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Encyclopedia > Sport wrestling
Andrell Durden (top) and Edward Harris grapple for position during the All-Marine Wrestle Offs. Durden and Harris were among the Marines selected during the wrestle offs to serve on the 2001 All Marine Wrestling Team.
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Andrell Durden (top) and Edward Harris grapple for position during the All-Marine Wrestle Offs. Durden and Harris were among the Marines selected during the wrestle offs to serve on the 2001 All Marine Wrestling Team.
Two US Air Force members wrestling
Two US Air Force members wrestling

Wrestling is the best sport ever created because it is the only sport that takes a man to do all other sports are stupid. it is a form of fighting, both playfully and as a combat sport, between two opponents without weapons who grab each other's body and/or clothing (grappling, as opposed to punching, striking, kicking and pinching). The term "wrestling" is also used figuratively, as in "wrestling with a problem". Image File history File links USMC pub domain government photo. ... Image File history File links USMC pub domain government photo. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... A combat sport is a competitive sport involving the use of punch, kick, throw, joint locks, and/or a weapon for attack and defence. ... (See also List of types of clothing and Clothing terminology) Humans often wear articles of clothing (also known as dress, garments or attire) on the body (for the alternative, see nudity). ... Grappling is an element of many martial arts, and consists of techniques for handling the opponent in which the opponent is held or gripped rather than struck. ... For other uses of the words kick and kicker see Kick (disambiguation). ...

Contents


Wrestling as a sport

Not to be confused with professional (staged) wrestling.

FILA Greatest Wrestler of 20th Century (Greco-Roman), Alexander Karelin throws Olympian Jeff Blatnick with his famous "Karelin Lift"
FILA Greatest Wrestler of 20th Century (Greco-Roman), Alexander Karelin throws Olympian Jeff Blatnick with his famous "Karelin Lift"

Most wrestling is an amateur sport but some forms, such as sumo, have long professional traditions. (Note: The term Professional Wrestling is most often used in the United States to refer to a form of sports entertainment - that is, a simulated sporting event; see also Puroresu.) Image File history File links Alexander Karelin throwing Jeff Blatnick File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Alexander Karelin throwing Jeff Blatnick File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Alexander Karelin Alexandr Alexandrovich Karelin, or simply Alexander Karelin, (born September 19, 1967 in Novosibirsk, Russia) was a dominant Greco-Roman wrestler for the Soviet Union and later, after its dissolution, for Russia. ... Sumo (相撲 Sumō, alternatively 大相撲 Ōzumō), or Sumo wrestling, is a competition contact sport wherein two wrestlers or rikishi face off in a circular area. ... // Professional wrestling is a form of performance art where the participants engage in simulated sporting matches. ... Sports entertainment is a type of entertainment that superficially takes the form of a sporting event, but with more emphasis on dramatic storylines, humor, spectacle or titilation than on the contest of althletic skills. ... Puroresu is an abbreviated term of purofesshonaru resuringu (professional wrestling in Japanese tongue), made popular among English-speaking fans by Hisaharu Tanabe in early 1990s. ...


Wrestling is often categorized as one of the martial arts; its virile image and usefulness as military training doubtlessly helped it to become and remain popular in many cultures. It is one of the oldest types of sport; there are wall-paintings more than 15,000 years old depicting men wrestling. Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ...


There are almost as many wrestling styles as there are national traditions. Some samples are sumo in Japan and Yağlı güreş (oiled wrestling) in Turkey. In the example of oiled wrestling, the wrestlers wear tight knee-length leather trousers (Muslim modesty doesn't square with the public nakedness of fighters in classical Antiquity, as in nearly all ancient Olympic disciplines) and cover themselves with diluted olive oil. A noted oiled wrestling tournament, called Kirkpinar, held annually in Edirne, European Turkey since 1362, is the oldest continuously-running, sanctioned sporting competition in the world, and in recent years this style of wrestling has also become popular in other countries, most notably the Netherlands and Japan. Sumo (相撲 Sumō, alternatively 大相撲 ÅŒzumō), or Sumo wrestling, is a competition contact sport wherein two wrestlers or rikishi face off in a circular area. ... Terrible and mighty Turk, Yusuf İsmail Pehlivan at Kirkpinar // Description YaÄŸlı GüreÅŸ is the Turkish national sport. ... Nudity in sport, i. ... In agriculture, olive oil is an oil extracted from the fruit of the European olive tree , which originated in the Mediterranean area. ... Kirkpinar is the name of a Turkish yağlı güreş wrestling tournament. ... Selimiye Mosque, built by Sinan in 1575 Edirne is a city in (Thrace), the westernmost part of Turkey, close to the borders with Greece and Bulgaria. ... Centuries: 13th century - 14th century - 15th century Decades: 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s - 1360s - 1370s 1380s 1390s 1400s 1410s Years: 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 - 1362 - 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 See also: 1362 state leaders Events Under Edward III, French as Englands national language, for the first time...


There are two "international" wrestling styles performed in the Olympic Games under the supervision of FILA (Fédération Internationale des Luttes Associées or International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles): Freestyle and Greco-Roman. Freestyle is possibly derived from the English Lancashire style. A similar style, commonly called Collegiate or Folkstyle, is practiced in secondary schools, colleges, and younger age groups in the United States. The Olympic Games, or Olympics, is an international multi-sport event taking place every two years and alternating between Summer and Winter Games. ... Collegiate Wresting is the commonly used name for the style of wrestling practiced at the university level in the United States. ... Collegiate Wresting is the commonly used name for the style of wrestling practiced at the university level in the United States. ...



Freestyle and Greco-Roman differ in what holds are permitted; in Greco-Roman, the wrestlers are permitted to hold and attack only above the waist. In both Greco-Roman and freestyle, points can be scored the following ways, with analogs in folkstyle and collegiate:

  • Takedowns: Gaining control over your opponent from a neutral position.
  • Reversals: Gaining control over your opponent from a defensive position.
  • Escapes: Escaping your opponents' control. (The escape point is no longer awarded in the international styles.)
  • Exposure: Exposing your opponent's back to the mat.
  • Lifting: Successfully Lifting an opponent in the defensive position and exposing his back. (The lift point is no longer awarded under the rules changes adopted for the international styles in 2004-2005. Lifting has never been rewarded in folkstyle or collegiate, and rules against locking hands on the mat interfere with its practicality.)
  • Penalty Points: Various infractions (striking your opponent, acting with brutality or intent to injure, using illegal holds, etc). (Under the 2004-2005 changes to the international styles, a wrestler whose opponent takes an injury time-out receives one point unless the injured wrestler is bleeding.)

A match can be won in the following ways:

  • Period Format: In the International styles the format is now 3- 2 minute periods a wrestler winning the match when he has won two out of three periods, for example if one competitor were to win the first period 1-0 and the second period 1-0 the match would be over, however if the other competitor were to win the second period then third and deciding period would result. Only a fall or disqualification can decided total match termination, all other modes of victory result only in period termination.
  • Win by Fall: A fall, also known as a pin, occurs when one wrestler holds both his opponents' shoulders on the mat simultaneously.
  • Win by Technical Fall: If one wrestler gains a six-point lead over his opponent at any point, the current period is declared over and he is the winner of that period. (In folkstyle and collegiate wrestling, a technical fall occurs when one wrestler gains a fifteen-point lead and in that case the match is over.)
  • Win by Decision: If neither wrestler achieves either type of fall, the one who has gained more points during the match (or period internationally) is declared the winner. If the wrestlers have gained the same number of points, then it is ruled by the judges through certain criteria in the international styles. In folkstyle and collegiate wrestling, an overtime period will result to decide the true victor.
  • Win By Major Decision: In folkstyle and collegiate wrestling, a decision in which the winner outscores his opponent by eight or more points is a "major decision" and is rewarded with an additional team point.
  • Win by TKO: TKO stands for Technical Knock Out; if one wrestler is knocked out and unable to wrestle, the other wrestler is declared the winner. This is officially referred to variously as WBI (win by injury), medical forfeit or injury default in the international styles and folkstyle, in which knockouts are not encouraged and are treated as accidental. The term also encompasses situations where wrestlers become injured, take too many injury time-outs or cannot stop bleeding.


The countries with the leading wrestlers in the Olympic Games are Iran, United States, Russia (and some of the former Soviet Union republics), Bulgaria, Hungary, Sweden, Finland and Turkey. A pin, or a fall, is a victory condition in various forms of wrestling that is met by holding an opponents shoulder blades to the wrestling mat for a prescribed period of time. ... In amateur wrestling, a technical fall, or technical superiority, is a victory condition satisfied by outscoring your opponent by a specified number of points. ...


In the United States currently there is a decline of wrestling programs in colleges and universities that some attribute to Title IX. It is believed by some that when schools cannot add enough opportunities for women they choose to scrap their wrestling programs (other programs for men like golf, track and swimming are believed to be similiarly affected). This has caused controversy in recent years. Patsy T. Mink, late Congresswoman from Hawaii, wrote the law as an outgrowth of adversities she faced in obtaining her college degrees at the University of Hawaii, University of Nebraska and University of Chicago. ...


In some countries, people engage in simulated wrestling matches as a performance ("sports entertainment"). See professional wrestling. // Professional wrestling is a form of performance art where the participants engage in simulated sporting matches. ...


See also

Arm wrestling is an athletic contest in which two people place either their right elbows or their left elbows on a table, grip their hands, and try to force back the other persons hand to the table surface. ... Collegiate Wresting is the commonly used name for the style of wrestling practiced at the university level in the United States. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... // Introduction Though still not as popular as hockey or basketball, high school wrestling is a burgeoning sport in Massachusetts. ... // Professional wrestling is a form of performance art where the participants engage in simulated sporting matches. ... Sumo (相撲 Sumō, alternatively 大相撲 Ōzumō), or Sumo wrestling, is a competition contact sport wherein two wrestlers or rikishi face off in a circular area. ... In many styles of wrestling, opponents are matched based on weight. ... Terrible and mighty Turk, Yusuf İsmail Pehlivan at Kirkpinar // Description Yağlı Güreş is the Turkish national sport. ...

Famous amateur wrestlers

Kurt Steven Angle is an American 1996 Olympic gold medalist in freestyle wrestling and now a professional wrestler performing for World Wrestling Entertainment on its RAW brand. ... Dan Gable (born October 25, 1948 in Waterloo, Iowa), has often been called the Babe Ruth of wrestling. ... Rulon Gardner (born August 16, 1971 in Afton, Wyoming) is an amateur wrestler in the Greco-Roman discipline from the United States. ... Champion wrestler from Iran, Dabir has won many world championships from 1998 to present. ... Frank Gotch in a published photo Frank Alvin Gotch (April 27, 1878 - December 17, 1917) was an American professional wrestler. ... Alexander Karelin Alexandr Alexandrovich Karelin, or simply Alexander Karelin, (born September 19, 1967 in Novosibirsk, Russia) was a dominant Greco-Roman wrestler for the Soviet Union and later, after its dissolution, for Russia. ... Alexander Medved (Belarusian: Алякса́ндр Васíлевiч Мядзве́дзь; Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Медве́дь) (born September 16, 1937 in Belaya Tserkov, Ukrainian SSR) is a famous Belarusian wrestler. ... Sergei Belaglazov is one of the greatest modern wrestlers. ... Cael Sanderson (born June 20, 1979 in Salt Lake City, American wrestler. ... Dave Schultz (June 6, 1959 - January 26, 1996) was a champion wrestler. ... Werner Seelenbinder (born August 2, 1904 in Stettin, Germany, died October 24, 1944) was a German communist and wrestler. ... John Smith (born August 9, 1965) is currently the head coach of wrestling at Oklahoma State University. ... Pat Smith was born on Sept. ... Gholamreza Takhti (غلامرضا تختی‎; 1930-1968) is the most famous Persian wrestler. ... Brock Lesnar. ... Shelton Benjamin (born July 9, 1975 in Orangeburg, South Carolina) is an American professional wrestler and former amateur wrestler now working for World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE)s RAW brand. ...

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