The earliest chronicles The Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa say that, before the migration of the Indo-Aryans, tribes of naga, yaksha, deva & raksha inhabited the island. They are said to have lived in highly developed urban areas in all regions of the country.The first Sri Lankan kingdom had its capital at Tambapanni(Tamiraparani), but later shifted to Upatissagama and then to Anuradhapura. The Mahavamsa, also Mahawamsa, (Pāli: great chronicle) is a historical record, written in the Pāli language, of the Buddhist kings of Sri Lanka. ... The Indo-Aryans are the ethno-linguistic descendents of the Indic branch of the Indo-Iranians. ... The word Naga can refer to several different things. ... Categories: Mythology stubs | Buddhism-related stubs ... Deva can refer to: Deva (Hinduism), a Hindu deity. ... In Hindi, Raksha means protection. This word is derived from the Sanskrit language. ... // Name Anuradhapura, (அனுராதபுரம் in Tamil) is one of the ancient capitals of Sri Lanka, world famous for its well preserved ruins of the Great Sri Lankan Civilization. ...

Sri Lanka was known to the Greeks and to the Romans, who called it Taprobane, probably after Tambapanni. In the 1st Century, the King sent an embassy to the Roman Emperor Claudius. The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (ශ්රී ලංකා in Sinhala / இலங்கை in Tamil) (known as Ceylon before 1972) is a tropical island nation off the southeast coast of the Indian subcontinent. ... A statue of Emperor Claudius Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (August 1, 10 BC – October 13, 54), previously Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus, was the fourth Roman Emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, ruling from January 24, 41 to his death in 54. ...

Anuradhapura remained Sri Lanka's royal capital until the 8th century AD, when it was replaced by Polonnaruwa. // Name Anuradhapura, (அனுராதபுரம் in Tamil) is one of the ancient capitals of Sri Lanka, world famous for its well preserved ruins of the Great Sri Lankan Civilization. ... The second most ancient of Sri Lankas kingdoms, Polonnaruwa was first declared the capital city by King Vijayabahu I, who defeated the Chola invaders in 1070 to reunite the country once more under a local leader. ...

Tamil presence is noted throughout the country's written history. Its origins are not dated, but must post-date the arrival of the Dravidian language group in South India sometime in prehistory. Given the island's proximity to the Deccan Plateau, people of different ethnicities must have traveled to and from it throughout human history. Introduction The Deccan Plateau is a vast plateau in India, encompassing most of Central and Southern India. ...

There were repeated wars between the Sinhalese and Indian invaders, and for much of the first millennium AD the island was controlled by various Tamil princes. Vijayabahu I re-established a Sinhalese dynasty in the 11th century. The "golden age" of the Sri Lankan kingdom was in the 12th century, when the Sinhalese King Parakrama Bahu I united the whole island under his rule As given in the Mahavamso and the Rajavamsa/Rajavamso, the ancient and medieval chronological records of SriLanka: (names in italics were conquering kings/princes belonging to the empire of Chola and, early and later Pandyas[in block], or those of native Tamil royal clan( pure or intermarriage with Sinhalese royal lines) and Sinhalese intermarriage with later Pandyan princes). This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A golden age is a temporal term originated from early Greek and Roman poets. ... Parakrama Bahu I the Great. ... Mahavamso Mahavamso is an epic-equivalent historical compilation of documented events in Srilankan history with exact dates. ... The Cholas were the most famous of the three dynasties that ruled ancient Tamil Nadu. ... The Pandyan kingdom was an ancient state at the tip of South India, founded around the 6th century BCE. It was part of the Dravidian cultural area, which also comprised other kingdoms such as that of the Pallava, the Chera, the Chola, the Chalukya and the Vijayanagara. ...

VIJAYA THAMMANNA-543BC Kalinga prince with his 10,000 people arrived in SriLanka. Kalinga is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. ...

MINISTER UPATISSA-c.520BC (NO KING) Chola prince Urai-Tittan, a sage visits SL, becomes the RajaGuru of the native people. A Rajaguru or Raja Guru is a teacher for the king. ...

UPATISSA NUWARA-505BC The Tamil Guru's son proclaims to be the first king of the Middle and Upper SL.(Lower SL plains towards the north inhabited by native Nagas and Iyakkas) // Nagas In India there is an ancient belief in a subterranean race of divine serpent people who dwell in patalas or palaces in the underground city of Bhogavati. ...

PANDUWAS DEVUPATISSA NUWARA-504BC Pandiyan son-in-law of Upatissa occupies the throne and starts his lineage.

ABHAYAUPATISSA NUWARA-474BC

PRINCE TISSA (NO KING)

UPATISSA NUWARA-454BC

PANDU KABHAYA-ANURADHAPURA-437BC

MUTASEEVA-ANURADHAPURA-367BC

DEVANAMPIYA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-307BC Sinhalese language take a definite form during this period as a hybrid of the island's native Tamil and Pali, the language of the Kalinga people settled for the past 3 centuries. Pali may refer to: Pāli, a Middle Indo-Aryan language Pali, Rajasthan, a town and district in Rajasthan, western India Pali, a Hawaiian word, meaning cliffs Nuuanu Pali, a region on the Hawaiian island of Oahu Ballaleshwar Pali, the Ganapati temple of pali and place in Maharastra This is...

UTHTHIYA-ANURADHAPURA-267BC The first king of Sinhala sect administration.

MAHASEEVA-ANURADHAPURA-257BC A Hindu king who welcomes son and daughter of emperor Asoka and helps propagate Buddhist cult as an accepted part of Sivaism in SriLanka.

SURA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-247BC Seggregation of Buddhism from Sivaism as a distinct religion.The king adopts to Buddhism religion and Sinhalese language.From now on, we notice only the fused Sanskrit names and no more pure Tamil or Pali names in the kingslist.

SENA - GUTHTHIKA-ANURADHAPURA-237BC By the order of Chola king Senni, a powerful merchant Kudignan with his own navy fleet invade the island to destroy the coastal pyrates. Gutikan and his men rule for the next 22 years.

ASELA-ANURADHAPURA-215BC Prince Asela drives out the Chola merchants and claims the throne.

ELARA (TAMIL)-ANURADHAPURA-205BC Prince Ellaalan, younger brother of Chola king Ellagan conquers SriLanka and sets up his own kingdom. The story of the king Manu-needi kaaththa Cholan is attributed to him, he is said to have sacrificed his only son's life to give justice to a mother cow whose calf was overrun by the prince.

GAMINI ABHAYA (DUTUGEMUNU)-ANURADHAPURA-161BC The now son-less old Tamil king is called for one-to-one battle by the young strong native prince Gamini, and is defeated.

SADDHA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-137BC

THULLATHTHANA-ANURADHAPURA-119BC

LAJJI TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-119BC

KHALLA TANAGA-ANURADHAPURA-110BC

WATTA GAMINI ABHAYA WALAGAMBA-ANURADHAPURA-104BC

PULAHATTA

THE TAMIL FIVE-ANURADHAPURA-104BC Anuradhapura is captured by an alliance of northern native (Tamil) Nagas and Iyakkas. Five kings among them rule in succession. The whole island for the first time in SriLankan history is brought under one rule.

WALAGAMBA (2ND TIME)-ANURADHAPURA-88BC Walagamba regroups his army, emerges from the mountaineous hideout of southcentral SriLanka, and regains his throne.

MAHACHULA MAHA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA- 76BC This kings takes the title "Greater Chola" and "Tittan the Great "

CHOLA NAGA-ANURADHAPURA-62BC Karikala Chola I's son who is also the Naga king's son-in-law, conquers the central kingdom again.

KUDA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-50BC Son of Chola Naga.

ANULA AND HER HUSBANDS- ANURADHAPURA-47BC Kuda Tissa's cousin, the Naga general in-charge, marries Sinhalese Princess Anula, but is soon suspiciously murdered. Anula ascends throne ruling with her next Sinhalese husbands.

MAKALAN TISSA -ANURADHAPURA-42BC

BHATHI KABHAYA (BHATHIYA TISSA I)- ANURADHAPURA-20BC

MAHA DHARTAKA MAHA NAGA-ANURADHAPURA-9AD

AMANDAGAMINI ABHAYA- ANURADHAPURA-21AD

KANEE RAJANU TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-30AD

CHOLABHAYA-ANURADHAPURA- 33AD His name suggests continuing Chola-Sinhalese enemity and Cholas still troubling the royal clan. He dies in a war against Chola-Nagas.

PRINCESS SEEVALI-ANURADHAPURA-34AD Women though can govern the country, could not take the title "queen".

NO KING-ANURADHAPURA-34AD

ILA NAGA- ANURADHAPURA-37AD Naga prince Ila-Naga for the next 7 years rule the whole of the island.

SANDA MUHUNU-ANURADHAPURA-43AD Sinhalese prince reclaims the middlecountry.

YASA LALAKA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-52AD

SHUBHA-ANURADHAPURA-59AD

VASABHA-ANURADHAPURA-65AD

WANKA NASIKA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA- 109AD

GAJABA GEMUNU (GAJABA I)-ANURADHAPURA-112AD GajaBahu is said to be a friend of Cheran Cen-Kuttuvan and visits Vanci for the inaugration of Kannagi temple.

MAHALLAKA NAGA-ANURADHAPURA- 134AD

BHATHIYA TISSA II-ANURADHAPURA-140AD

KHANITTA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA- 164AD

CHOLANAGA-ANURADHAPURA-192AD Again the throne falls into the hands of Tamil Naga king Chola-Naga - II .

KUDDA NAGA-ANURADHAPURA-194AD

SIRI NAGA I- ANURADHAPURA-195AD

VOHARA TISSA-ANURADHAPURA-214AD Sinhalese son-in-law of Siri-Naga.

ABHAYA NAGA-ANURADHAPURA- 236AD

SIRI NAGA II-ANURADHAPURA-244AD

VIJAYINDU-ANURADHAPURA-246AD

SANGA TISSA ANURADHAPURA-247AD

SIRI SNAGA BO-ANURADHAPURA-251AD

GOTABHAYA-ANURADHAPURA- 253AD

JETTA TISSA I-ANURADHAPURA-266AD

MAHASENA-ANURADHAPURA-276AD

KITHSIRI MEGHA WARNA- ANURADHAPURA-304AD

JETTA TISSA II-ANURADHAPURA-332AD

BUDDHA DASA-ANURADHAPURA- 341AD

UPATISSA II-ANURADHAPURA-370AD

MAHANAMA-ANURADHAPURA-412AD

SOTHTHISENA- ANURADHAPURA-434AD

JATHTHA GAHAKA-ANURADHAPURA-434AD

MATHTHASENA-ANURADHAPURA- 435AD

SEVEN TAMIL KINGS-ANURADHAPURA-436AD The throne once again falls into the hands of Tamil Nagas and for the next 25 years about seven Naga generals rule the middle country.

DHATHUSENA-ANURADHAPURA-461AD

KHASHSHYAPA I (SIGIRI) -SEEGIRIYA-479AD

MUGALAN-ANURADHAPURA-497AD

KUMARADASA- ANURADHAPURA-515AD A Tamil general from the hilly South conquers the capital, assumes kingship and rules for the next nine years.

KEERTHISENA-ANURADHAPURA-524AD The Sinhalese scion briefly get a hand to the throne.

SEEVA-ANURADHAPURA-524AD The son of Kumaradasa briefly reclaims the capital.

UPATISSA III-ANURADHAPURA-525AD Seeva is ousted and another Sinhalese dynasty is started.

SILAKALA-ANURADHAPURA-526AD

DHATAPABHOOTHI (DHAPPULA I)- ANURADHAPURA-539AD

MUGALAN II-ANURADHAPURA-539AD

KITHSIRI ME-ANURADHAPURA- 559AD

MAHA NAGA-ANURADHAPURA-560AD Brief usurp by this Naga king.

AGRABHODHI I-ANURADHAPURA-563AD

AGRABHODHI II-ANURADHAPURA-597AD

SANGA TISSA II (ASEE GRAHAKA)-ANURADHAPURA- 607AD

DALA MUGALAN III-ANURADHAPURA-608AD

SHILA MEGHA (ASEE GRAHAKA)-ANURADHAPURA- 614AD

AGRABHODHI III (SIRISNGHABO)-ANURADHAPURA-623AD

JETTA TISSA III-ANURADHAPURA- 623AD

AGRABHODI III (2ND TIME)-ANURADHAPURA-624AD

DHATOPA TISSA I-ANURADHAPURA- 640AD

KHASHSHYAPA II-ANURADHAPURA-652AD

HATHTHADHATA (DHATOPA TISSA II)- ANURADHAPURA-640AD

DHAPPULA II-ANURADHAPURA-664AD

AGGRABODHI IV (SIRISANGHABO)- ANURADHAPURA-673AD

DHATHTHA (WALPITA)-ANURADHAPURA-689AD

HUNANNARU HATHTHA DHATA- ANURADHAPURA-691AD

MANA WAMMA-ANURADHAPURA-691AD

AGRABHODHI V-ANURADHAPURA- 726AD

KHASHSHYAPA III-ANURADHAPURA-732AD

MAHINDA I (MIHINDU EPA)-ANURADHAPURA- 738AD

AGRABHODI VI-ANURADHAPURA-741AD

AGRABHODI VII-POLONNARUWA-781AD

MAHINDA II-ANURADHAPURA-787AD

DHAPPULA III-ANURADHAPURA-807AD

MAHINDA III (DHARMIKA SHILA MEGHA)-ANURADHAPURA-812AD

AGRABHODI VIII-ANURADHAPURA-816AD

DHAPPULA IV (III)-BHERAMINIPAYA- 827AD

AGRABHODI IX (VI)-ANURADHAPURA-843AD

SENA I (SHILA MEGHA)-POLONNARUWA-846AD

SENA II-POLONNARUWA-866AD

UDHAYA II (I)-POLONNARUWA-901AD

KHASHSHYAPA IV-POLONNARUWA- 912AD

KHASHSHYAPA V-POLONNARUWA-929AD

DHAPPULA V-POLONNARUWA-939AD

DHAPPULA VI- POLONNARUWA-940AD

UDHAYA III (2)-POLONNARUWA-952AD

SENA III-POLONNARUWA-955AD

UDHAYA IV (III)-POLONNARUWA-964AD

SENA IV-POLONNARUWA-972AD

MAHINDA IV-POLONNARUWA- 975AD

SENA V-POLONNARUWA-991AD

MAHINDA V-ANURADHAPURA AND KAPULGAL NUWARA-1001AD Chola Emperor Rajaraja the Great conquers most of the island.

RAJENDRA CHOLA - I -1010AD Rajendra Chola brings the whole of the island under his control.

KAHSHSHYAPA V (WIKREMABAHU)-RUHUNA-1037AD When the royal scion Kashyapa becomes a lad, he declares his hitherto hiding place - the mountain caves of Upper SriLanka- as his capital and assumes kingship-in-exile.

SENAPATHI KEERTHI-RUHUNA- 1049AD

WIKUM PADI-RUHUNA-1049AD

MAHA LANA KEERTHI-RUHUNA-1049AD

JAGATHEE PALA- RUHUNA-1049AD

PARAKRAMA-RUHUNA-1049AD

MAHA VIJAYABAHU-POLONNARUWA- 1065AD After 97 years, the Sinhalese regain Polonnaruwa.

JAYABAHU I-POLONNARUWA-1120AD

WIKREMABAHU I-POLONNARUWA-1121AD

GAJABAHU 2-POLONNARUWA-1142AD

MAHA PARAKRAMABAHU I-POLONNARUWA-1164AD

VIJAYBHU II-POLONNARUWA-1197AD

KEERTHI NISHSHANKA (NISHSHANKA MALLA)-POLONNARUWA- 1198AD

WIKREMABAHU II-POLONNARUWA-1207AD

CHOLA GANGA-POLONNARUWA-1207AD A Naga general by name Chola-Ganga conquers the middlecountry, assumes kingship, but soon he is murdered while on a fieldvisit to the foothills of Rohanna.

QUEEN LEELAWATHEE-POLONNARUWA-1208AD The very young daughter of the murdered Tamil Naga king, takes to the throne. Proclaims herself as a queen - the first official Queen in SriLankan history( as Sinhalese women were not allowed to take the throne).

SAHASA MALLA-POLONNARUWA- 1211AD The Sinhalese prince revolts and recaptures the power.

QUEEN KALYANAWATHEE-POLONNARUWA-1213AD The brave Tamil Queenmother reclaims after a fiercesome battle and rules for the next seven years .

DHARMASHOKA-POLONNARUWA- 1219AD Sinhalese again revolt and capture the power again. The Queenmother is killed amidst the revolution.

ANIKNAGA-POLONNARUWA-1220AD

QUEEN LEELAWATHEE (2ND TIME)-POLONNARUWA--- 1221AD Princess Leelawathee the brave and only scion of the Naga -Polonnaruwa clan wages war, defeats Sinhalese army and captures the throne.

LOKESHWARA-POLONNARUWA-1222AD Another revolt and the queen is deposed again .

QUEEN LEELAWATHEE (3RD TIME)-POLONNARUWA- 1222AD The erstwhile Tamil Queen the darling of common people, never giving up , reclaims the power after a public uprisal against the new Sinhalese king who had been slaughtering innocent Tamil mass for revenge. But within a few months she is brutally murdered while asleep. The young Naga lady, now a legend, had ruled for ten years in total as the mother of the people of the middlecountry, was just twenty nine years old when she died. During her risings she had killed five Sinhalese kings in long wars.

PARAKRAMA PANDU-POLONNARUWA-1222AD The lone surviving scion of Sinhala royal clan with the help of his Pandyan father-in-law reclaims the capital.

KALINGA MAGA-POLONNARUWA- 1225AD

VIJAYABAHU III-DAMBADENIYA-1246AD - Pandyan invasion, Sinhalese capital pushed back;

PARAKRAMABAHU II (KALI KALA SAHITHTHYA SARWAGNGNA ANDITHA)-DAMBADENIYA-1250AD

VIJAYABAHU IV-POLONNARUWA-1285

ADBUWANEKA BAHU- DAMBADENIYA-1287AD - Pandyan occupation, Sinhalese rule a small town Dambadeniya and the surrounding area . Source from www.lakdiv.com:A long interregnum of some twenty years, during which the Island perhaps formed part of the Pandyan empire. It is at this time, between 1292 and 1294, that Marco Polo passed by Lanka and mentions its king Sendemain, whose identity is obscure. An embassy also was sent in 1284 from China to secure the Tooth and Bowl Relics.

PARAKRAMABAHU III-POLONNARUWA-1298AD

BUWANEKA BAHU II- KURUNEGALA-1303AD-Pandyan invasion, Sinhalese capital pushed back;The Mhavamsa says that after Bhuvanaika Bahu's death, there arose a famine and that the Pandyan king Kulasekhara (AD. 1268-1308) sent his minister Arya Chakravarti, the Pandyan clan of Rameswaram and Sethu , to invade Lanka. The minister; who is mentioned in a Pandyan inscription of A.D. 1305, succeeded in taking Yapahu, and in carrying off the Tooth Relic. But the Dalada Sirila, almost a contemporary document, places this event during Bhuvanaika Bahu's reign though doubtless it occurred at the very end of it.

PARAKRAMABAHU IV (PANDITHA)-KURUNEGALA-1305AD Born of Pandyan intermarriage , he assumed the titile of ParakramaBahu.

BUWANEKA BAHU III (WANNI)- KURUNEGALA-1305AD

VIJAYABAHU V (JAYABAHU)-KURUNEGALA-1305AD 1344AD-About the end of this last-named king's reign or the beginning of his successor's Lanka was visited in 1344 by the famous traveller, Ibn Batuta, who found the north of the Island, including the port of Puttalam, in the possession of the king of Jaffna: the Sinhala monarch he calls Alkonar, and states that he had been blinded in a palace revolution, but was still living while his son reigned in his stead. In the same year 1344 an inscription at Kelaniya records that the wife of the Tamil minister Alagakkonara helped to repair the Kit Sirimevan Vihara at that place.

BUWANEKABAHU IV-GAMPOLA- 1347AD-Iyakkar invasion, Sinhalese capital pushed back into the safety of the southern upper mountaineous region .

PARAKRAMABAHU V-GAMPOLA-1351AD

WIKREMABAHU III-GAMPOLA-1351AD

BUWANEKABAHU V- GAMPOLA-1351AD Arya Chakravarti, the king of Jaffna, attacked by sea and land, but was defeated Alagakkonara capturing his encampments at Colombo, Wattala, Negombo and Chilaw. This campaign can hardly be other than that assigned by the Rajavaliya which at this period is very confused, to the reign of Bhuvanaika Bahu V. According to this lath chronicle the war was brought about by Alagakkonara hanging Arya Chakravarti's tax collectors. It is unlikely that this is an invention. The very position of Kotte in the swamps near Colombo is a proof of the straits to which the Sinhala had been reduced, and there can be little doubt that the Jaffna kingdom was for a time paramount in the low country of Lanka; the Tamil inscription at Kotagama in Kegalla District, however, is almost its only surviving relic.

WEERABAHU II-GAMPOLA-1391AD

Before Vira Bahu's accession, however, the actual royal authority had been wielded by Kumara Alakesvara, the son of the great Alagakkonara, who had died after 1382/3, and then by Vira Alakesvara. With him fought his brother Vira Bahu II., who resided at Rayigampura in Kalutara District, and Vira Alakesvara fled to India. Vira Alakesvara returned from India, seized the supreme power, and reigned for twelve years, apparently under the name of Vijaya Bahu VI.Vijaya Bahu had the misfortune to deal unfairly with a Chinese mission, and the ambassador Ching Ho retaliated by carrying off the king with his wives and children, returning to China in A.D. 1411. An inscription in Chinese, Persian and Tamil, dated in A.D. 1409, found at Galle, refers to Ching Ho's expedition.

SRI PARAKRAMABAHU VI Alakeswara Alkonar(PARAKRAMABAHU)-KOTTE- 1410AD The principal event was the conquest of Jaffna by Sapurnal Kumaraya, the son, actual or adopted, of Parakrama Bahu's kingdom seems to have come into being, at least' as an independent state, about the thirteenth century. The place-names in the peninsula indicate that it was held by Sinhala inhabitants at no very remote date, and it certainly was part of the dominions of Parakrama Bahu I. Its sovereigns, the Arya- Chakravartis, were of mixed descent, claiming to be of the Ganga-vansa, the ruling race of Kalinga, and to be Brahmans from Ramesvaram. The most probable solution of the problem is that the Kalinga Magha or his heirs never lost their hold on the Jaffna peninsula, in which at least two of their forts, Uratota (Kayts) and Veligama (Valikamam, perhaps Kankesanturai} were situated, and. that, as stated by De Queyroz, one of the Arya Chakravartis, a well-known family in the Pandyan country, married a daughter of the then king In 1344 the king of Jaffna held a considerable part of the north of Lanka, and the last half of the fourteenth century marked the zenith of his power: we have seen that for a short time the overlordship of the Island was in his hands. By the beginning of the next century, if not at the end of the preceding, the kingdom was t:ributary to the great continental empire of Vijayanagar. Nunez states this definitely, and one of the regular titles of the emperor was who levied taxes from Ilam' ;

Sapiunal Kumaraya conquered the northern kingdom, advancing along the west coast coa road. The reduction of the Vanni may have preced this event. Apparently connected with the earn was the expedition to Adriampet in South India, occasioned according to Valentyn by the seizure of a Lanka ship laden with cinnamon. The conquest of Jaffna is already mentioned in the thirty-sixth year of the of reign, that is either A.D. 1447/8 or 1450/1. The Tenkasi Ten inscription of Arikesari Parakrama Pandya of Tinnevelly `who saw the backs of kings at Singai, Anurai,' and else where, may refer to these wars, Singai being the Jaffna J a capital and Anurai the Sinhala; it is dated between A.D. 1449/50 and 1453/4. Vira Parakrama Bahu or Jaya Bahu (1468 - c. 1470) is said by the Rajavaliya to have been slain by Sapumal Kumaraya, who hearing of his accession hurried from Jaffna. Do Couto, however, who was well-informed, says that when this king had ruled one and a half years his uncle Mayadunne Parakrama Bahu died and was succeeded by Sapumal Kumaraya's brother, usually known as Ambulugala Raja from the name of his seat in Kegalla District. After a few years' reign the king died and his half-witted son was put on the throne by his aunt, who two years later finding herself unable to rule sent for Sapumal Kumaraya from Jaffna.

This prince ascended the throne under the name of Bhuvanaika Bahu VI. (c. A.D. 1472-1480 at least) and was crowned

JAYABAHU II-KOTTE-1462AD

BUWANEKABAHU VI-KOTTE-1464AD

PARAKRAMABAHU VII (PANDITHA) KOTTE-1471AD

(WEERA) PARAKRAMABAHU VIII-KOTTE-1480AD

(DHARMA) PARAKRAMABAHU IX-KOTTE-1505AD

VIJAYABAHU VI-KOTTE-1509AD

BUWANEKABAHU VII-KOTTE-1521AD

WEERAWIKREMA-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1524AD- Iyakkar invasion, Sinhalese capital pushed back into the safety of the southern upper mountaineous region .

DON JUAN DHARMAPALA-KOTTE-1521AD

MAYADUNNE-KOTTE (SEETHAWAKA)-1521AD

The kingdom of Jaffna had not then disturbed by the Portuguese until Christian converts in the Isle and of Mannar were massacred by the king in 1544. Vengeance was not exacted until 1560, when the; Viceroy Dom Constantino De Braganza invaded the peninsula and drove the king into the jungles of the mainland. Tendering his submission, the king took advantage of his return to organize a rising and the Portuguese were compelled to retire. They did not regain their hold on Jaffna until 1591, though Mannar remained in theft hands.

THE LAST HINDU SINHALESE KING:

RAJASINGHE I-KOTTE (SEETHAWAKA)-1581AD Rajasinha I. (A.D. 1581-1593), though a stout warrior, has a somewhat sinister reputation, due among the Portuguese to his persistent hostility and among the Buddhists to his rejection of their faith and his adoption of Hinduism; Having destroyed Kotte, he aimed at the capture of Colombo and the total expulsion; of the Portuguese. The fortress was besieged from 1587 to 1588, early in which year it was relieved. It was at this juncture that the Portuguese ravaged the coast and destroyed the famous Vishnu temple at Dondra. In 1590 Rajasinha again was threatening Colombo. Virasundara's son, Konappu Bandara, known to the Portuguese as Dom John of Austria, had greatly distinguished himself in the late siege; he had no love for Rajasinha, who had murdered his father, and now offered his, services to create a diversion in the Kandyan kingdom. Accordingly he went thither, taking with him the claimant of the throne of the hill-country and his son as well as a Portuguese force. Dom Philip was duly placed upon the throne, and a fort at Gannoruwa built for his protection against Rajasinha. But the new king died suddenly, not without suspicion of treachery; and Konappu, turning upon the Portuguese at Gannoruwa, defeated them and proclaimed himself king wider the name of Vimala Dharma Surya I. {A.D. 1590-1604). In 1592 Rajasinha attacked his new rival, but was defeated; in retiring a bamboo splinter pierced his foot and he died of blood poisoning early in 1593. As he was only eleven years old in 1555 he was under fifty at the time of his death, and the story that he was a centenarian is a myth. With Rajasinha's demise his kingdom collapsed. His favourite general Manamperi deserted to Dharmapala, and with his help the Portuguese soon annexed the Sitawaka dominions and captured the royal princes; among them was Nikapitiye Bandara, who was removed to Portugal and died at Coimbra in 1608.

In 1591 the king of Jafnna was unwise enough to attack Mannar, and in consequence lost his life and throne at the hands of the Portuguese under Andre Furtado. His successor, whose rescue from death by Simao Pinhao is depicted on the mural tablet at the Saman Dewale near Ratnapura, was the creature of Portugal, and from 1593 there were only two powers in the island, the Kandyans under Vimala Dharma Surya and the Portuguese notninally fighting for Dharmapala;. the latter, as we have seen, had taken Sitawaka and recovered most of the old dominions of Kotte with such ease that in.. 1594 they proposed to annex the highland kingdom and place on the throne Dona Catharina, the daughter, of the king expelled by Rajasinha. Pedro Lopes De Sousa, the first `Captain General of the Conquest,' succeeded in entering Kandy, and enthroned the princess. But he alienated the people by surrounding the young queen with Portuguese. Further, Manamperi was suspected of treason and slain; his levies thereupon deserted, and the expedition ended in disaster in the neighbourhood of Gannoruwa. The general was killed and Dona Catharina fell into the hands of Vimala Dharma Surya, who perfected his title by marrying the heiress of Kandy. The `Apostate of Candea' treated the captive Portuguese with great cruelty, mutilating fifty of them and sending these to Colombo `with one eye for each five.'

WIMELADHARMASURIYA I-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1592AD-PORTUGUESE invasion, Sinhalese capital pushed back into the safety of the southern upper mountaineous region . On May 27, 1597, Dharmapala died. His health had been seriously impaired by poison administered by Mayadunne; he was childless, and by his Donation, dated August 12, 1580, had bequeathed his dominions and the overlordship of Lanka to the king of Portugal. Accordingly Philip I. of Portugal and II. of Spain was proclaimed by Dom Jeronimo De Azevedo.

SENARATH-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)- 1604AD

RAJASINGHE II-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1634AD

WIMELADHARMASURIYA II-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)- 1686AD

SRI WIKREMA NAREDRASINGHE-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1705AD

SRI WIJEYA RAJASINGHE-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1738AD

KEERTHI SRI RAJASINGHE-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)- 1746AD

RAJADHI RAJASINGHE-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1779AD

SRI WIKREMA RAJASINGHE (LAST KING OF SL)-SENKADAGALA (KANDY)-1797AD

References:

• [1] wiki;Srilanka
• [2] History of SriLanka