the most widely taught foreign language in the country. [36] Although the U.S. has no formally designated "official languages", Spanish is formally recognized at the state level, beside English; in the U.S. state of New Mexico 30 per cent of the population speak it. It also has strong influence in metropolitan areas, such as Chicago and New York City. Spanish is the dominant spoken language in Puerto Rico. In total, the U.S. has the world's fifth-largest Spanish-speaking population.[37] Hispanic (Spanish: ; |
