NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Speeds of sound of the elements (data page)

	longitudinal, m/s	transversal, m/s	extensional, m/s	notes
3 Li lithium
use			6000	20 °C
WEL			6000
4 Be beryllium
use	12890	8880	12870	room temperature
CRC	12890	8880	12870
WEL			13000
5 B boron
use			16200	20 °C
WEL			16200
6 C carbon
use
WEL			18350
11 Na sodium
use			3200	20 °C
WEL			3200
12 Mg magnesium
use	5770	3050	4940	room temperature, annealed
CRC	5770	3050	4940	annealed
WEL			4602
13 Al aluminium
use	6420	3040	5000	room temperature, rolled
CRC	6420	3040	5000	rolled
WEL			5100
14 Si silicon
use			2200	20 °C
WEL			2200
19 K potassium
use			2000	20 °C
WEL			2000
20 Ca calcium
use			3810	20 °C
WEL			3810
22 Ti titanium
use	6070	3125	5090	room temperature
CRC	6070	3125	5090
WEL			4140
23 V vanadium
use			4560	20 °C
WEL			4560
24 Cr chromium
use			5940	20 °C
WEL			5940
25 Mn manganese
use			5150	20 °C
WEL			5150
26 Fe iron
use	5950	3240	5120	room temperature, electrolytic
CRC	4994	2809	4480	cast
CRC	5950	3240	5120	electrolytic
CRC	5960	3240	5200	Armco
WEL			4910
27 Co cobalt
use			4720	20 °C
WEL			4720
28 Ni nickel
use	6040	3000	4900	room temperature
CRC	6040	3000	4900
WEL			4970
29 Cu copper
use	4760	2325	3810	room temperature, annealed
CRC	4760	2325	3810	annealed
CRC	5010	2270	3750	rolled
WEL			3570
30 Zn zinc
use	4210	2440	3850	room temperature, rolled
CRC	4210	2440	3850	rolled
WEL			3700
31 Ga gallium
use			2740	20 °C
WEL			2740
32 Ge germanium
use			5400	20 °C
WEL			5400
34 Se selenium
use			3350	20 °C
WEL			3350
37 Rb rubidium
use			1300	20 °C
WEL			1300
39 Y yttrium
use			3300	20 °C
WEL			3300
40 Zr zirconium
use			3800	20 °C
WEL			3800
41 Nb niobium
use			3480	20 °C
WEL			3480
42 Mo molybdenum
use	6250	3350	5400	room temperature
CRC	6250	3350	5400
WEL			6190
44 Ru ruthenium
use			5970	20 °C
WEL			5970
45 Rh rhodium
use			4700	20 °C
WEL			4700
46 Pd palladium
use			3070	20 °C
WEL			3070
47 Ag silver
use	3650	1610	2680	room temperature
CRC	3650	1610	2680
WEL			2600
48 Cd cadmium
use			2310	20 °C
WEL			2310
49 In indium
use			1215	20 °C
WEL			1215
50 Sn tin
use	3320	1670	2730	room temperature, rolled
CRC	3320	1670	2730	rolled
WEL			2500
51 Sb antimony
use			3420	20 °C
WEL			3420
52 Te tellurium
use			2610	20 °C
WEL			2610
56 Ba barium
use			1620	20 °C
WEL			1620
57 La lanthanum
use			2475	20 °C
WEL			2475
58 Ce cerium
use			2100	20 °C
WEL			2100
59 Pr praseodymium
use			2280	20 °C
WEL			2280
60 Nd neodymium
use			2330	20 °C
WEL			2330
62 Sm samarium
use			2130	20 °C
WEL			2130
64 Gd gadolinium
use			2680	20 °C
WEL			2680
65 Tb terbium
use			2620	20 °C
WEL			2620
66 Dy dysprosium
use			2710	20 °C
WEL			2710
67 Ho holmium
use			2760	20 °C
WEL			2760
68 Er erbium
use			2830	20 °C
WEL			2830
70 Yb ytterbium
use			1590	20 °C
WEL			1590
72 Hf hafnium
use			3010	20 °C
WEL			3010
73 Ta tantalum
use			3400	20 °C
WEL			3400
74 W tungsten
use	5220	2890	4620	room temperature, annealed
CRC	5220	2890	4620	annealed
CRC	5410	2640	4320	drawn
WEL			5174
75 Re rhenium
use			4700	20 °C
WEL			4700
76 Os osmium
use			4940	20 °C
WEL			4940
77 Ir iridium
use			4825	20 °C
WEL			4825
78 Pt platinum
use	3260	1730	2800	room temperature
CRC	3260	1730	2800
WEL			2680
79 Au gold
use	3240	1200	2030	room temperature, hard-drawn
CRC	3240	1200	2030	hard-drawn
WEL			1740
81 Tl thallium
use			818	20 °C
WEL			818
82 Pb lead
use	2160	700	1190	room temperature, annealed
CRC	2160	700	1190	annealed
CRC	1960	690	1210	rolled
WEL			1260
83 Bi bismuth
use			1790	20 °C
WEL			1790
90 Th thorium
use			2490	20 °C
WEL			2490
92 U uranium
use			3155	20 °C
WEL			3155
94 Pu plutonium
use			2260	20 °C
WEL			2260

id="Speed_of_sound.2C_fluid_phases"> General Name, Symbol, Number Lithium, Li, 3 Series Alkali metal Group, Period, Block 1(IA), 2, s Density, Hardness 535 kg/m3, 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Beryllium, Be, 4 Series Alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2 (IIA), 2, s Density, Hardness 1848 kg/m3, 5. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Boron, B, 5 Series Metalloids Group, Period, Block 13 (IIIA), 2, p Density, Hardness 2460 kg/m3, 9. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Carbon, C, 6 Chemical series Nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14 (IVA), 2, p Density, Hardness 2267 kg/m3 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number sodium, Na, 11 Series alkali metal Group, Period, Block 1 (IA), 3, s Density, Hardness 968 kg/m3, 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number magnesium, Mg, 12 Series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2 (IIA), 3, s Density, Hardness 1738 kg/m³, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number aluminium, Al, 13 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13 (IIIA), 3, p Density, Hardness 2700 kg/m3, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number silicon, Si, 14 Series metalloid Group, Period, Block 14 (IVA), 3, p Density, Hardness 2330 kg/m3, 6. ... General Name, Symbol, Number potassium, K, 19 Series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1(IA), 4, s Density, Hardness 856 kg/m3, 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number calcium, Ca, 20 Series alkaline earth metal Group, Period, Block 2 (IIA), 4, s Density, Hardness 1550 kg/m3, 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Titanium, Ti, 22 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 4, d Density, Hardness 4507 kg/m3, 6 Appearance Silvery metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 47. ... General Name, Symbol, Number vanadium, V, 23 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 5 , 4, d Density, Hardness 6110 kg/m3, 7. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6 (VIB), 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 51. ... General Name, Symbol, Number manganese, Mn, 25 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 7 , 4, d Density, Hardness 7470 kg/m3, 6. ... General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metal Group, Period, Block 8 (VIIIB), 4, d Density, Hardness 7874 kg/m3, 4. ... General Name, Symbol, Number cobalt, Co, 27 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 9 , 4, d Density, Hardness 8. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10 , 4, d Density, Hardness 8908 kg/m³, 4. ... General Name, Symbol, Number copper, Cu, 29 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11 , 4, d Density, Hardness 8920 kg/m3, 3. ... General Name, Symbol, Number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 4, d Density, Hardness 7140 kg/m3, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gallium, Ga, 31 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 13 (IIIA), 4, p Density, Hardness 5904 kg/m3, 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number germanium, Ge, 32 Series metalloids Group, Period, Block 14 (IVA), 4, p Density, Hardness 5323 kg/m3, 6 Appearance greyish white Atomic properties Atomic weight 72. ... General Name, Symbol, Number selenium, Se, 34 Series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16 (VIA), 4, p Density, Hardness 4790 kg/m3(300K), 2 Appearance grey, metallic lustre Atomic properties Atomic weight 78. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Rubidium, Rb, 37 Series Alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1(IA), 5, s Density, Hardness 1532 kg/m3, 0. ... Full table General Name, Symbol, Number Yttrium, Y, 39 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 3 (IIIB), 5, d Density, Hardness 4472 kg/m3, __ Appearance Silvery white Atomic Properties Atomic weight 88. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Zirconium, Zr, 40 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 5, d Density, Hardness 6511 kg/m3, 5 Appearance Silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 91. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Niobium, Nb, 41 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 5, 5, d Density, Hardness 8570 kg/m3, 6 Appearance grey metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 92. ... General Name, Symbol, Number molybdenum, Mo, 42 Chemical series transition metal Group, Period, Block 6 (VIB), 5, d Density, Hardness 10280 kg/m3, 5. ... General Name, Symbol, Number ruthenium, Ru, 44 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 8, 5, d Density, Hardness 12370 kg/m3, 6. ... General Name, Symbol, Number rhodium, Rh, 45 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 9, 5 , d Density, Hardness 12450 kg/m3, 6 Appearance Silvery white metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 102. ... This article describes the chemical element palladium. ... General Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 5, d Density, Hardness 10490 kg/m3, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Cadmium, Cd, 48 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 5, d Density, Hardness 8650 kg/m3, 2 Appearance Silvery gray metallic Atomic properties Atomic weight 112. ... General Name, Symbol, Number indium, In, 49 Chemical series Poor metals Group, Period, Block 13 (IIIA), 5, p Density, Hardness 7310 kg/m3, 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number tin, Sn, 50 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 14 (IVA), 5, p Density, Hardness 7310 kg/m3, 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number antimony, Sb, 51 Series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15 (VA), 5, p Density, Hardness 6697 kg/m3, 3 Appearance silvery lustrous grey Atomic properties Atomic weight 121. ... General Name, Symbol, Number tellurium, Te, 52 Series metalloids Group, Period, Block 16 (VIA), 5, p Density, Hardness 6240 kg/m3, 2. ... Barium is also the Latin name for the city Bari in Italy. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Lanthanum, La, 57 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block 3 , 6, f Density, Hardness 6146 kg/m3, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Cerium, Ce, 58 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block _ , 6, d Density, Hardness 6689 kg/m3, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Praseodymium, Pr, 59 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block _ , 6 , f Density, Hardness 6640 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white, yellowish tinge Atomic properties Atomic weight 140. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Neodymium, Nd, 60 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block _ , 6, f Density, Hardness 6800 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white, yellowish tinge Atomic properties Atomic weight 144. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Samarium, Sm, 62 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block _ , 6 , f Density, Hardness 7353 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 150. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Gadolinium, Gd, 64 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block _ , 6, f Density, Hardness 7901 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 157. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Terbium, Tb, 65 Chemical series Lanthanides Period, Block 6, f Density, Hardness 8219 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 158. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Dysprosium, Dy, 66 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block _ , 6 , f Density, Hardness 8551 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 162. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Holmium, Ho, 67 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block NA, 6 , f Density, Hardness 8800kg/m3, ND Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 164. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Erbium, Er, 68 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block NA, 6, f Density, Hardness 9066 kg/m3, ND Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 167. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Ytterbium, Yb, 70 Chemical series Lanthanides Group, Period, Block NA, 6, f Density, Hardness 6570 kg/m3, ND Appearance silvery white Atomic properties Atomic weight 173. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Hafnium, Hf, 72 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 4 (IVB), 6, d Density, Hardness 13310 kg/m3, 5. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Tantalum, Ta, 73 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 5 (VB), 6, d Density, Hardness 16650 kg/m3, 6. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Tungsten, W, 74 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 6 (VIB), 6, d Density, Hardness 19250 kg/m3, 7. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Rhenium, Re, 75 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 7 (VIIB), 6, d Density, Hardness 21020 kg/m3, 7 Appearance grayish white Atomic properties Atomic weight 186. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Osmium, Os, 76 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 8 (VIIIB), 6, d Density, Hardness 22610 kg/m3, 7 Appearance Silvery, Blue Cast Atomic properties Atomic weight 190. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Iridium, Ir, 77 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 9, 6, d Density, Hardness 22650 kg/m3, 6. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Platinum, Pt, 78 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10 , 6, d Density, Hardness 21. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11 (IB), 6, d Density, Hardness 19300 kg/m3, 2. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Thallium, Tl, 81 Chemical series Poor metals Group, Period, Block 13 (IIIA), 6, p Density, Hardness 11. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Lead, Pb, 82 Chemical series Poor metals Group, Period, Block 14(IVA), 6 , p Density, Hardness 11340 kg/m3, 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Bismuth, Bi, 83 Chemical series Poor metals Group, Period, Block 15 (VA), 6, p Density, Hardness 9. ... General Name, Symbol, Number thorium, Th, 90 Chemical series Transition metals Period, Block 7 , f Density, Hardness 11724 kg/m3, 3. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Uranium, U, 92 Chemical series Actinides Period, Block 7, f Density, Hardness 19050 kg/m3, 6 Appearance silvery-white metal Atomic properties Atomic weight 238. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Plutonium, Pu, 94 Chemical series Actinides Period, Block 7, f Density, Hardness 19816 kg/m3, no data Appearance silvery white metal Atomic properties Atomic weight 244. ...

Speed of sound, fluid phases

	m/s	notes
1 H hydrogen (gas)
use	1310	27 °C
CRC	1310	27 °C
WEL	1270
CRC	890	deuterium, 0 °C
1 H hydrogen (liquid)
use	1101	-252.9 °C
CRC	1101	-252.9 °C
2 He helium (gas)
use	965	0 °C
CRC	965	0 °C
WEL	970
2 He helium (liquid)
use	180	-268.9 °C
CRC	180	-268.9 °C
7 N nitrogen (gas)
use	353	27 °C
CRC	353	27 °C
WEL	333.6
7 N nitrogen (liquid)
use	939	-195.8 °C
CRC	939	-195.8 °C
8 O oxygen (gas)
use	330	27 °C
CRC	330	27 °C
WEL	317.5
8 O oxygen (liquid)
use	906	-183.0 °C
CRC	906	-183.0 °C
10 Ne neon (gas)
use	435	0 °C
CRC	435	0 °C
WEL	936 (presumably wrong)
17 Cl chlorine (gas)
use	206	0 °C
CRC	206	0 °C
WEL	206
18 Ar argon (gas)
use	323	27 °C
CRC	323	27 °C
WEL	319
18 Ar argon (liquid)
use	813	-185.9 °C
CRC	813	-185.9 °C
36 Kr krypton (gas)
use	220	23 °C
talk	220 ± 1, experimental value	23 °C, 101.3 kPa
36 Kr krypton (liquid)
use	1120
WEL	1120
54 Xe xenon (liquid)
use	1090
WEL	1090
80 Hg mercury (liquid)
use	1451.4	20 °C
CR2	1460.8	0 °C
CR2	1451.4	20 °C
CRC	1450	25 °C
WEL	1407

General Name, Symbol, Number Hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1 (IA), 1, s Density, Hardness 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1 (IA), 1, s Density, Hardness 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Helium, He, 2 Atomic mass 4. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Helium, He, 2 Atomic mass 4. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15 (VA), 2, p Density 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15 (VA), 2, p Density 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16 (VIA), 2, p Density, Hardness 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 16 (VIA), 2, p Density, Hardness 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Neon, Ne, 10 Chemical series Noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 2, p Density, Hardness 0. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Series halogens Group, Period, Block 17 (VIIA), 3, p Density, Hardness 3. ... General Name, Symbol, Number argon, Ar, 18 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 3, p Density, Hardness 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number argon, Ar, 18 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 3, p Density, Hardness 1. ... General Name, Symbol, Number krypton, Kr, 36 Chemical series Noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 4 , p Density, Hardness 3. ... General Name, Symbol, Number krypton, Kr, 36 Chemical series Noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 4 , p Density, Hardness 3. ... General Name, Symbol, Number xenon, Xe, 54 Chemical series Noble gases Group, Period, Block 18 (VIIIA), 5, p Density, Hardness 5. ... General Name, Symbol, Number Mercury, Hg, 80 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12 (IIB), 6, d Density, Hardness liquid 13. ...

Notes

Ref. CRC: Values are "at room temperature" unless noted, and "for normal atmospheric pressure" ("at 1 atm" for gases).
Ref. WEL: Values refer to 293 K "where possible". Mid point values are substituted if ranges were given in their original reference. Not specified further, it is assumed from the values that all (except fluids) are for the speed of sound in a thin rod.

References

WEL

As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from this source:

G.V. Samsonov (Ed.) in Handbook of the physicochemical properties of the elements, IFI-Plenum, New York, USA, 1968.

CRC

As quoted from various sources in an online version of:

David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 14, Geophysics, Astronomy, and Acoustics; Speed of Sound in Various Media

CR2

As quoted from this source in an online version of: David R. Lide (ed), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 84th Edition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, 2003; Section 6, Fluid Properties; Thermal Properties of Mercury

Vukalovich, M. P., et al., Thermophysical Properties of Mercury, Moscow Standard Press, 1971.

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