Sphagnum is a genus of mosses commonly called peat moss due to its prevalence in peat bogs. Members of this genus can hold large quantities of water inside their cells; some species can hold up to 20 times their dry weight in water, which is why peat moss is commonly sold as a soil amendment. Peat moss can acidify its surroundings. See genus (mathematics) for the use of the term in mathematics. ... Subclasses Andreaeidae Sphagnidae Tetraphidae Polytrichidae Buxbaumiidae Bryidae Archidiidae Moss is a type of simple or non-vascular plant, of the class Musci, in the division Bryophyta, that have rhizoids instead of true roots. ... Peat in Lewis, Scotland Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetable matter. ... Virgin boreal acid bogs at Browns Lake Bog, Ohio A bog is a wetland type that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant material. ... For the heavy metal band see Soil (band) Soil is the layer of minerals and organic matter, in thickness from centimetres to a metre or more, on the land surface. ... An acid (often represented by the generic formula AH) is typically a water-soluble, sour-tasting chemical compound. ...

Individual peat moss plants consist of a main stem with tightly arranged clusters of branch fascicles usually consisting of 2-3 spreading branches and 2-4 hanging branches. The branches are covered by ovate to lanceolate leaves called branch leaves. The top of the plant, or capitulum, has compact clusters of young branches. Along the stem are scattered leaves of various shape named stem leaves. The shape varies according to species. The leaves consist of two kinds of cell; small green living cells (chlorophyllose cells) and large, clear structural dead cells (hyaline cells). The latter have a large water holding capacity. In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized for photosynthesis. ...

Spores are released from specialized black, shiny capsules located at the tips of thin stalks. Sphagnum species also reproduce by fragmentation. The term spore has several different meanings in biology. ...

Peat moss can be distinguished from other moss species by its unique branch clusters. The plant and stem color, the shape of the branch and stem leaves, and the shape of the green cells are all characteristics used to identify peat moss to species.

Geographic distribution

Peat mosses occur mainly in the Northern Hemisphere where different species dominate the bottom layer of peat bogs and moist tundra areas. The northernmost populations of peat moss lie in the archipelago of Svalbard, arctic Norway at 81° N. New Zealand, Tasmania and southernmost Chile and Peru house the largest peat moss areas in the Southern Hemisphere, but containing comparatively few species. Many species are reported from mountainous, subtropical Brazil, but uncertainty exists regarding the specific status of many of them. The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planets surface (or celestial sphere) that is north of the equator. ... In physical geography, tundra is an area where tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. ... Motto: Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Nickname: The Apple Isle Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Governor Premier Const. ... The Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earths surface that is south of the equator. ...

Uses

Sphagnum moss is used as a soil amendment, packing material, absorbent, and fuel. Historically it has been used as bandage material because of its acidic, antibacterial quality and as a replacement for diapers. For the heavy metal band see Soil (band) Soil is the layer of minerals and organic matter, in thickness from centimetres to a metre or more, on the land surface. ... For the workstation, see SGI Fuel. ... Theres also a song called Bandages by the American alternative rock group Hot Hot Heat which appears on the 2002 album Make Up the Breakdown. ... An antiseptic is a substance that kills or prevents the growth of bacteria on the external surfaces of the body. ... Baby diapers are often imprinted with child-friendly designs. ...