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Stephen J. Barrett, M.D. (born 1933), is a retired American psychiatrist and author best known as the founder of the National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) and the webmaster of Quackwatch. Barrett runs 22 websites dealing with what he considers to be "quackery and health fraud." He says that he bases his writings on consumer protection, medical ethics, and scientific skepticism. Barrett's critics have accused him of bias, lack of objectivity, and lacking the expert qualifications he claims. He has brought several lawsuits against his critics, claiming defamation, with mixed outcomes. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Psychiatry is a branch of medicine that studies and treats mental and emotional disorders (see mental illness). ... Cosette Dwyer is an amazing author. ... The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) is a voluntary private nonprofit health agency that focuses on health misinformation, fraud, and quackery related to public health problems. ... Quackwatch Inc. ... Pietro Longhi: The Charlatan, 1757 Quackery is a derogatory term used to describe questionable medical practices. ... Consumer protection is a form of government regulation which protects the interests of consumers. ... Medical ethics is the study of moral values as they apply to medicine. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Biography

Barrett is a 1957 graduate of the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and completed his psychiatry residency in 1961. He was a licensed physician until retiring from active practice in 1993, and his medical license is currently listed as "Active-Retired" in good standing.^[2] Barrett resides in Allentown, Pennsylvania. He has said that his appreciation of medical science probably began with a college course in medical statistics, from which he "learned what makes the difference between scientific thought and poor reasoning". He went on to say "My anti-quackery activities have intensified my interest and concern in distinguishing science from pseudoscience, quackery and fraud."^[3] 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Seal of the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons The Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, abbreviated P&S, is a graduate school of Columbia University located on the health sciences campus in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan. ... Residency is a stage of postgraduate medical training in North America and leads to eligibility for board certification in a primary care or referral specialty. ... In most countries, only persons licensed by specified government-approved professional associations are allowed to practice medicine. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic Semper Tyrannis Pennsylvanias location in the United States Allentowns location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Lehigh Founded 1762 Government  - Mayor Ed Pawlowski Area  - City  18. ...

In addition to webmastering his websites, Barrett is a founder, vice-president and a board member of the National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF). He is an advisor to the American Council on Science and Health, and a Fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI). From 1987 through 1989, he taught health education at The Pennsylvania State University. The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) is a voluntary private nonprofit health agency that focuses on health misinformation, fraud, and quackery related to public health problems. ... The American Council on Science and Health (ACSH) is a scientific organization founded in 1978 by Dr. Elizabeth Whelan. ... The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI), formerly known as the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP) is a U.S. nonprofit organization whose stated purpose is to encourage the critical investigation of paranormal and fringe-science claims from a responsible, scientific point of view and... The Pennsylvania State University The Pennsylvania State University (commonly known as Penn State) is a state-related land-grant university in Pennsylvania, with over 80,000 students at 24 campuses throughout the state. ...

Barrett is the consulting editor for the Consumer Health Library at Prometheus Books^[4] and has been a peer-review panelist for several medical journals.^{[5][6][citation needed]} According to his website, he "has written more than 2,000 articles and delivered more than 300 talks at colleges, universities, medical schools, and professional meetings. His media appearances include Dateline, the Today Show, Good Morning America, Primetime, Donahue, CNN, National Public Radio, and more than 200 other radio and television talk show interviews."^[7] Prometheus Books is a publishing company founded in August 1969 by Paul Kurtz and publishes scientific, educational, and popular books, especially those of a secular humanist or scientific skepticism nature. ... A dateline is a short piece of text included in news articles that describes where and when the story was filed, though the date is often omitted. ... The Today Show (officially called Today) is currently, a long-running morning news show airing on the NBC television network in the United States. ... Good Morning America is a weekday morning news show that is broadcasted on the ABC television network. ... Primetimes logo Primetime is a general-interest American news magazine show which debuted on ABC in 1989 with co-hosts Sam Donaldson and Diane Sawyer and originally had the title Primetime Live. ... Phil Donahue Phillip John Donahue (born December 21, 1935 in Cleveland, Ohio) is the creator and star of The Phil Donahue Show, also known as Donahue, the first of the syndicated talk shows where the host walks through the audience to let audience members make comments and ask questions. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... “NPR” redirects here. ...

Barrett has received a number of awards and recognition for his work in consumer advocacy. Quackwatch received the award of Best Physician- Authored Site by MD NetGuide, May 2003.^[8] In 1984, he received an FDA Commissioner's Special Citation Award for Public Service in fighting nutrition quackery.^[9] He has been named among "Other outstanding skeptics who received multiple votes or at least one first-place vote" beyond the top 10 outstanding skeptics of the 20th century by Skeptical Inquirer magazine.^[10] In 1986, he was awarded honorary membership in the American Dietetic Association.^[9] Barrett has been profiled in Biography Magazine (1998)^[11] and in Time Magazine (2001).^[12] Quackwatch Inc. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... FDA logo The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is responsible for regulating food, dietary supplements, drugs, biological medical products, blood products, medical devices, radiation-emitting devices, veterinary products, and cosmetics in the United States. ... The Skeptical Inquirer is a magazine of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP) dedicated to debunking pseudoscience. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The American Dietetic Association (ADA) is the United States largest organization of food and nutrition professionals, with nearly 65,000 members. ... (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Online activism

The Quackwatch website is Barrett's main platform for describing that which he considers to be quackery and health fraud. The website is part of Quackwatch, Inc., a nonprofit corporation that aims to "combat health-related frauds, myths, fads, fallacies, and misconduct."^[11] Barrett's writing is supplemented with contributions from 150+ scientific, technical, and lay volunteers.^[13] Barrett defines quackery as "anything involving overpromotion in the field of health,"^[14] and reserves the word fraud "only for situations in which deliberate deception is involved."^[15] Quackwatch Inc. ...

Barrett has criticized numerous topics, for example: Acupuncture; Algae-based therapies; Alternative medicine; Amalgam removal within dentistry; Applied kinesiology; Ayurvedic medicine; Candidiasis (yeast allergies); Chinese herbal medicine; Chiropractic; Colloidal silver; Craniosacral therapy; Dietary supplements; Embryonic stem cell clinics and Umbilical cord banking; Ergogenic aids; Faith healing; Genetic diagnoses; Glucosamine; Growth hormones; Hair analysis; Herbal medicine; Homeopathy; Iridology; Juicing; Magnet therapy; Metabolic therapy; Nutritional therapy for emotional problems; Organic food; Osteopathy; Pneumatic trabeculoplasty; Reflexology; and Therapeutic touch.^[16] Acupuncture chart from Hua Shou (fl. ... A seaweed (Laurencia) up close: the branches are multicellular and only about 1 mm thick. ... Alternative medicine is defined as any of various systems of healing or treating disease (as chiropractic, homeopathy naturopathic, or faith healing) not included in the traditional medical curricula taught in the United States and Britain.[1] Complementary medicine is defined as any of the practices (as acupuncture) of alternative medicine... The Dental amalgam controversy is a debate over the use of amalgams, which contain mercury, as a dental filling. ... See also: Kinesiology (academic) Applied kinesiology (AK) is related to diagnostic kinesiology. ... Shirodhara, one of the techniques of Ayurveda Ayurveda (Devanagari: ) or Ayurvedic medicine is an ancient system of health care that is native to the Indian subcontinent. ... Candidiasis, commonly called yeast infection or thrush, is a fungal infection of any of the Candida species, of which Candida albicans is the most common. ... Traditional Chinese medicine shop in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. ... Chiropractic is a complementary and alternative health care profession with the purpose of diagnosing and treating mechanical disorders of the spine and musculoskeletal system with the intention of affecting the nervous system and improving health. ... Colloidal silver is a colloid of silver particles in water. ... It has been suggested that some sections of this article be split into a new article entitled Cranial osteopathy. ... A dietary supplement is intended to supply nutrients, (vitamins, minerals, fatty acids or amino acids) that are missing or not consumed in sufficient quantity in a persons diet. ... Human embryonic stem cell colony. ... In placental mammals, the umbilical cord is a tube that connects a developing embryo or fetus to its placenta. ... Ergogenic aids are any external influences which can positively affect physical or mental performance. ... “Faith healer” redirects here. ... Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar that is an important precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. ... There are many controversies around the claims, products, and businesses related to the use of growth hormone as an anti-aging therapy. ... Hair analysis is the chemical analysis of a hair sample. ... Dioscorides’ Materia Medica, c. ... Samuel Hahnemann, the father of homeopathy Homeopathy (also spelled homœopathy or homoeopathy), from the Greek words όμοιος, hómoios (similar) and πάθος, páthos (suffering)[1], is a pseudoscientific alternative medicine that aims to treat like with like. ... Iridology, also known as iridodiagnosis[1], is an alternative medicine practice in which patterns, colors, and other characteristics of the iris are examined for information about a patients systemic health. ... Magnet therapy, or magnetic therapy, or magnotherapy is an alternative medicine claiming that certain medical disorders can be effectively treated by exposure to magnetic fields. ... An organically-grown apple. ... This article is about osteopathy outside the United States. ... This is an example of a reflexology chart, correlating areas of the feet with organs in the zones of the body. ... Therapeutic touch (TT) is a mostly secular variant of faith healing, started by Dolores Krieger in the early 1970s. ...

Barrett, on his main website, also maintains public lists of sources, individuals, and groups which he considers questionable and non-recommendable.^[17][18] The list includes two-time Nobel Prize winner Linus Pauling (for his claims about mega-doses of Vitamin C^[19]), the National Institute of Health (NIH) Center for Alternative and Complementary Medicine, as well as integrative medicine proponent Andrew Weil, MD.^[20] The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awards in Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. ... Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American quantum chemist and biochemist. ... For other uses, see Vitamin C (disambiguation). ... Alternative medicine is defined as any of various systems of healing or treating disease (as chiropractic, homeopathy naturopathic, or faith healing) not included in the traditional medical curricula taught in the United States and Britain.[1] Complementary medicine is defined as any of the practices (as acupuncture) of alternative medicine... Dr. Andrew Weil (born December 19, 1941) is a world-famous United States physician. ...

Criticism

Barrett has become a lightning rod for controversy as a result of his widely-publicized views on alternative health theories and practitioners.^[21] Barrett does not criticize conventional medicine because, according to himself, that would be "way outside [his] scope". Barrett states he does not give equal time to some subjects, and has written on his web site: Equal time refers to a doctrine, usually in broadcast communications regulation, to give political candidates equal time on television or radio. ...

Quackery and fraud don't involve legitimate controversy and are not balanced subjects. I don't believe it is helpful to publish "balanced" articles about unbalanced subjects. Do you think that the press should enable rapists and murderers to argue that they provide valuable services?^[22]

Qualifications and objectivity

• According to Village Voice journalist Donna Ladd, Barrett relies mostly on negative research to criticize alternative medicine, rejecting most positive case studies as unreliable. She further writes that Barrett insists that although most alternative therapies are under-researched, they should be disregarded because they are illogical. Peter Barry Chowka, a former adviser to the National Institutes of Health's Office of Alternative Medicine, describes this as "putting down trying to be objective".^[21]

• James A. Mertz, then-President of the American Chiropractic Association, wrote in a letter to Time in 2001: "The American public is being grossly misled by Dr. Stephen Barrett. While he positions himself as a protector of the public, his statements are, in reality, so one-sided that he simply cannot be taken seriously."^[23] In the original Time article, Deepak Chopra called Barrett a "self-appointed vigilante for the suppression of curiosity".^[12]

• Joel M. Kauffman, professor emeritus at University of the Sciences in Philadelphia,^[24] and author of Malignant Medical Myths^[25] has "turned his attention to exposing fraud in medicine".^[26] In a review published in the Journal of Scientific Exploration,^[27]Kauffman analyzed eight Quackwatch articles, including five written by Stephen Barrett, and found them to be "contaminated with incomplete data, obsolete data, technical errors, unsupported opinions, and/or innuendo." Kauffman wrote in conclusion that it was "very probable that many...visitors to the website have been misled by the trappings of scientific objectivity."^[28]

• Analyzing and reviewing a book, Vitamin Pushers, by Stephen Barrett and Victor Herbert, Michael Colgan PhD states, "Most of their book does not discuss supplements at all. It is filled with derisive statements about individuals and organizations in the health care and natural foods industries."^[29]

Barrett's involvement in the legal system has also spawned controversy about his objectivity and qualifications to pass judgment on those he deems "quacks". He or NCAHF has initiated a number of lawsuits against those engaged in what he considers unscientific medical practices. He has also offered testimony on psychiatry, FDA regulatory issues, and homeopathy and other areas of "alternative medicine." The Village Voice is a New York City-based weekly newspaper featuring investigative articles, analysis of current affairs and culture, arts reviews and events listings for New York City. ... An editor has expressed a concern that the subject of the article does not satisfy the notability guideline or one of the following guidelines for inclusion on Wikipedia: Biographies, Books, Companies, Fiction, Music, Neologisms, Numbers, Web content, or several proposals for new guidelines. ... The American Chiropractic Association (ACA) is a professional organization representing Doctors of Chiropractic. ... Grow Younger, Live Longer, 2001 Deepak Chopra (Hindi: दीपक चोपड़ा; born October 22, 1946) is an Indian medical doctor and writer. ... The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ... The University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, offers bachelors, masters, and doctoral degrees in a variety of health-related disciplines, including pharmacy, pharmacology, biology, chemistry, toxicology, cell biology, biochemistry, and bioinformatics. ... The Journal of Scientific Exploration is a quarterly publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration (founded in 1982). ... Michael Colgan, PhD, CCN, is a fitness nutritionist who gained recognition through his articles in the bodybuilding magazine Muscular Development and also through his books. ...

• In 2001, Barrett testified before a California court as an expert witness in NCAHF v. King Bio. The court found that "Dr. Barrett lacks sufficient qualifications" in the area of "FDA treatment of homeopathic drugs" and indicated that his evidence in this area should be given little weight by law.^[30] The court further stated that Barrett and the co-witness, both members of the board of NCAHF, were "zealous advocates of the Plaintiff's position, and therefore not neutral or dispassionate witnesses or experts. In light of these affiliations and their orientation, it can fairly be said" they "are themselves the client, and therefore their testimony should be accorded little, if any, credibility on that basis as well."^[30]

The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) is a voluntary private nonprofit health agency that focuses on what they consider to be health misinformation, fraud, and quackery related to public health problems. ...

Litigation controversy

Defamation lawsuits

Barrett's public denouncement of "alternative" health practitioners has resulted in an equally vehement backlash, specifically on the internet.

Barrett has filed libel suits against a few of those who have republished the "opinion pieces" of opponent Tim Bolen. Barrett considers claims made in them to be libelous, and has explained why he has filed the lawsuits: In English and American law, and systems based on them, libel and slander are two forms of defamation (or defamation of character), which is the tort or delict of making a false statement of fact that injures someones reputation. ...

None of us are thin-skinned or care when people attack our ideas. But unjustified attacks on our character or professional competence are another matter. As Bolen's campaign unfolded, my colleagues and I have notified him and many of the people spreading his messages that libel is a serious matter and that they had better stop. Some did, but it soon became clear that others would not. To defend ourselves, several of us have filed suit for libel.^[31]

In one related case, Barrett v. Rosenthal, Carlos R. Moreno, one of the seven Justices of the California Supreme Court, opined in a concurring opinion, "As the lower courts correctly concluded, however, none of the hostile comments against Barrett alleged in the complaint are defamatory"^[32] however other cases remain pending adjudication. Barrett v. ... Carlos R. Moreno (born November 4, 1948) is an American jurist. ... For other uses of this word, see judge (disambiguation). ...

Generally speaking, Barrett and the NCAHF have court that have not sided with Barrett's anti-alternative medicine stance:

Barrett v. Clark

• In November 2000, Barrett, Polevoy and Attorney Grell sued Hulda Regehr Clark, Tim Bolen, Jan Bolen, David P. Amrein, Ilena Rosenthal, and unknown defendants.^[33] On July 25, 2001, the court granted Rosenthal's motion to strike under California's anti-SLAPP provision, and ruled that the statements made by Rosenthal were opinion, and not statements of fact. In addition, plaintiffs failed to provide any evidence of damage, as required in a defamation lawsuit.^[34]

• In 2003, the case against Negrete and Clark was dismissed under SLAPP.^[35]

• In 2005, an appeals court reversed the district court's decision, and the case against Negrete and Clark was remanded for further proceedings. The court ruled that the case should proceed because the defendants attempted to widely publicize "scurrilous" allegations on the Internet, without offering any proof that the allegations were true.^[36]

• In 2007, May 2, the court ordered the Plaintiffs Terry Polevoy MD, and Stephen Barrett MD, to pay $433,715.93 in bonds. The payment were $264,311.68 for Polevoy alone and $169,404.25 from Barrett and Polevoy - within thirty days. (http://www.bolenreport.net/feature_articles/feature_article060.htm )

Barrett v. Rosenthal Hulda Regehr Clark Hulda Regehr Clark is a naturopath, author, and controversial practitioner of alternative medicine. ... A motion to strike is a legal motion given by one party in a trial requesting the presiding judge order the removal of all or part of the opposing partys pleading to the court. ... A Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation (SLAPP) is a form of litigation filed by a large corporation or in some cases an individual plaintiff, to intimidate and silence a less powerful critic by so severely burdening them with the cost of a legal defense that they abandon their criticism. ... In English and American law, and systems based on them, libel and slander are two forms of defamation (or defamation of character), which is the tort or delict of making a false statement of fact that injures someones reputation. ... A prisoner who is denied, refused or unable to meet the conditions of bail, or who is unable to post bail, may be held in a prison on remand until their criminal trial. ... Barrett v. ...

• This is an appeal from "Barrett v. Clark." The California Supreme Court case heard Rosenthal's appeal on an interpretation of Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act. In 2006, the Court ruled that Rosenthal, as a "user of an interactive communication service" was immune from liability for republication under Section 230. The issue of defamation against Barrett was not before the court, as lower courts had ruled that Rosenthal had not defamed Barrett. In a concurring opinion, Carlos R. Moreno, one of the seven Justices, approved of the lower court decision that Barrett's claims of defamation were unfounded.

Barrett v. Mercola The Communications Decency Act (CDA) was arguably the first attempt by the United States Congress to regulate pornographic material on the Internet, in response to public concerns in 1996. ... Carlos R. Moreno (born November 4, 1948) is an American jurist. ... For other uses of this word, see judge (disambiguation). ...

• In July, 2001, Barrett refiled a lawsuit in Illinois against Joseph Mercola.^[37] On April 17, 2003 the suit was dismissed by mutual agreement.^[38] (settlements are not generally public knowledge.)

Barrett v. Fonorow Joseph Mercola, D.O. (born 1954), is an osteopathic physician, health activist, and entrepreneur practicing near Chicago. ... In law there are two main meanings of the word settlement. ...

• In July 2001, Barrett filed a libel suit against Owen R. Fonorow, and Intelisoft Multimedia, Inc.^[39] That case was dismissed.^[40]

Barrett v. Sherrell

• In November 2002, a federal court judge in Eugene, Oregon ruled that Barrett is a "public figure and the defamatory statements involve a matter of public concern, and that plaintiff has failed to prove actual malice (knowledge that the statement was false, or reckless disregard for the truth), and/or actual injury". The judge dismissed Barrett's $100,000 defamation lawsuit against anti-fluoridation advocate Darlene Sherrell.^[41]

Barrett v. Koren Water fluoridation controversy refers to the debate surrounding the health benefits of public authorities fluoridating water supplies. ...

• Barrett filed a libel suit against Tedd Koren, D.C. alleging that Koren made libelous remarks about him in his newsletter. This case was dismissed by a Pennsylvania judge who found that Barrett had provided insufficient evidence to prove his claim.^[42]

Selected publications

In 1985, Barrett was the author of an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association that exposed commercial laboratories performing multimineral hair analysis. He concluded that "commercial use of hair analysis in this manner is unscientific, economically wasteful, and probably illegal."^[43] His report has been cited in later articles, including one which concluded that such testing was "unreliable."^[44] JAMA, published continuously since in 1883, is an international peer-reviewed general medical journal published 48 times per year. ... Hair analysis is the chemical analysis of a hair sample. ...

His (co)authored and (co)edited books include:^[45]

• Consumer Health: A Guide to Intelligent Decisions - Barrett SJ, Jarvis WT, Kroger M, London WM (2006). (textbook, 8th ed.) McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0-07-248521-3

• Dubious Cancer Treatment - Barrett SJ & Cassileth BR, editors (2001). Florida Division of the American Cancer Society

• The Health Robbers: A Close Look at Quackery in America - Barrett SJ, Jarvis WT, eds. (1993). Prometheus Books, ISBN 0-87975-855-4

• Health Schemes, Scams, and Frauds - Barrett SJ (1991). Consumer Reports Books, ISBN 0-89043-330-5

• Reader's Guide to Alternative Health Methods - by Zwicky JF, Hafner AW, Barrett S, Jarvis WT (1993). American Medical Association, ISBN 0-89970-525-1

• The Vitamin Pushers: How the "Health Food" Industry Is Selling America a Bill of Goods - Barrett SJ, Herbert V (1991). Prometheus Books, ISBN 0-87975-909-7

• Vitamins and Minerals: Help or Harm? - Marshall CW (1983). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ISBN 0-397-53060-9 (edited by Barrett, won the American Medical Writers Association award for best book of 1983 for the general public, republished by Consumer Reports Books).

The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a medical organization with a corporate attitude in the United States. ... The American Medical Association (AMA) is the largest association of medical doctors in the United States. ... The American Medical Writers Association was founded in 1940 to help medical authors. ... Consumer Reports, an American magazine published monthly by Consumers Union, publishes reviews and comparisons of consumer products and services based on reporting and results from its in-house testing laboratory. ...

See also

• Alternative medicine
• Burden of Proof
• Consumer protection
• Debunker
• Defamation
• Evidence-based medicine
• National Council Against Health Fraud
• Pseudoscience
• Quackwatch
• Scientific skepticism

Alternative medicine is defined as any of various systems of healing or treating disease (as chiropractic, homeopathy naturopathic, or faith healing) not included in the traditional medical curricula taught in the United States and Britain.[1] Complementary medicine is defined as any of the practices (as acupuncture) of alternative medicine... In the common law, burden of proof is the obligation to prove allegations which are presented in a legal action. ... Consumer protection is a form of government regulation which protects the interests of consumers. ... Debunkers are scientific skeptics who attempt to disprove and pursue what they consider to be false, unscientific, bizarre or abnormal claims. ... In English and American law, and systems based on them, libel and slander are two forms of defamation (or defamation of character), which is the tort or delict of making a false statement of fact that injures someones reputation. ... Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is an attempt to more uniformly apply the standards of evidence gained from the scientific method, to certain aspects of medical practice. ... The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) is a voluntary private nonprofit health agency that focuses on health misinformation, fraud, and quackery related to public health problems. ... Phrenology is regarded today as a classic example of pseudoscience. ... Quackwatch Inc. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

References

2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 29 is the 88th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (89th in leap years). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Clockwise from upper left) Time magazine covers from May 7, 1945; July 25, 1969; December 31, 1999; September 14, 2001; and April 21, 2003. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see the New Republic disambiguation page. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Journal of Scientific Exploration is a quarterly publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration (founded in 1982). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... PDF is an abbreviation with several meanings: Portable Document Format Post-doctoral fellowship Probability density function There also is an electronic design automation company named PDF Solutions. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... PDF is an abbreviation with several meanings: Portable Document Format Post-doctoral fellowship Probability density function There also is an electronic design automation company named PDF Solutions. ... JAMA, published continuously since in 1883, is an international peer-reviewed general medical journal published 48 times per year. ... JAMA, published continuously since in 1883, is an international peer-reviewed general medical journal published 48 times per year. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Quackwatch.org - Stephen Barrett
• Health Freedom Law - Carlos Negrete