Spitz-type breeds of dog (the correct German plural is Spitze, though Spitzen is commonly used in the United States) are characterized by long, thick, and often white fur, and pointed ears and muzzles. The tail is usually curled over the dog's back. This Chihuahua mix and Great Dane show the wide range of dog breed sizes. ... Trinomial name Canis lupus familiaris The dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic subspecies of the wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. ... White is the combination of all the colors of the visible light spectrum. ... A dogs fur usually consists of longer, stiffer, guard hairs—which can be straight, wiry, or wavy, and of various lengths, hiding a soft, short-haired undercoat. ... The ear is the sense organ that detects sounds. ... A muzzle is a device, usually made of leather, that is cyllindrical in shape. ... A scorpion tail The tail is the section at the rear end of an animals body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso. ...

Origins

The exact origins of Spitz-type dogs are not known, though most of the Spitz-types seen today originate from the Arctic regions. The red line indicates the 10°C isotherm in July, commonly used to define the Arctic region border Satellite image of the Arctic surface The Arctic is the region around the Earths North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. ...

There is no archaeological evidence showing transition stages between the wolf and the often-similar Spitz-type dogs. Skeletal remains up to 5,000 years old suggest it is far more likely that the ancestors of Spitz types mated with wolves. Archaeology, archeology, or archæology (from Greek: αρχαίος, archaios, combining form in Latin archae-, ancient; and λόγος, logos, knowledge) is the study of human cultures through the recovery, documentation and analysis of material remains and environmental data, including architecture, artifacts, biofacts, human remains, and landscapes. ... Wolf Wolf Man Mount Wolf Wolf Prizes Wolf Spider Wolf 424 Wolf 359 Wolf Point Wolf-herring Frank Wolf Friedrich Wolf Friedrich August Wolf Hugo Wolf Johannes Wolf Julius Wolf Max Franz Joseph Cornelius Wolf Maximilian Wolf Rudolf Wolf Thomas Wolf As Name Wolf Breidenbach Wolf Hirshorn Other The call... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A year (from Old English gēr) is the time between two recurrences of an event related to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun. ... An ancestor is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an ancestor (i. ... Sevenspotted Lady Beetles mating In biology, mating is the pairing of opposite-sex or hermaphroditic internal fertilization animals for copulation and, in social animals, also to raise their offspring. ...

Though it is not completely certain that there has been wolf blood in the Spitz-type dogs for that long, it is certain that humans have intentionally mated Spitz types with wolves in more recent times to achieve the wolf-like appearance of breeds such as the Alaskan Malamute. Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

Migrations

About three thousand years ago, dogs began to migrate from the Arctic into temperate Europe, North America, Asia, and to a lesser extent, Africa. Migration occurs when living things move from one biome to another. ... In geography, temperate latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Skeletal remains around 2,000 years old unearthed in Switzerland indicate that Spitz-type dogs have inhabited Central Europe for millennia. These dogs are almost certainly the ancestors of the European Spitz-types, such as the Keeshond and Schipperke. Central Europe The Alpine Countries and the Visegrád Group (Political map, 2004) Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. ... A millennium (pl. ... Common nickname Kees Country of origin The Netherlands Classification and breed standards The Keeshond (pronounced KAYZ-HOND; plural: Keeshonden) is a medium-sized dog with a plush two-layer coat of silver and black fur with a ruff and a curled tail, originating in the Netherlands. ... A Schipperke (pronounced skipper-key) is a small Belgian breed of dog that originated in the early 16th century. ...

Many Spitz-types also migrated into Korea and China. Over the centuries, many of these dogs were transported by humans to Japan, most likely from Korea. These Asian Spitz types are the ancestors of today's breeds such as the Chow Chow and the Akita Inu. Korea (Korean: 한국 in South Korea or 조선 in North Korea, see below) is a geographic area, civilization, and former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. ... Chow-chow is a combination of different vegetables: cabbage, carrots, beans, asparagus, cauliflower, and peas which are pickled in a jar and served cold. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

Working dogs

Through selective breeding, Spitz types have evolved to fit three purposes helping humans: hunting, herding, and pulling sleds. Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of developing a cultivated breed over time. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ... A hunting dog refers to any dog who assists humans in hunting, or whose breed was originally developed to do so. ... A Koolie working with sheep. ... Sled dogs, known also as sleigh dogs, sledge dogs or sleddogs are a group of dogs that are used to pull a wheel-less vehicle on runners (a sled or sleigh) over snow or ice, by means of harnesses and lines. ...

The larger and more powerful breeds such as the Karelian Bear Dog and the Norwegian Elkhound were used for big game hunting, helping humans kill moose and elk. The Karelian Bear Dog is a Finnish or Karelian breed of dog,where it is regarded as a national treasure. ... The Norwegian Elkhound is a Spitz-type breed of dog, specifically a member of the scent hound family. ... Game is any animal hunted for food or not normally domesticated (such as venison). ... “Hunter” redirects here. ... Binomial name (Linnaeus, 1758) Moose range map The moose (so named in North America, derived from Eastern Abenaki moz)[1] or elk (in Anglophone Europe), Alces alces, is the largest extant member of the deer family Cervidae, distinguished from the others by the palmate antlers of its males. ... Binomial name Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest species of deer in the world. ...

Smaller breeds such as the Finnish Spitz and the Lundehund were used in Scandinavia to hunt birds and smaller mammals. A Finnish Spitz is a breed of dog originating in Finland. ... Country of origin Norway Classification Breed standards (external links) FCI (Word format), KC(UK), UKC Notes The AKC foundation stock service (FSS) is a registration service for breeds not yet recognised by the AKC. The Norwegian Lundehund (Norwegian: Norsk Lundehund) is a small dog breed orginating from Norway. ... Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region centered on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe and includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. ... “Aves” redirects here. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the production of milk in female mammary glands and by the presence of: hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex region in...

The largest of all the Spitz types, notably the Canadian Eskimo Dog and the Greenland Dog, were used to pull sleds up until the 19th century. During that century, when fur trapping became a lucrative business, people began to realize that size did not necessarily relate with endurance, and the smaller Siberian Husky came to be used more frequently in Canada and Alaska. The Finnish Lapphund was used by the Sami people. The Canadian Eskimo Dog, otherwise known as the Qimmiq, is a larger breed of Arctic dog commonly found pulling sleds fortheir Inuit counterparts. ... The Greenland Dog is a large breed of dog bred as a sled dog. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... You may be looking for one of the following: Dimensions: length, width, height Clothing measurements such as shoe size or dress size Geometry Measurement Gelatinous or glutinous substance made from glue, wax, clay or similar Or the following command-line Unix tool: Size (Unix) This is a disambiguation page: a... Look up Endurance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Official language(s) English[1] Spoken language(s) English 85. ... Finnish Lapphund The Finnish Lapphund is a medium-size breed of dog and a member of the Spitz family. ... The Sami people (also Sámi, Saami, Lapps, sometimes also Laplanders) are the indigenous people of Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. ...

Adaptation to the Arctic

Spitz types are well suited to living in harsh northern climates. They often have an insulating, waterproof undercoat that is denser than the topcoat to trap warmth. Thermal insulation on the Huygens probe The term thermal insulation can refer to materials used to reduce the rate of heat transfer, or the methods and processes used to reduce heat transfer. ... Undercoat can refer to: The down hairs in a mammals fur A layer of paint beneath the main painted surface This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Small ears help reduce the risk of frostbite and thick fur grows on the paws to protect the dogs from sharp ice. Frostbite (congelatio in medical terminology) is the medical condition whereby damage is caused to skin and other tissues due to extreme cold. ... A dogs paw resting on a hard concrete surface. ... Snowflakes by Wilson Bentley, 1902 Ice is the name given to any one of the 14 known solid phases of water. ...

However, many Spitz-type breeds retain wolf-like characteristics such as excessive independence, suspiciousness, and aggression towards unfamiliar humans or other animals, and can therefore require much training before they become manageable. Some, such as the Karelian Bear Dog, are almost impossible to train as companion dogs. Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relates to specific useful skills. ... The Karelian Bear Dog is a Finnish or Karelian breed of dog,where it is regarded as a national treasure. ... Companion dog usually describes a dog that does not work, providing only companionship as a pet, rather than usefulness by doing specific tasks. ...

Companions and toys

The charming look of the Spitz-type, with its thick fur, fluffy ruff, curled tail and small muzzle and ears, have caused several people to create non-working types designed to be companions or lap dogs. This trend is most evident in the tiny Pomeranian, which was originally a much larger dog closer to the size of a Keeshond before being bred down to make an acceptable court animal. The Keeshond, the Wolfspitz variation of the German Spitz, widely known as the national dog of Netherland, is an affectionate and loyal, albeit very energetic, pet. Companion dog usually describes a dog that does not work, providing only companionship as a pet, rather than usefulness by doing specific tasks. ... A lap dog gets its name from its size; it is small enough to be held in the arms or lie comfortably on a persons lap. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Common nickname Kees Country of origin The Netherlands Classification and breed standards The Keeshond (pronounced KAYZ-HOND; plural: Keeshonden) is a medium-sized dog with a plush two-layer coat of silver and black fur with a ruff and a curled tail, originating in the Netherlands. ... Common nickname Kees Country of origin The Netherlands Classification and breed standards The Keeshond (pronounced KAYZ-HOND; plural: Keeshonden) is a medium-sized dog with a plush two-layer coat of silver and black fur with a ruff and a curled tail, originating in the Netherlands. ... The German Spitz is a dog breed or group of dog breeds of the Spitz type. ...

Other Spitz types which have been bred away from working uses are the American Eskimo Dog, the Alaskan Klee Kai, the German Spitz, the Pomeranian, and even the Papillon. This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Alaskan Klee Kai is a northern breed of dog in the spitz family. ... The German Spitz is a dog breed or group of dog breeds of the Spitz type. ... Country of origin Poland and Germany Common nicknames Classification and breed standards The Pomeranian is a breed of dog in the spitz family, named for the Pomerania region of Poland and East Germany, and classed as a toy dog breed because of its small size. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

List of Spitz-type dog breeds

This list might not be complete and is, at best, an educated guess from experts and dog fanciers based on the physical characteristics of the breeds. Some, such as the Papillon, exhibit the tail, coat, and head of a Spitz dog, but its ears more closely resemble spaniels although being upright like the Spitz. In the future, genetic studies might better clarify the relationship among various breeds. Note that dogs listed here might also be classified as toy dogs, herding dogs, sled dogs, and in other types. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Most spaniels, like this English Cocker Spaniel, are small-to-medium dogs with drop ears and a longer coat. ... The Bichon Frisé is an example of a toy dog[1] that requires considerable grooming. ... A Koolie working with sheep. ... Sled dogs, known also as sleigh dogs, sledge dogs or sleddogs are a group of dogs that are used to pull a wheel-less vehicle on runners (a sled or sleigh) over snow or ice, by means of harnesses and lines. ...

Akita Inu
Alaskan Husky
Alaskan Klee Kai
Alaskan Malamute
American Eskimo Dog
Canadian Eskimo Dog
Chinese Foo Dog
Chinook
Chow Chow
East Siberian Laika
Eurasier
Finnish Lapphund
Finnish Spitz
German Spitz
Greenland Dog
Guejae Gae
Hokkaidō
Icelandic Sheepdog
Jamthund
Japanese Spitz
Kai
Karelian Bear Dog
Karelo-Finnish Laika
Keeshond
Kintamani
Kishu
Korea Jindo Dog
Lapponian Herder (Lapinporokoira)
Mackenzie River Husky
Nenets Herding Laika
Norbottenspets
Northeasterly Hauling Laika
Norwegian Buhund
Norwegian Elkhound
Norwegian Lundehund
Papillon
Phalène
Pomeranian
Pungsan
Russo-European Laika
Ryūkyū Inu
Sakhalin Husky
Samoyed
Sanshu
Schipperke
Seppala Siberian Sleddog
Shiba Inu
Shikoku
Siberian Husky
Swedish Lapphund
Swedish Vallhund
Thai Bangkaew Dog
Volpino Italiano
Welsh Corgi (Pembroke)
West Siberian Laika