The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) is a United States Department of Energy National Laboratory operated by Stanford University under the programmatic direction of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SLAC research program centers on experimental and theoretical research in elementary particle physics using electron beams and a broad program of research in atomic and solid state physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine using synchrotron radiation.^[1] The 3.2 kilometer (2.0 mile) long underground accelerator is the longest linear accelerator in the world, and is claimed to be "the world's straightest object."^[2] SLAC's meeting facilities provided a venue for the homebrew computer club and other pioneers of the 1980s home computer revolution, and later SLAC hosted the first webpage in the U.S. The above-ground klystron gallery atop the beamline is the longest building in the United States. Download high resolution version (5900x1480, 1920 KB)Stanford Linear Accelerator, shown in an aerial digital orthoimage. ... The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is a Cabinet-level department of the United States government responsible for energy policy and nuclear safety. ... Stanford redirects here. ... The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is a Cabinet-level department of the United States government responsible for energy policy and nuclear safety. ... In the scientific method, an experiment (Latin: ex-+-periri, of (or from) trying), is a set of actions and observations, performed in the context of solving a particular problem or question, to support or falsify a hypothesis or research concerning phenomena. ... In mathematics, theory is used informally to refer to a body of knowledge about mathematics. ... In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle not known to have substructure; that is, it is not made up of smaller particles. ... A charged particle beam is a group of electrically charged particles that have approximately the same kinetic energy and move in approximately the same direction. ... Atomic physics (or atom physics) is the field of physics that studies atoms as isolated systems comprised of electrons and an atomic nucleus. ... Solid-state physics, the largest branch of condensed matter physics, is the study of rigid matter, or solids. ... Chemistry (from Greek χημεία khemeia[1] meaning alchemy) is the science of matter at the atomic to molecular scale, dealing primarily with collections of atoms, such as molecules, crystals, and metals. ... Biology (from Greek βίος λόγος, see below) is the branch of science dealing with the study of living organisms. ... Synchrotron radiation is electromagnetic radiation, similar to cyclotron radiation, but generated by the acceleration of ultrarelativistic (i. ... A 1960s single stage 2 MeV linear Van de Graaff accelerator, here opened for maintenance A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electrically charged particles to high speeds and magnetic fields to contain them. ... A Linear particle accelerator is an electrical device for the acceleration of subatomic particles. ... The Homebrew Computer Club was an early computer hobbyist club in Silicon Valley, which met (under that name) from March 1975 to roughly 1977. ... TRS-80 Color Computer II The home computer is a consumer-friendly word for the second generation of microcomputers (the technical term that was previously used), entering the market in 1977 and becoming common during the 1980s. ... A webpage or web page is a page of the World Wide Web, usually in HTML/XHTML format (the file extensions are typically htm or html) and with hypertext links to enable navigation from one page or section to another. ... Reflex klystron Type 2K25 or 723 A/B. The threaded adjustment rod on the right side allows the position of the reflector to be adjusted (by compressing the reflex cavity), and thus the natural resonant frequency of the device. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

• Watch the music video of a parody written about SLAC, "Takin' Care of Business at SLAC" as performed by Ryan Auer at SLAC's Family Day 9/16/2006

History

Founded in 1962, the facility is located on 426 acres of Stanford University-owned land on Sand Hill Road in Menlo Park, California—just west from the University's main campus. The main accelerator, a 3.2 kilometer long RF linear accelerator which can accelerate electrons and positrons up to 50 GeV, has been operational since 1966. It is buried 10 metres (30 feet) below ground and passes underneath Interstate 280. As of 2005, SLAC employs over 1,000 people, some 150 of which are physicists with doctorate degrees, and serves over 3,000 visiting researchers yearly, operating particle accelerators for high-energy physics and the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) for synchrotron light radiation research.^[1] Stanford redirects here. ... The Sand Hill Road freeway exit. ... Menlo Park is a city in San Mateo County, California in the United States of America. ... A particle accelerator uses electric fields to propel charged particles to great energies. ... The Electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries an electric charge. ... The first detection of the positron in 1932 by Carl D. Anderson The positron is the antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron. ... A GEV (or Ground Effect Vehicle) is vehicle that takes advantage of the aerodynamic principle of ground effect (or Wing-in-ground). ... JUNCTION POSTMILE US-101 SCL 0. ... ... A doctorate is an academic degree of the highest level. ... A 1960s single stage 2 MeV linear Van de Graaff accelerator, here opened for maintenance A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electrically charged particles to high speeds and magnetic fields to contain them. ... Particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the elementary constituents of matter and radiation, and the interactions between them. ... The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a division of Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, is operated by Stanford University for the Department of Energy. ... Synchrotron radiation emerging from a beam port. ...

SLAC 3 kilometer (1.9 mile) long Klystron Gallery above the beam line Accelerator

Research at SLAC has produced three Nobel Prizes in Physics: Image File history File links SLACKlysGallery. ... Image File history File links SLACKlysGallery. ... In particle physics, a beamline is the line along which a beam of particles travels through, or when projected from, a particle accelerator. ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ...

• 1976 - The Charm Quark — see J/Ψ particle ^[3]
• 1990 - Quark structure inside Protons and Neutrons ^[4]
• 1995 - The tau lepton ^[5]

Also, SSRL was "indispensable" in the research leading to the 2006 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. ^[6] These are the 6 quarks and their most likely decay modes. ... Properties Spark-chamber trace of a ψ to J/ψ decay at SLAC The J/ψ is a subatomic particle, namely a flavor-neutral meson consisting of a charm quark and a charm anti-quark. ... These are the 6 quarks and their most likely decay modes. ... Properties [1][2] In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The tau lepton (often called the tau or occasionally the tauon) is a negatively charged elementary particle with a lifetime of 3×10−13 seconds and a high mass of 1777 MeV (compared to 939 MeV for protons and 0. ... The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a division of Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, is operated by Stanford University for the Department of Energy. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ...

In the early-to-mid 90's, the Stanford Linear Collider or SLC, investigated the properties of the Z boson using the SLAC Large Detector. The Stanford Linear Collider was a linear accelerator that collided electrons and positrons at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. ... In physics, the W and Z bosons are the elementary particles that mediate the weak nuclear force. ...

PEP-II and SSRL

Since 1998 SLAC has been providing electron-positron collisions to the 2.2km dual storage rings for the BaBar Experiment in order to study charge-parity symmetry. The laboratory is the site of a number of National User Facilities, including the B-Factory. PEP-II is used in conjunction with the BaBar detector located at interaction area (IR2), or twelve o'clock from the LINAC. The Electron is a fundamental subatomic particle that carries an electric charge. ... The first detection of the positron in 1932 by Carl D. Anderson The positron is the antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron. ... The BaBar (B and B-bar) experiment is an international collaboration of more than 550 physicists and engineers investigating CP-violation effects using the BaBar particle detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, which is operated by Stanford University in California. ... CP-symmetry is a symmetry obtained by a combination of the C-symmetry and the P-symmetry. ... A B-Factory is a machine created by particle physicists to produce large numbers of B mesons. ...

SSRL is a synchrotron light user facility located on the SLAC campus. Previously the ring in which the J/Psi particle was discovered, it is now used exclusively for synchrotron light experiments.

Injectors

(PEP-II) uses the main LINAC injector while the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory or (SSRL) SPEAR3 has its own independent injector for research. In the mid to late 1980's funding became available to add the SPEAR injector to cutoff parasitic dependency from the main LINAC. The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, a division of Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, is operated by Stanford University for the Department of Energy. ... A parasite is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life in or on the living tissue of a host organism and which causes harm to the host without immediately killing it. ...

Other Discoveries

• SLAC has also been instrumental in the development of the klystron, a high-power microwave amplification tube.
• There was a Paleoparadoxia found at the SLAC site, and its skeleton can be seen at a small museum there in the Breezeway.^[7]

Reflex klystron Type 2K25 or 723 A/B. The threaded adjustment rod on the right side allows the position of the reflector to be adjusted (by compressing the reflex cavity), and thus the natural resonant frequency of the device. ... Microwaves are electromagnetic waves with wavelengths longer than those of terahertz (THz) wavelengths, but relatively short for radio waves. ... Binomial name Paleoparadoxia tabatai Tokunaga, 1939 Paleoparadoxia[1] is a genus of large, herbivorous marine mammals that inhabited the northern Pacific coastal region during the Miocene epoch (20 to 10 million years ago). ...

See also

• Accelerator physics
• Beamline
• Cyclotron
• Dipole magnet
• Electromagnetism
• Particle beam
• Particle physics
• List of particles
• Quadrupole magnet
• Spallation Neutron Source
• Wolfgang Panofsky (1961-84, SLAC Director; Professor, Stanford University)

Accelerator physics deals with the problems of building and operating particle accelerators. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... A pair of Dee electrodes with loops of coolant pipes on their surface at the Lawrence Hall of Science. ... A dipole magnet, in particle accelerators, is a magnet constructed to create a homogeneous magnetic field over some distance. ... Electromagnetism is the force observed as static electricity, and causes the flow of electric charge (electric current) in electrical conductors. ... In order to create a particle beam one must have a section called an ion source in which the beam is created by exciting electrons. ... Particles explode from the collision point of two relativistic (100 GeV per nucleon) gold ions in the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. ... This is a list of particles in particle physics, including currently known and hypothetical elementary particles, as well as the composite particles that can be built up from them. ... Quadrapole magnets sometimes called correctors, are designed to create a magnetic field whose magnitude grows linearly with the radial distance from its longitudinal axis, which is usually centered on and parallel to the main motion of the charged particles. ... April 2005 aerial photo of the SNS site, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source being built in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). ... Photograph of Wolfgang Panofsky. ...

References

1. ^ ^{a b} U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Review of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Integrated Safety Management System: Final Report. Washington: GPO, October 2005. p. 1.
2. ^ Saracevic, Alan T. "Silicon Valley: It's where brains meet bucks." San Francisco Chronicle 23 October 2005. p J2. Accessed 24 October 2005.
3. ^ Nobel Prize in Physics 1976. Half prize awarded to Burton Richter.
4. ^ Nobel Prize in Physics 1990 Award split between Jerome I. Friedman, Henry W. Kendall, and Richard E. Taylor.
5. ^ Nobel Prize in Physics 1995 Half prize awarded to Martin L. Perl.
6. ^ 2006 Nobel Prize in Chemistry : Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory at SLAC Contributes
7. ^ Stanford's SLAC Paleoparadoxia much thanks to Adele Panofsky, Dr. Panofsky's wife, for her reassembly of the bones of the Paleoparadoxia uncovered at SLAC.

• Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Official webpage
• Early Stanford linear accelerators

GPO can refer to: General Post Office General Post Office (Dublin) General Post Office, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Generalplan Ost Green Party of Ontario Group Policy Object, a mechanism in Microsofts Active Directory used to apply policies to directory objects. ... The San Francisco Chronicle, the self-described Voice of the West, is Northern Californias largest newspaper. ... October 23 is the 296th day of the year (297th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Burton Richter (Born March 22, 1931) is a Nobel Prize-winning American physicist. ... Jerome Isaac Friedman (born 1930) is a U.S. physicist. ... Henry W. Kendall (December 9, 1926 – February 15, 1999) was born in Boston, Massachusetts. ... Richard E. Taylor Professor Richard E. Taylor, CC , FRS , FRSC , Ph. ... Martin Lewis Perl (b. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

• Early images of SLAC during construction
• SLAC beamlines over time
• SLAC Virtual Visitors Center - including science, history, photos and more about SLAC
• Dr. Wolfgang K. H. "Pief" Panofsky SLAC Director 1961-1984.
• Einstein's Big Idea (NOVA program includes SLAC footage.)

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

United States Department of Energy National Laboratory System
Albany • Ames • Argonne • Berkeley • Brookhaven • Fermilab • Idaho • Livermore • Los Alamos • NBL • NETL • NREL • Oak Ridge • Pacific Northwest • PPPL • RESL • Sandia • SLAC • SNS • TJNAF