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Stadiametric rangefinding, or the stadia method is a technique of measuring distances with a telescopic instrument. The term stadia comes from a Greek unit of length. Stadiametric rangefinding is used for surveying and in the telescopic sights of firearms, artillery pieces, or tank guns, as well as some binoculars and other optics. It is still used in some light equipment, but in many professional applications it has been replaced with microwave, infrared, or laser range-finding methods. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Ancient Greek weights and measures - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Surveyor at work with a leveling instrument. ... View through a 4x rifle scope A telescopic sight, commonly referred to as a scope, is a device used to give an accurate point of aim for a firearm. ... A Glock 22 hand-held firearm with internal laser sight and mounted flashlight, surrounded by hollowpoint ammunition. ... Artillery with Gabion fortification Cannons on display at Fort Point Continental Artillery crew from the American Revolution Firing of an 18-pound gun, Louis-Philippe Crepin, (1772 – 1851) A forge-welded Iron Cannon in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. ... A M1 Abrams firing. ... Porro-prism binoculars with central focusing Binocular telescopes, or binoculars, (also known as field glasses) are two identical or mirror-symmetrical telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point accurately in the same direction, allowing the viewer to use both eyes (binocular vision) when viewing distant objects. ... This article is about the type of Electromagnetic radiation. ... For other uses, see Infrared (disambiguation). ... A laser range-finder is a device which uses a laser beam in order to determine the distance to a reflective object. ... [edit] Principle Targeting reticule of the M67 recoilless rifle. Antitank weapons of the 1940–70s used stadiametric range estimation based on the average sizes of armoured fighting vehicles The stadia method is based upon the principle that in similar triangles homologous sides are proportional. This means that, for a right triangle with a given angle, the ratio of adjacent side length to opposite side length (see sine) is constant. By using a reticle with marks of a known angular spacing then the the principle of similar triangles can be used to either find the distance to objects of known size, or the size of objects at a known distance. In either case, the known parameter is used, in conjunction with the angular measurement, to derive the length of the other side. The M67 recoilless rifle was a lightweight, portable, crew-served 90mm weapon intended primarily as an anti-tank weapon made in the United States by the department of the U.S. army. ... Anti-tank, or simply AT, refers to any method of combating military armored fighting vehicles, notably tanks. ... An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, protected by armour and armed with weapons. ... For alternate meanings, such as the musical instrument, see triangle (disambiguation). ... In mathematics, the trigonometric functions are functions of an angle, important when studying triangles and modeling periodic phenomena. ... As used in photolithography, a photomask is typically an optically transparent fused quartz blank imprinted with a pattern defined with chrome metal. ... Since a radian is defined as the angle formed when the length of a circular arc equals the radius of the circle, a milliradian, or mil, is the angle formed when the length of a circular arc equals 1/1000 of the radius of the circle. An object 5 meters high, for example, will cover one mil at 5000 meters, or five mils at 1000 meters, or 25 mils at 200 meters. Since the radian expresses a ratio, it is independent of the units used; an object 6 feet high covering one mil will be 6000 feet distant. [edit] Surveying Stadia readings, used in surveying, can be taken with today’s modern instruments such as transits, theodolites, and levels. When using the stadia measuring method, a leveling rod (or stadia rod) is held so that it appears between two stadia lines visible on the instrument's reticle. The stadia rod has measurements written on it that can be read through the magnified optics of the transit, providing a known size for the distance calculations. A surveying transit is a simple, rugged theodolite, often equipped with a compass. ... An optical theodolite, manufactured in the Soviet Union in 1958 and used for topographic surveying. ... A Measuring rod is a kind of ruler. ... A transit or level equipped for stadia work has two additional horizontal cross wires spaced equidistant from the center of the telescope. The interval between stadia wires in most stadia instruments gives a vertical ratio of 1:100. The distance to a rod can be read directly simply by multiplying the rod measurement between the stadia hairs by 100. This system is sufficiently precise for locating topographic details such as rivers, bridges, buildings, and roads to a reasonable accuracy. The stadia method is good when accuracy of 1/400 is acceptable. In a transit there are three horizontal wires and one vertical wire. The center horizontal wire is used for normal sights, and the top and bottom wires are the stadia lines. The principle is relatively simple, at a distance of 100 feet the difference between the top and bottom wires on the rod is 1 foot. The transit or level must be horizontal for this formula to work; more complicated formulas are used to obtain the equivalent horizontal and vertical distance components for sight lines inclined to the horizontal. The stadia method of distance measurement is historical for surveying purposes, as distance nowadays is invariably measured by electronic or taping methods. Total station instruments do not have stadia lines marked on the reticle. A total station is an optical instrument used in modern surveying. ... [edit] External links The Stadia "Technique of Fire", Ch. 5 of US Army FM 23-11: 90mm Recoilless Rifle, M67 — demonstrates stadiametric rangefinding in an anti-tank weapon sight Category: Measuring instruments

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