Srirangapattana (also spelt Srirangapatna; anglecized to Seringapatam during the British Raj) is a town of great religious, cultural and historic importance located near the city of Mysore in the south Indian state of Karnataka. Anglicisation (CwE) or Anglicization (NAE) is a process of making something English. ... [[Countries of the subcontinent under British dominion are highlighted in purple. ... Mysore (Kannada: ಮೈಸೂರು) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ... It has been suggested that Divisions of Karnataka be merged into this article or section. ...

Location

Although situated a mere 13 km from Mysore city, Srirangapattana lies in the neighbouring district of Mandya. The entire town is enclosed by the river Kaveri to form an island. While the main river flows on the eastern side of the island, the Paschima Vaahini segment of the same river flows to its west. The town is easily accessed by train from Bangalore and Mysore and is also well-connected by road, lying as it does just off the Bangalore-Mysore highway. The highway passes through this town and special care was taken to minimise any impact on the monuments here. Mandya is a city and district in Karnataka state of India. ... The Cauvery (sometimes written as Kaveri) is one of the major rivers of southern India. ... The Vidhana Soudha is the seat of Karnatakas Legislative assembly Bangalore (Kannada: ; (?) in Kannada and // in English) is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Mysore (Kannada: ಮೈಸೂರು) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. ...

Religious Significance

Ranganatha Temple

The town takes its name from the celebrated temple of Sri Ranganathaswamy which dominates the town, making Srirangapattana one of the most important Vaishnavite centers of pilgrimage in south India. The temple was built by the Ganga (or "Kongu") rulers of the area in the 9th century; the strutcure was strengthened and improved upon architecturally some three centuries later. Thus, the temple is a medley of the Hoysala and Vijayanagar styles of temple architecture. Download high resolution version (600x800, 152 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (600x800, 152 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... (Also Sri Ranganatha, Ranganathar, Ranga) Ranganatha is a Hindu deity, more well-known in South India. ... Vaishnavism is one of the principal divisions of Hinduism. ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was that century that lasted from 801 to 900. ... Categories: Buildings and structures stubs ... Vijayanagara (often written Vijayanagar), in northern Karnataka, is the name of the now ruined capital city of the historic Vijayanagar empire in the Southern part of India. ... Temple architecture in the Hindu tradition is connected to astronomy and sacred geometry. ...

Tradition holds that all the islands formed in the Kaveri river are consecrated to Sri Ranganathaswamy, and large temples have been built in very ancient times dedicated to that deity on the three largest islands. These three towns, which constitute the main pilgrimage centers dedicated to Ranganathaswamy, are: The Cauvery (sometimes written as Kaveri) is one of the major rivers of southern India. ...

• Adi Ranga - at Srirangapattana
• Madhya Ranga - at Shivanasamudram
• Antya Ranga - at Srirangam

The presence of the river Kaveri is in itself considered auspicious and sanctifying. The Paschima Vaahini section of the Kaveri at Srirangapattana is considered especially sacred; the pious come from far and wide to immerse the ashes of the departed and perform obsequies to their ancestors in these waters. Shivanasamudram Shivanasamudram is a waterfall in southern Karnataka, Malavalli taluk, Mysore District. ... Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam Srirangam, also known as Thiruvarangam, is a small island town adjoining Tiruchirapalli in South India. ... The Cauvery (sometimes written as Kaveri) is one of the major rivers of southern India. ...

History

Srirangapattana has since time immemorial been an urban center and place of pilgrimage. During the Vijayanagar empire, it became the seat of a major viceroyaly, from where several nearby vassal states of the empire, such as Mysore and Talakad, were overseen. When, perceiving the decline of the Vijayanagar empire, the rulers of Mysore ventured to assert independence, Srirangapattana was their first target. Raja Wodeyar vanquished Rangaraya ¹, the then viceroy of Srirangapattana, in 1610 and celebrated the Navaratri festival in the town that year. It came to be accepted in time that two things demonstrated control and signified sovereignty over the Kingdom of Mysore by any claimant to the throne: The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... Flag of former princely state of Mysore. ... Talakad is a scenic and spiritual center located in Mysore district, near T. Narasipura. ... // Events January 7 - Galileo Galilei discovers the Galilean moons of Jupiter. ...

1. Successful holding of the 10-day-long Navaratri festival, dedicated to Durga, patron goddess of Mysore;
2. Control of the fort of Srirangapattana, the fortification nearest to the capital city of Mysore.

Srirangapattana remained part of the Kingdom of Mysore from 1610 to after India's independence in 1947; as the fortress closest to the capital city of Mysore, it was the last bastion and defence of the kingdom in case of invasion. Navratri or Navratra is a Hindu festival of worship and dance. ... It has been suggested that Durgastami be merged into this article or section. ... Mysore (Kannada: ಮೈಸೂರು) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Mysore (Kannada: ಮೈಸೂರು) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Mysore (Kannada: ಮೈಸೂರು) is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. ...

Hyder and Tipu

Srirangapattana became de facto the capital of Mysore under Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. When Tipu finally dispensed with the charade of deference to the legitimate Wodeyar Maharaja who was actually his captive, and proclaimed the "Khudadad State" under his own kingship, Srirangapattana became de jure the capital of that short-lived political entity. In that heady period, the state ruled by Tipu extended its frontiers in every direction, encompassing a major portion of South India. Srirangapattana flourished as the cosmopolitan capital of this powerful state. Various Indo-islamic monuments that dot the town, such as Tipu Sultan's palaces, the Darya Daulat and the Jumma Maseedi (Friday congregational mosque), date from this period. Hyder Ali or Haidar Ali (c. ... A potrait of Tipu Sultan by Edward Orme (1774 -1822). ... The Wodeyar dynasty (also spelt as Wadiyar-by the British and the Royal family members themselves and also as Odeyar by some) was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Mysore from 1399 to 1947, until the independence of India from British rule and the subsequent unification of... The word Maharaja (also spelled maharajah) is Hindi as well as ancient Sanskrit for high king (a karmadharaya from maha great and rajan king). Its use is primarily for Hindu potentates (ruler or sovereign). ... A map of South India, its rivers, regions and water bodies. ...

Battle of Seringapatam, 1799: Srirangapattana was the scene of the last and decisive battle fought between Tipu Sultan and the British forces led by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, who later also defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. This battle was the last engagement of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War. The Battle of Seringapatam, 1799, was truly momentous in its historic effects: had Tipu won that battle, the British may never have had anything more than a peripheral role in the subsequent history of south India. Whether the state founded by Tipu would have retained its independence and grown into an empire, or whether it would have fallen under French hegemony, is a matter of speculation; that the history of south India would have been radically different from what ensued is a certainty. Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Combatants France Anglo-Allied/Prussian/ Dutch Commanders Napoléon Bonaparte (Ney in control of battle) Duke of Wellington Gebhard von Blücher Strength 72,000 67,000 Anglo-Dutch 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties 25,000 22,000 Map of the Waterloo campaign The... The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798–1799) was a war in South India between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company under Lord Wellesley. ... In the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in 1799, the Battle of Seringapatam was the final confrontation between the British and Tipu Sultan, the Tiger of Mysore, who was killed when the British broke into the fortress. ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

In any event, Tipu Sultan was martyred within the fort of Srirangapattana, betrayed infamously by one of his own confidents; the spot where he ultimately fell is marked by a memorial. For the last time in history, Srirangapattana had been the scene of political change in the Kingdom of Mysore. Having secured the victory, the British proceeded to plunder Srirangapattana and ransack Tipu's palace. Apart from the usual gold and cash, innumerable valuables and objects d'art, not excepting even the personal effects of Tipu Sultan, his rich clothes and shoes, sword and firearms, were shipped to England. While most of this is now to be found in the British Royal Collection and in the Victoria and Albert Museum, some articles have occasionally become available at auctions and have been retrieved for their native land. The sword of Tipu Sultan has been acquired by Vijay Mallya, an industrialist from Karnataka, who purchased the same at a Sotheby's auction. Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the British Isles Languages None official English de facto Capital None official London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid-2004) – Total (2001... The Royal Collection Department is an organisation tasked with the cataloguing, conservation, cleaning, restoration and display of the books, pictures, sculptures and other works of art collected by the British royal family. ... The Cromwell Road entrance to the Victoria and Albert Museum The Victoria and Albert Museum viewed from Thurloe Square The main interior courtyard of the Victoria and Albert Museum in 2004. ... Dr. Vijay Mallya (born December 20, 1955) is a successful billionaire Bangalore-based businessman and Member of Parliament (Rajya Sabha since 2002) from India. ... It has been suggested that Divisions of Karnataka be merged into this article or section. ... PR shot of Sothebys New York, from auditions for The Apprentice 2 Sothebys is an auction house. ...

Places of interest

The town is famous for a very ancient temple dedicated to Sri Ranganathaswamy, a form of Lord Vishnu. Other attractions include the Jumma Masjid (a Mosque) and the Daria Daulat Gardens. Near Srirangapattana is the Rangantittu Bird Sanctuary, which is the breeding site for several bird species, including the Painted Stork, Open-billed Stork, Black-headed Ibis, River Tern, Great Stone Plover and Indian Shag. The Karighatta(Black Hill) and its temple of Lord Srinivasa is situated a few kilometres from the town. The deity is that of Kari-giri-vasa (one who resides on the black hill). (Also Sri Ranganatha, Ranganathar, Ranga) Ranganatha is a Hindu deity, more well-known in South India. ... For other uses of the name Vishnu, see Vishnu (disambiguation). ... Categories: Stub ... Orders Many - see section below. ... Binomial name Mycteria leucocephala (Pennant, 1769) The Painted Stork, Mycteria leucocephala, is a large wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. ... Binomial name Anastomus oscitans Boddaert, 1783 The Asian Openbill Stork, Anastomus oscitans, is a large wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. ... Binomial name Threskiornis melanocephalus (Latham, 1790) The Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) is a species of wading bird of the ibis family Threskiornithidae, which breeds in southern Asia from India and Sri Lanka to Japan. ... Binomial name Sterna aurantia Gray,JE, 1831 The River Tern Sterna aurantia is a bird in the tern family . ... Binomial name Esacus recurvirostris (Cuvier, 1829) The Great Thick-knee (Esacus recurvirostris) is a very large wader which is a resident breeder in tropical southern Asia from India and Sri Lanka into South-east Asia. ... Binomial name Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Stephens, 1826 The Indian Cormorant (Phalacrocorax fuscicollis) is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. ... A hill situated a few kilometres outside the island town of Srirangapatna, the name translates to Black Hill. The hill is the abode of the temple devoted to a form of Lord Vishnu. ... In Hinduism, Venkateshwara (also spelled as Venkateswara, Venkateshwer or Venkatachalapathi) is a much-worshipped form of Vishnu. ...

Footnotes

• ↑ The fall of Srirangapattana to the Wodeyar dynasty in 1614 is much celebrated in local ballad and legend, one of which concerns a curse put upon the Wodeyars by Alamelamma, the lamenting wife of the defeated Vijayanagar viceroy. In fulfillment of that curse, no ruling Maharaja of Mysore has ever had children; the succession has inevitably devolved upon brothers, nephews or adopted heirs, or on children born to the Maharaja before his accession, but never has a child been born to a ruling Maharaja.

The Wodeyar dynasty (also spelt as Wadiyar-by the British and the Royal family members themselves and also as Odeyar by some) was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Mysore from 1399 to 1947, until the independence of India from British rule and the subsequent unification of... Events April 5 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. ... The word Maharaja (also spelled maharajah) is Hindi as well as ancient Sanskrit for high king (a karmadharaya from maha great and rajan king). Its use is primarily for Hindu potentates (ruler or sovereign). ...

References

• "The Tiger and the Thistle"
• "Tipu's Srirangapattana"
• Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple
• Tourism in Srirangapattana
• Templenet on Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple