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St Mark's Basilica (Italian: Basilica di San Marco a Venezia), the cathedral of Venice, is the most famous of the city's churches and one of the best known examples of Byzantine architecture. It lies on St Mark's Square (in San Marco sestiere), adjacent and connected to the Doge's Palace. Since 1807 it is the seat of the Patriarch of Venice, archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice. For its opulent design, gilded Byzantine mosaics, and its status as a symbol of Venetian wealth and power from the 11th century on, the building was known by the nickname Chiesa d'Oro ("church of gold"). Image File history File links Film: Fuji Velvia Lens: 2. ...
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Local government areas called districts are used, or have been used, in several countries. ...
The Patriarch of Venice is one of the few Patriarchs in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church. ...
is the 281st day of the year (282nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
// May - El Cid completes his conquest of Valencia, Spain, and begins his rule of Valencia. ...
For other uses, see Cathedral (disambiguation). ...
Leader redirects here. ...
Angelo Cardinal Scola, Patriarch of Venice. ...
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Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire. ...
The western facade of Reims Cathedral, France. ...
For other uses, see Dome (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Cathedral (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Venice (disambiguation). ...
For the architectural structure, see Church (building). ...
Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire. ...
Piazza San Marco with the Basilica, by Canaletto, 1730. ...
San Marco shown within Venice. ...
Doges Palace. ...
Year 1807 (MDCCCVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ...
The Patriarch of Venice is one of the few Patriarchs in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church. ...
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Italy. ...
The most famous of the surviving Byzantine mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople - the image of Christ Pantocrator on the walls of the upper southern gallery. ...
This article is about a decorative art. ...
History
The building The first St Mark's was a temporary building in the Doge’s Palace, constructed in 828, when Venetian merchants stole the supposed relics of Saint Mark the Evangelist from Alexandria. This was replaced by a new church on its present site in 832; from the same century dates the first St Mark's Campanile (bell tower). The new church was burned in a rebellion in 976, rebuilt in 978 and again to form the basis of the present basilica since 1063. The basilica was consecrated in 1094, the same year in which the body of Saint Mark was supposedly rediscovered in a pillar by Vitale Falier, doge at the time. The building also incorporates a low tower (now housing St Mark’s Treasure), believed by some to have been part of the original Doge's Palace. Within the first half of the 13th century the narthex and the new façade were constructed, most of the mosaics were completed and the domes were covered with higher wooden, lead-covered domes in order to blend in with the Gothic architecture of the redesigned Doge's Palace. Doges Palace The Doges Palace (Ital. ...
Events Egbert became first King of England Alcamo was founded by the Muslim commander al-Kamuk. ...
Mark the Evangelist (מרקוס, Greek: ΜάÏκος) (1st century) is traditionally believed to be the author of the Gospel of Mark and a companion of Peter. ...
This article is about the city in Egypt. ...
The Campanile from the west The Campanile from the south St Marks Campanile is the bell tower of St Marks Basilica in Venice, located in the square (piazza) of the same name. ...
St. ...
Events Anselm of Canterbury becomes prior at Le Bec Sancho I becomes ruler of Aragon Bishopric of Olomouc is founded Births Deaths April 30 - Emperor Renzong (b. ...
// May - El Cid completes his conquest of Valencia, Spain, and begins his rule of Valencia. ...
Look up pillar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The Republic of Venice and the other states surrounding the Adriatic Sea as they existed in 1084 when Faliero became Doge. ...
The word doge (pronounced /dôdj/ in English, /do-dje/ in Italian; plural dogi or doges) is a dialectical Italian word (in standard Italian it became duce) that comes from Latin dux, meaning leader, especially military, and giving rise to the noble or princely title duke in English. ...
The narthex of a church is the entrance or lobby area. ...
West façade of the Notre-Dame de Strasbourg Cathedral A facade (or façade) is the exterior of a building – especially the front, but also sometimes the sides and rear. ...
The western facade of Reims Cathedral, France. ...
The completion While the basic structure of the building has been little altered, its decoration changed greatly over time. The succeeding centuries, especially the fourteenth, all contributed to its adornment, and seldom did a Venetian vessel return from the Orient without bringing a column, capitals, or friezes, taken from some ancient building, to add to the fabric of the basilica. Gradually, the exterior brickwork became covered with various marbles and carvings, some much older than the building itself (see Four Tetrarchs, below). The last interventions concerned Baptistery and St Isidor’s Chapel (1300s), the carvings on the upper profile of the façade and the Sacristy (1400s), the Zen Chapel (1500s). For other uses, see Column (disambiguation). ...
This article concerns places that serve as centers of government and politics. ...
Frieze of the Tower of the Winds. ...
Flemish bond. ...
Hand-made marbles from West Africa Different glass marbles from a glass-mill For other uses, see Marbles (disambiguation). ...
Carving can mean Rock carving Wood carving Meat carving Ivory carving Bone carving Skiing carving style See also: Sculpture, Lapidary This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
The key figures As a "State church", till 1807 the basilica was not subject to the bishop (patriarch since 1451), whose cathedral was San Pietro di Castello. The doge himself appointed for celebrations a special clergy led by the primicerio. The procurators’, an important organ of the Republic of Venice, were in charge of administration; their seats were the Procuratie, in St Mark’s Square. All building and restoring works were directed by the proto: great [[architects such as Jacopo Sansovino and Baldassarre Longhena had this title. Procurators and proto still exist and accomplish the same tasks for the Patriarchate. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box: This article...
For other senses, see Patriarch (disambiguation). ...
San Pietro di Castello is an island in the Venetian Lagoon, forming part of the Castello sestiere. ...
Borders of the Republic of Venice in 1796 Capital Venice Language(s) Venetian, Latin, Italian Religion Roman Catholic Government Republic Doge - 1789–97 Ludovico Manin History - Established 697 - Treaty of Zara June 27, 1358 - Treaty of Leoben April 17, 1797 * Traditionally, the establishment of the Republic is dated to 697. ...
St Marks Square showing the Procuratie Nuove on the left, the Napoleonic Wing ahead and the Procuratie Vecchie to the right. ...
Jacopo d’Antonio Sansovino (1486 - November 27, 1570) was an Italian sculptor and architect. ...
Baldassarre Longhena (Venice, 1598 – Venice, 1682), was a 17th century Venetian architect, who worked mainly in Venice itself, where he was one of the greatest exponents of Baroque architecture of the period. ...
Exterior
 San Marco di Venezia, as seen from the Piazza San Marco The exterior of the basilica is divided in three registers: lower, upper, domes. In the lower register of the façade five round-arched portals, enveloped by polychrome marble columns, open into the narthex through bronze-fashioned doors. Above the central door round three bas-relief cycles of Romanesque art. The external cycle frames a 19th century gilded mosaic (Last Judgment) that replaced a damaged one with the same subject (during the centuries many mosaics had to be replaced inside and outside the basilica, but subjects were never changed). Mosaics about St Mark relics’ stories are in the lunettes of the lateral portals; the first on the left is the only one in the façade preserved from the 13th century. In the upper register, from the top of ogee arches, statues of Theological and Cardinal Virtues, four Warrior Saints and St Mark watch over the city. Above the large central window of the façade, under St Mark, the Winged Lion (his symbol) holds the book quoting “Pax Tibi Marce Evangelista Meus” . In the lunettes of the lateral ogee arches are four gilded mosaics renewed in the 17th century. In the center of the balcony the Roman Horses face the square. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 573 pixelsFull resolution (844 × 604 pixel, file size: 364 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 573 pixelsFull resolution (844 × 604 pixel, file size: 364 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
St Peters Basilica, Rome A dome is a common structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere. ...
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Bas relief is a method of sculpting which entails carving or etching away the surface of a flat piece of stone or metal. ...
Interior of the Saint-Saturnin church St-Sernin, Toulouse, 1080 – 1120: elevation of the east end Romanesque sculpture, cloister of St. ...
For other uses, see Lunette (disambiguation). ...
For ARCH models, see autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity. ...
The three Theological Virtues listed in the Bible are: faith hope charity They are mentioned in 1 Corinthians 13:13 And now abideth faith, hope, charity, these three; but the greatest of these is charity (from the King James version) The New King James version and New International version translate...
In the Christian church, there are four cardinal virtues. ...
The Greek Horses The Horses of Saint Mark were installed on the basilica in about 1254. They date to Classical Antiquity; by some accounts they once adorned the Arch of Trajan. The horses were long displayed at the Hippodrome of Constantinople, and in 1204 Doge Enrico Dandolo sent them back to Venice as part of the loot sacked from Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade. They were brought to Paris by Napoleon in 1797 but returned to Venice in 1815. After a long restoration, since the 1990s they have been kept in St Mark’s Museum (inside the basilica). The horses now on the facade of the cathedral are bronze replicas. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 547 pixelsFull resolution (840 × 574 pixel, file size: 236 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 547 pixelsFull resolution (840 × 574 pixel, file size: 236 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
The original Horses of Saint Mark The Triumphal Quadriga or Horses of Saint Mark is a set of Roman or Greek bronze statues of four horses, originally part of a monument depicting a quadriga. ...
Classical antiquity is a broad term for a long period of cultural history centered on the Mediterranean Sea, which begins roughly with the earliest-recorded Greek poetry of Homer (7th century BC), and continues through the rise of Christianity and the fall of the Western Roman Empire (5th century AD...
This article is about the Roman Emperor. ...
The Hippodrome today, with the Walled Obelisk in the foreground Obelisk of Thutmosis III The base of the Obelisk of Thutmosis III showing Theodosius the Great as he offers a laurel wreath to the victor from the Kathisma (emperors box) at the Hippodrome The Delphi Tripod known as the...
Dandolo Preaching the Crusade, by Gustav Dore Tomb of Enrico Dandolo Enrico Dandolo (1107?-1205) was the Doge (1192-1205) of Venice during the Fourth Crusade. ...
This article is about the city before the Fall of Constantinople (1453). ...
The Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople (Eugène Delacroix, 1840). ...
For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ...
1797 (MDCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ...
"The Four Tetrarchs" As the Roman Empire began the process of disintegration, Emperor Diocletian imposed a new Imperial office structure: a four co-emperor ruling plan called "The Tetrarchy". This porphyry (purple marble) statue represents the inter-dependence of the four rulers. It was taken from Constantinople, during the Fourth Crusade in 1204, and set into the south-west corner of the basilica (the above mentioned low tower) at the level of the Piazza San Marco. The missing foot of one of the figures was discovered in Istanbul in the 1960s, where it is still on display. Statue of the Tetrarchs, St Marks Basilica, Venice (better quality image) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
Statue of the Tetrarchs, St Marks Basilica, Venice (better quality image) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1340x1072, 923 KB) Summary Self-made image, all rights waived. ...
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Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1317x1000, 772 KB) This image was copied from wikipedia:en. ...
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Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ...
The Tetrarchs, a porphyry sculpture sacked from a Byzantine palace in 1204, Treasury of St. ...
A piece of porphyry Porphyry is a variety of igneous rock consisting of large-grained crystals, such as feldspar or quartz, dispersed in a fine-grained feldspathic matrix or groundmass. ...
The Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople (Eugène Delacroix, 1840). ...
Narthex Originally, the narthex embraced the western arm of the basilica on the three sides; later the southern part was closed to obtain the Baptistery (1300s) and the Zen Chapel (1500s). The narthex prepare the visitors’ eyes to the suffused atmosphere of the gilded interior, just like the Old Testament stories represented in its mosaic ceiling prepare to the Gospel of the basilica’s. The main subjects are Genesis and the life of Noah, Abraham, Joseph, Moses. Beside the main portal remain the Evangelists, 11th century mosaics that decorated the entrance to St Mark’s even before the narthex was built. The narthex of a church is the entrance or lobby area. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 579 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (632 × 654 pixel, file size: 380 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File links Size of this preview: 579 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (632 × 654 pixel, file size: 380 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Interior The interior is based on a Greek cross, with each arm divided in three naves and emphasized by a dome of its own. This is based on Justinian's Basilica of the Apostles in Constantinople. The marble floor (1100s, but underwent many restorations) is entirely tessellated in geometric patterns and animal designs. The techniques used were opus sectile and opus tessellatum. The lower register of walls and pillars is completely covered with polychrome marble slabs. The transition between the lower and the upper register is delimited all around the basilica by passageways which largely substituted the former galleries. Opus sectile refers to an art technique popularized in Rome where materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern. ...
Roman mosaic (2nd century BC) with opus tessellatum as background. ...
For other meanings of the term, see column (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Marble (disambiguation). ...
The presbytery The eastern arm has a raised presbytery with a crypt beneath. The presbytery is separated by an iconostasis (altar screen, typical of Byzantine churches): this is formed by eight red marble columns crowned with a high Crucifix and statues by Pier Paolo e Jacobello Dalle Masegne, masterpiece of Gothic sculpture (late 14th century). On the right is the ambo from which the neo-elected doge appeared. Behind the iconostasis, marble banisters with Sansovino's bronze statues of the Evangelists and Paliari's of the Four Doctors mark the access to the high altar, which contains St Mark’s relics. Above the high altar is a canopy (“ciborio”) on columns decorated with remarkable relieves; the altarpiece is the famous Pala d'Oro (Golden Pall) [1], masterpiece of Byzantine craftsmanship, originally designed for an antependium.The choir stalls are embellished with inlaying by Fra Sebastiano Schiavone, and above them on both sides are three relieves by Sansovino. Behind the presbytery are the sacristy and a 15th century church consecrated to St Theodore (the first patron saint of Venice) where is exposed a painting (Child’s Adoration) by Giambattista Tiepolo. A presbytery can be - * the residence of one or more presbyters, priests, or religious elders; - * an area of a church or cathedral reserved for priests; - * the collective college of priests in a diocese, archdiocese, or prelature; - * the local unit in the polity of a Presbyterian church, consisting of presbyters (i. ...
Crypt is also a commonly used name of water trumpets, aquatic plants. ...
17th-century iconostasis of Prophet Elias church, Yaroslavl. ...
Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire. ...
The Western (Royal) Portal at Chartres Cathedral ( 1145). ...
Look up ambo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Look up Altar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
In the art of sculpture, a relief is an artwork where a modelled form projects out of a flat background. ...
The Annunciation Triptych is an altarpiece, ca. ...
The Pala d’Oro Development and elements of the Pala d’Oro Pala d’Oro (literally, Golden Pall) is a high altar retable of the Basilica di San Marco in Venice. ...
The altar in St. ...
Saint Theodore of Amasea (Amasenus, now Amasya, Turkey) is one of the Greek military saints of the 4th century, the earlier patron saint of Venice, now outshone there by Saint Mark, but still represented atop one of the two Byzantine columns standing in the Piazzetta of the Piazza San Marco...
The Death of Hyacinth Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (March 5, 1696 - March 27, 1770) was a Venetian painter. ...
Right transept On the right of the iconostasis is the ambo from which the neo-elected doge appeared. In the left aisle are St Clement’s chapel and the Holy Host altar. Here is the pillar where St Mark’s relics were rediscovered in 1094, as figured in the interesting mosaics of the right aisle (where is the entrance to St Mark’s Treasure). Look up ambo in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Clement of Alexandria (Titus Flavius Clemens), was the first member of the Church of Alexandria to be more than a name, and one of its most distinguished teachers. ...
Left transept On the left of the iconostasis is the ambo for the Holy Scripture reading; on the right aisle are St Peter’s chapel and the Madonna Nicopeia, a venerated Byzantine icon. On the northern side are St Isidor’s chapel and the Mascoli chapel. According to tradition, Peter was crucified upside-down, as shown in this painting by Caravaggio. ...
Mosaic The upper order of the interior is completely covered with bright mosaics containing gold, bronze, and the greatest variety of stones. The decorated surface is on the whole about 8000 m2. In the most ancient works, both Byzantine and Gothic influences can be recognized, as for example in the Saints from the 11th century between the windows of the apse. In the vault above is a mosaic with Christ Pantocrator. From the apse towards the entrance (from east to west) one can contemplate the history of Salvation in the domes: the Prophets, the Ascension and the Pentecost (Whitsun). The domes over the transept are called St John’s (stories of St John the Evangelist) and St Leonard’s (with other saints). In the vaults between the domes are represented episodes of Jesus’ life. As mentioned above, restorations and replacements were often necessary thereafter, and great painters such as Paolo Uccello, Andrea del Castagno, the Veronese), Jacopo Tintoretto and his son Domenico took part drawing the cartoons. Tiziano and the Padovanino prepared the cartoons for the sacristy, built in the late 1400s. Other remarkable mosaics decorate the Baptistery, the Mascoli Chapel, St Isidor Chapel and the Zen Chapel. This article is about a decorative art. ...
For other uses, see Pantokrator (disambiguation). ...
Categories: Saints | Ancient Roman Christianity | Christianity-related stubs ...
Paolo Uccello (born Paolo di Dono, 1397 – December 10, 1475) was an Italian painter who was notable for his pioneering work on visual perspective in art. ...
Our Lady of the Assumption with Sts Miniato and Julian (1450) Panel, 150 x 158 cm Staatliche Museen, Berlin Andrea del Castagno (c. ...
The Feast in the House of Levi (1573), one of the largest canvases of the 16th century. ...
Tintoretto (real name Jacopo Comin; September 29, 1518 - May 31, 1594) was one of the greatest painters of the Venetian school and probably the last great painter of the Italian Renaissance. ...
Titian. ...
Music at St Mark’s The spacious interior of the building with its multiple choir lofts was the inspiration for the development of a Venetian polychoral style among the composers appointed maestro di cappella at St Mark's. Most notable were the organists and composers Andrea Gabrieli and his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli. The composers Adrian Willaert and Claudio Monteverdi are also associated with the basilica; the former in particular was the driving force behind the rise in musical standards at St. Mark's. The Venetian polychoral style was a type of music of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras which involved spatially separate choirs singing in alternation. ...
Kapellmeister (Ka*pellmeis`ter), is a German word designating a person in charge of music-making. ...
Andrea Gabrieli (c. ...
Giovanni Gabrieli Giovanni Gabrieli (c. ...
Adrian Willaert (c. ...
This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: St Mark's Basilica Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
References - Guida d’Italia del Touring Club Italiano – Venezia. 3° ed
- M. Da Villa Urbani. La Basilica di San Marco. 2001, Storti Edizioni, Venezia.
- S. Vianello (a cura di) Le chiese di Venezia. Electa, 1993
See also Mark the Evangelist (מרקוס, Greek: ΜάÏκος) (1st century) is traditionally believed to be the author of the Gospel of Mark and a companion of Peter. ...
The Campanile from the west The Campanile from the south St Marks Campanile is the bell tower of St Marks Basilica in Venice, located in the square (piazza) of the same name. ...
The Pala d’Oro Development and elements of the Pala d’Oro Pala d’Oro (literally, Golden Pall) is a high altar retable of the Basilica di San Marco in Venice. ...
External links - Cathedral of San Marco, Venice
- (Italian)San Marco Museum
- [http://maps.google.com/maps?q=venice,+italy&ll=45.434486,12.339320&spn=0.003004,0.010274&t=k&hl=en Satellite image from
Google Maps]
Coordinates: 45.4345° N 12.3396° E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...
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