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Encyclopedia > St. Joseph, Michigan
St. Joseph, Michigan
Location of St. Joseph, Michigan
Coordinates: 42°5′53″N 86°29′3″W / 42.09806, -86.48417
Country United States
State Michigan
County Berrien
Area
 - Total 6.0 sq mi (15.5 km²)
 - Land 3.4 sq mi (8.9 km²)
 - Water 2.5 sq mi (6.6 km²)
Elevation 630 ft (192 m)
Population (2000)
 - Total 8,789
 - Density 2,561.3/sq mi (988.9/km²)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 - Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
FIPS code 26-70960GR2
GNIS feature ID 0636762GR3
Aerial view of the harbor at St. Joseph, Michigan. The St. Joseph River flows into Lake Michigan through the city.
Aerial view of the harbor at St. Joseph, Michigan. The St. Joseph River flows into Lake Michigan through the city.

St. Joseph is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It was incorporated as a village in 1834 and as a city in 1891. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 8,789. It lies on the shore of Lake Michigan, at the mouth of the St. Joseph River, about 60 miles due east of Chicago. It is the county seat of Berrien County6. St. Joseph is the site of the Venetian Festival, an event that draws thousands annually to its shores. It is also home of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Image File history File links Berrien_County_Michigan_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_St. ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      The political units and divisions of the United States include: The 50 states... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Map of Michigans counties The boundaries of counties in the U.S. state of Michigan have not changed since 1897. ... Berrien County is a county located in the extreme southwest of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Metronome, a public art installation showing the time in New York City The Eastern Time Zone (ET) of the Western Hemisphere falls mostly along the east coast of Northern America and the west coast of South America. ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the U.S. Federal government for use by all (non-military) government agencies and by government contractors. ... GNIS (The Geographic Names Information System) contains name and locative information about almost two million physical and cultural features located throughout the United States of America and its Territories. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 558 pixels Full resolution (1500 × 1047 pixel, file size: 618 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): St. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 558 pixels Full resolution (1500 × 1047 pixel, file size: 618 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): St. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the U.S. State. ... The United States Census of year 2000, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. ... Saint Joe River flowing west from Elkhart (top) through Osceola (middle) and into Mishawaka (bottom). ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 606. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Berrien County is a county located in the extreme southwest of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... The following is a list of sources used in the creation of encyclopedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. ... Venetian festivals are held in cities in Europe and North America. ... The American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) was founded in 1907 and is based in St. ...


St. Joseph and Benton Harbor are locally collectively known as the "Twin Cities." Benton Harbor is a city in Berrien County in the U.S. State of Michigan. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Contents

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.5 km² (6[[.]]0 mi²). 8.9 km² (3.4 mi²) of it is land and 6.6 km² (2.5 mi²) of it (42.64%) is water. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...


Demographics

As of the census2 of 2000, there were 8,789 people, 4,117 households, and 2,058 families residing in the city. The population density was 989.3/km² (2,561.3/mi²). There were 4,594 housing units at an average density of 517.1/km² (1,338.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.31% White, 5.11% African American, 0.41% Native American, 2.39% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.46% from other races, and 1.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.29% of the population. Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ... The following is a list of sources used in the creation of encyclopedia articles on various geographic topics and locations, such as cities, counties, states, and countries. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...


There were 4,117 households out of which 22.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.6% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.0% were non-families. 44.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.99 and the average family size was 2.77. Matrimony redirects here. ...


In the city the population was spread out with 19.0% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.


The median income for a household in the city was $37,032, and the median income for a family was $51,328. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $26,395 for females. The per capita income for the city was $24,949. About 4.3% of families and 6.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.1% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...


The demographics of St. Joseph contrast sharply with those across the river in Benton Harbor.

White Black Household Income
St. Joseph 90.31% 5.11% $37,032
Benton Harbor 5.49% 92.40% $17,471

History

Downtown St. Joseph, May 2007

The mouth of the Saint Joseph river at present day Saint Joseph, Michigan, was an important point of Amerindian travel and commerce, as it lay along a key water route between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River. Both the Miami and Potawatami used this route and would use the area as a camp.[1]. The St. Joseph river also allowed for connection with the Sauk Trail the major land trail through Michigan. In 1669, the mouth of the river was discovered by European explorers. French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle built Fort Miami (Michigan) on the bluff over looking Lake Michigan.[2]. There in 1679, he waited for the ship Le Griffon which never returned. Once the ship was deemed lost, LaSalle with his men made the first land crossing of the lower peninsula by Europeans. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 466 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Downtown St. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 466 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Downtown St. ... The Miami are a Native American tribe originally found in Indiana and Ohio, and now living also in Oklahoma. ... Engraving of Cavelier de La Salle A later engraving of Robert de LaSalle Memorial Plaque to de La Salle in Rouen René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, or Robert de LaSalle (November 22, 1643 – March 19, 1687) was a French explorer. ... Fort Miami was a fort on the bank of the St. ... Built by René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, Le Griffon is considered to have been the first actual ship on the Upper Great Lakes. ...


The next permanent white settler in St. Joseph was William Burnett who around 1780 started a trading post. The post traded food, furs and goods with places including Detroit, Mackinac and Chicago.[3]. St. Joseph was originally platted in 1829 as the village of Newburyport, named after a coastal city in Massachusetts. The St. Joseph river which has its mouth in St. Joseph was straightened through a channel and piers were added later. The first light house in St. Joseph battles Chicago's original lighthouse as the first light house built on Lake Michigan. Newburyport changed its name to St. Joseph when it was incorporated in 1834.[4] Newburyport is a small coastal city in Essex County, Massachusetts, 38 miles (61 km) northeast of Boston. ...


The first route across Lake Michigan from St. Joseph to Chicago began as a mail route in 1825. Sporadic service to and from St. Joseph continued until 1842 when Samuel and Eber Ward began a permanent service. That lasted eleven years. Before the rise of large ship companies on Lake Michigan, service was done primarily by owner operated boats. With the rise in shipping in Benton Harbor and the rise in tourism in St. Joseph, permanent and larger operations began operating out of the ports.[5]


Augustus M. Herring, a newcomer to St. Joseph, had spent several years experimenting with gliders and compressed air engines. On October 11, 1898, Herring took one of his gliders, fitted with a motor, to Silver Beach. To the amazement of the gathered crowd, Herring’s machine lifted ever so slightly off the ground and actually flew for seven seconds. Eleven days later, the inventor made another flight of ten seconds. While Herring had a powered heavier-than-air craft, he did not have a way to control it. It was left to the Wright brothers to perfect controlled flight five years later, and give themselves and Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, a place in history that could have belonged to Herring and St. Joseph.


Transportation

Two major businesses operated lines to and from Chicago, the Goodrich Transportation company and the local firm of Graham and Morton. They dominated the traffic at St. Joseph for more than 100 years but other smaller firms continued to operate. Goodrich had a steamer named St. Joseph which was built in 1867. There were several ships built later named after the city, including two named City of St. Joseph. A major local captain was Nelson Napier.[6]


Starting in 1874, Henry Graham and J. Stanley Morton began operating a steam line out of St. Joseph. Their collaboration would become the Graham and Morton Transportation Company. Through vigorous competition, they won the war to become the major carrier out of St. Joseph. Goodrich stopped service to the Twin Cities in 1880. The company grew fast and over the fifty plus years of its existence became the second largest line on Lake Michigan behind only Goodrich.[7]


In 1924 G & M merged with Goodrich. Like most other ports along Lake Michigan, St. Joseph saw a huge drop in traffic during the early years of the twentieth century and the depression caused even more financial problems for Goodrich and the independent operators. The route between Chicago and St. Joseph was a stalwart and survived longer than most other routes lasting until the 50s.[8]


On Jan. 29th, 1870 the Chicago & Michigan Lake Shore Railroad extended a badly needed rail line from New Buffalo to St. Joe. Through this railroad, St. Joe was connected to Grand Rapids, Muskegon, Detroit and Chicago. Before this railroad, the only connection St. Joseph had was by water. The line was reorganized as the Chicago & West Michigan RR and then was incorporated into the Pere Marquette Railroad. New Buffalo is a city in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Grand Rapids is the name of several places in the United States of America: Grand Rapids, Michigan Grand Rapids, Minnesota Grand Rapids, Ohio Grand Rapids, Wisconsin is the former name of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Grand Rapids is also the name of a town in Canada: Grand Rapids, Manitoba. ... Muskegon is a city located in Muskegon County, Michigan. ... Motto: Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cineribus (We Hope For Better Things; It Shall Rise From the Ashes - this motto was adopted after the disastrous 1805 fire that devastated the city) Nickname: The Motor City and Motown Location in Wayne County, Michigan Founded Incorporated July 24, 1701 1815  County Wayne County Mayor... Nickname: Motto: Urbs in Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location in the Chicago metro area and Illinois Coordinates: , Country State Counties Cook, DuPage Settled 1770s Incorporated March 4, 1837 Government  - Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Area  - City 234. ... The Pere Marquette Railroad (AAR reporting mark: PM) was a railroad that operated in the Great Lakes region of the United States. ...


County seat

After a bitterly fought political contest, St. Joseph was named the seat of Berrien County in 1894. The three largest towns in the county all wanted to be the county seat, Benton Harbor, St. Joseph and Niles. None of the towns had the votes to win by themselves. Once St. Joseph and Benton Harbor voters combined their votes, St. Joseph won over Niles. Berrien may refer to: Berrien County, Georgia Berrien County, Michigan This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Benton Harbor is a city located in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Saint Joseph, also referred to as Joseph the Betrothed and as Joseph of Nazareth, was the foster-father of Jesus, according to the New Testament (Matthew 1:16; Luke 3:23). ... Niles may refer to: a place in the United States of America: Niles, California Niles, Illinois Niles, Michigan Niles, New York Niles, Ohio Niles Crane is a character in the US television series Frasier. ... Benton Harbor is a city located in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Niles may refer to: a place in the United States of America: Niles, California Niles, Illinois Niles, Michigan Niles, New York Niles, Ohio Niles Crane is a character in the US television series Frasier. ...


Business and industry

In 1911, Louis, Emory, and Frederick Upton began a business that produced household washing machines. The business soon became a boom and has continued to grow to this day. In 1929, Upton Machine Company merged with Nineteen Hundred Corp taking the later name. The company began marketing a line of appliances known as the Whirlpool brand in 1948. Within the next decade, Nineteen Hundred changed its name to Whirlpool. Today, Whirlpool is the largest manufacturer of major home appliances and maintains a large presence in St. Joseph and nearby Benton Harbor. Whirlpool has its world headquarters outside Benton Harbor. [9]. This article is about the water movement. ... This article is about the water movement. ... This article is about the water movement. ... Benton Harbor is a city located in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... This article is about the water movement. ... Benton Harbor is a city located in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...


In 1891 the Silver Beach Amusement Park was opened on land between the lake and mouth of the river in St. Joseph. Logan Drake and Louis Wallace bought the land from the Pere Marquette Railroad and added cottages to lure tourists to the lake front. As the park aged and grew in popularity, the pair added many attractions, including concessions, games, pool, a boardwalk and different rides. The first roller coaster was built in 1904 and was called the Chase Through the Clouds which was replaced by the Velvet roller coaster (renamed the Comet). One of the most popular attractions was the carousel and the Shadowland Ballroom, built in 1927. During the 1960s and 1970s, the buildings decayed and the crowds decreased. Finally, crime in the park caused it to be shut down by police in 1970.[10]. The Pere Marquette Railroad (AAR reporting mark: PM) was a railroad that operated in the Great Lakes region of the United States. ...


Government

City government is organized as a council-manager government. There is a city commission with five members, who are elected at large. City elections are held in November of even-numbered years; at each election, three commission seats become open. The two candidates receiving the greatest number of votes receive four-year terms, while the candidate receiving the third-greatest number of votes receives a two-year term. At the first meeting following each election, the commission selects from its own number a mayor and mayor pro tem for the following two years. The city commission is a part-time body, typically meeting twice each month to act as a legislative body and set general policies. Day to day operations are delegated to a contracted [[city manager]by the name of Frank Walsh The council-manager government is one of two main variations of representative municipal government in the United States. ...


Major city facilities include the City Hall and Police Station at 700 Broad Street; the Department of Public Services at 1160 Broad Street; the Fire Department at 915 Broad Street; the Maud Preston Palenske Public Library at 500 Market Street; the John and Dede Howard Ice Arena at 2414 Willa Drive; the Water Treatment Plant at 1701 Lions Park Drive; and Riverview Cemetery at 2525 Niles Road.


The city Water Treatment Plant provides drinking water to the communities of the Lake Michigan Shoreline Water and Sewage Treatment Authority, which serves Lincoln Charter Township, Royalton Township, St. Joseph Charter Township west of the St. Joseph River, and the villages of Shoreham and Stevensville. Wastewater treatment is provided through the Joint Wastewater Treatment Plant, which is jointly owned by the cities of St. Joseph and Benton Harbor, and which also serves the LMSWSTA communities, Benton Charter Township, and portions of Sodus Township. Benton Harbor is a city in Berrien County in the U.S. State of Michigan. ...

Current City Commission
Name Title Year First Elected
Robert Judd Mayor 1997
Michael Garey Mayor pro tem 1999
Jeffery Richards 1984
Mary Goff 1986 (a)
Fran Chickering 2007 (b)

a- was appointed in 1986 b- two year term


Education

  • St. Joseph High School (Bears)
  • Lake Michigan Catholic (Lakers)
  • Lake Michigan College
  • Trinity Lutheran School (Kingsmen)
  • Michigan Lutheran High School (Titans)
  • Grace Lutheran School (Hornets)

Transportation

  • The St. Joseph Harbor is a commercial port that receives bulk goods from lake freighter. St. Joseph has two docks within city limits and another dock is located in Benton Harbor. Due to limitations on the depth of the port and lack of dredging funding, the harbor is experiencing a down trend in the amount of tonnage. The 2005 numbers for the port are:[11]
2005 Shipping Report
Shipper Good Number of Vessels Tonnage
Consumers Limestone, sand and slag 22 194,629
Dock 63 Limestone, stone and sand 6 112,178
Lafarge Bulk Cement 33 225,385
Total 63 532,192


Previous year tonnage includes: Parking Yes; free Baggage check No Other information Code SJM Traffic Passengers (2006) 8,247 0. ... The ill-fated SS Edmund Fitzgerald, built in the classic dual superstructure style with her wheelhouse up near the bow. ... Benton Harbor is a city located in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Lafarge (Euronext: LG, NYSE: LR) is a French industrial company specializing in five major products: Cement, construction aggregates, concrete, gypsum wallboard, and roofing tile. ...

Past Tonnage
Year Vessels Tonnage
2000 69 770,189
2001 87 1,118,964
2002 82 665,917
2003 90 794,572
2004 85 767,975

St. Joseph in Pop Culture

The book The Other Side of the River by Alex Kotlowitz documents the death of an African American teenage boy through the eyes of locals in Benton Harbor and St. Joseph. The book delves into race relations between the two cities. Benton Harbor is a city located in Berrien County in the U.S. state of Michigan. ...


The controversial book A Million Little Pieces takes place in part in and around the city of St. Joseph. Many of the disputed parts took place in the area. James Frey went to St. Joseph High School. Some members of the area including local police helped to show that the book was not a complete factual recount but partly a fictional retelling of events. A Million Little Pieces is a partially-fabricated[1] memoir by James Frey. ...


External links

Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

References

  1. ^ French and Indian Footprints, [1]
  2. ^ Tour of St. Joseph, [2]
  3. ^ History of Saint Joseph, Michigan History Magazine, http://www.michiganhistorymagazine.com/extra/swmich/stjoehistory.pdf
  4. ^ History of Saint Joseph, Michigan History Magazine, http://www.michiganhistorymagazine.com/extra/swmich/stjoehistory.pdf
  5. ^ Lake Michigan Passenger Steamers, Hilton, George
  6. ^ Lake Michigan Passenger Steamers, Hilton, George
  7. ^ Lake Michigan Passenger Steamers, Hilton, George
  8. ^ Lake Michigan Passenger Steamers, Hilton, George
  9. ^ Whirlpool History, [3]
  10. ^ Silver Beach Amusement Park Overview, [4]
  11. ^ Harbor Report, City of St. Joseph. [5]


 

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