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Encyclopedia > Stephen Johnson Field
Stephen Johnson Field


In office
May 20, 1863 – December 1, 1897
Nominated by Abraham Lincoln
Preceded by (none)
Succeeded by Joseph McKenna

Born November 4, 1816(1816-11-04)
Haddam, Connecticut, U.S.
Died April 9, 1899 (aged 82)
Washington, D.C., U.S.
Spouse Sue Virginia Field

Stephen Johnson Field (November 4, 1816April 9, 1899) was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from May 20, 1863, to December 1, 1897. Prior to this, he was the 5th Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (3286x3720, 1059 KB) Stephen Johnson Field, photograph half-length circa 1875. ... Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States are the members of the Supreme Court of the United States other than the Chief Justice of the United States. ... is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ... Joseph McKenna (August 10, 1843–November 21, 1926) was an American politician who served in all three branches of the U.S. federal government, as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, as U.S. Attorney General and as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. ... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Haddam is a town located in Middlesex County, Connecticut. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... is the 140th day of the year (141st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Supreme Court of California is the state supreme court in California. ...


Born in Haddam, Connecticut, he was the sixth of the nine children of David Dudley Field I, a Congregationalist minister, and his wife Submit Dickinson. He grew up in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and went to Turkey at thirteen with his sister and her missionary husband. He graduated from Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts, in 1837. While attending Williams College he joined Delta Upsilon Fraternity. After studying law in New York City with his brother David Dudley Field, they practiced law together until 1848 when he went west to California in the Gold Rush. There his legal practice boomed and he was elected alcalde, a form of mayor and justice of the peace under the old Mexican rule of law, of Marysville. Because the Gold Rush city could afford no jail, and it cost too much to transport prisoners to San Francisco, Field implemented the whipping post, believing that without such a brutal implement many in the rough and tumble city would be hanged for minor crimes. The voters sent him to the California Assembly in 1850, but lost a race the next year for the California Senate. His successful legal practice led to his election to the California Supreme Court in 1857, serving six years. Haddam is a town located in Middlesex County, Connecticut. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs. ... Stockbridge is a town in Berkshire County in Western Massachusetts. ... Williams College is a private liberal arts college located in Williamstown, Massachusetts. ... Williamstown is a town located in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Williams College is a private liberal arts college located in Williamstown, Massachusetts. ... Delta Upsilon (ΔΥ) is one of the oldest international, all-male, college, Greek-letter social fraternities and is the first non-secret fraternity ever founded. ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the state of New York and the entire United States. ... David Dudley Field (February 13, 1805 - April 13, 1894) was an American lawyer and law reformer. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutters Mill. ... Marysville is the home of many great people namely Courtney Weaver county seat of Yuba County, California, USA. The population was 12,268 at the 2000 census. ... The California State Assembly is the lower house of the California State Legislature. ... For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The California State Senate is the upper house of the California State Legislature. ... The Supreme Court of California is the state supreme court in California. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

Stephen Johnson Field
Stephen Johnson Field

Abraham Lincoln appointed him to the newly created tenth Supreme Court seat, to achieve both regional balance (he was a Westerner) and political balance (he was a Democrat, but a Unionist one). It would also give the Court someone familiar with real estate and mining issues. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 405 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (408 × 604 pixel, file size: 19 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Hon. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 405 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (408 × 604 pixel, file size: 19 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Hon. ... For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ...


He was a vocal proponent of the substantive due process theory that protected property rights from regulation under the Fourteenth Amendment--as illustrated in his dissents to the Slaughterhouse Cases and Munn v. Illinois. Field's views were eventually adopted by the court's majority, but only after his death. However, he helped end the income tax (Pollock v. Farmers' Loan and Trust Company), limit anti-trust law (United States v. E.C. Knight Company), and the power of the Interstate Commerce Commission. Due process of law is a legal concept that ensures the government will respect all of a persons legal rights instead of just some or most of those legal rights, when the government deprives a person of life, liberty, or property. ... This page deals with property as ownership rights. ... Amendment XIV in the National Archives The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments (known as the Reconstruction Amendments), intended to secure rights for former slaves. ... Holding The 14th Amendment does not protect the privileges and immunities of state citizenship, only national citizenship. ... Munn v. ... Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Economic policy Monetary policy Central bank   Money supply Fiscal policy Spending   Deficit   Debt Trade policy Tariff   Trade agreement Finance Financial market Financial market participants Corporate   Personal Public   Banking   Regulation        An income tax is a tax levied on the financial income... Pollock v. ... Media:Example. ... Holding Manufacturing is not considered an area that can be regulated by Congress pursuant to the commerce clause. ... The Interstate Commerce Commission (or ICC) was a regulatory body in the United States created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887, which was signed into law by President Grover Cleveland. ...


On the issue of ethnic minorities, he had a mixed record. Field wrote opinions against California's laws discriminating against the Chinese immigrants to that state. However, Justice Field dissented in Strauder v. West Virginia, a case holding that the exclusion of African-Americans from a jury that convicted Strauder, an African-American, of murder, was a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. He also joined the infamous case Plessy v. Ferguson that upheld racial segregation. Strauder v. ... The Fourteenth Amendment may refer to the: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution - contains the due process and equal protection clauses. ... Congressman John Bingham of Ohio was the principal framer of the Equal Protection Clause. ... Holding The separate but equal provision of public accommodations by state governments is constitutional under the Equal Protection Clause. ... The Rex Theatre for Colored People Racial segregation is characterized by separation of different races in daily life, such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a rest room, attending school, going to the movies, or in the rental or purchase of a home[1]. Segregation...


Field insisted on breaking John Marshall's record of thirty-three years on the court, even though he was not able to handle the workload. His colleagues asked him to resign due to his being intermittently senile[1] but he refused, staying on until 1897. He lived only two years more, dying in Washington, D.C., and buried there in the Rock Creek Cemetery. John Marshall (September 24, 1755 – July 6, 1835) was an American statesman and jurist who shaped American constitutional law and made the Supreme Court a center of power. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Adams Memorial Rock Creek Cemetery (also Rock Creek Church Cemetery) is located at Webster Street and Rock Creek Church Road, NW, in the Petworth neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The Cemetery falls under the governance of the St. ...


There was an assassination attempt on Justice Field by a former associate of his on the California Supreme Court, David S. Terry. Terry was shot and killed by Field's bodyguard. Ironically, legal issues arising from the shooting came before the Supreme Court in the 1890 habeas corpus case of In re Neagle. See George C. Gorham, “The Story of the Attempted Assassination of Justice Field by a Former Associate on the Supreme Bench of California”, Journal of the Supreme Court Historical Society, Volume 30; Issue 2 (2005). David Smith Terry (March 8, 1823 - August 14, 1889) was a California politician, perhaps best known for his having killed United States Senator David C. Broderick in a duel. ... In common law countries, habeas corpus () (Latin: [We command that] you have the body) is the name of a legal action, or writ, through which a person can seek relief from unlawful detention of themselves or another person. ... Holding Section 2 of Art. ...


See also

A juristic person is a legal fiction through which the law allows a group of natural persons to act as if it were a single composite individual for certain purposes. ...

External links

Preceded by
David S. Terry
Chief Justice of the California Supreme Court
18591863
Succeeded by
Warner W. Cope
Preceded by
(none)
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
May 20, 1863December 1, 1897
Succeeded by
Joseph McKenna
The Taney Court Seal of the U.S. Supreme Court
1863–1864: J.M. Wayne | J. Catron | S. Nelson | R.C. Grier | N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field
The Chase Court
1864–1865: J.M. Wayne | J. Catron | S. Nelson | R.C. Grier | N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field
1865–1867: J.M. Wayne | S. Nelson | R.C. Grier | N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field
1867–1870: S. Nelson | R.C. Grier | N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field
1870–1872: S. Nelson | N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field | Wm. Strong | J.P. Bradley
1873: N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field | Wm. Strong | J.P. Bradley | W. Hunt
The Waite Court
1874–1877: N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | D. Davis | S.J. Field | Wm. Strong | J.P. Bradley | W. Hunt
1877–1880: N. Clifford | N.H. Swayne | S.F. Miller | S.J. Field | Wm. Strong | J.P. Bradley | W. Hunt | J.M. Harlan
1881: N. Clifford | S.F. Miller | S.J. Field | J.P. Bradley | W. Hunt | J.M. Harlan | Wm. B. Woods | Th. S. Matthews
1882–1887: S.F. Miller | S.J. Field | J.P. Bradley | J.M. Harlan | Wm. B. Woods | Th. S. Matthews | H. Gray | S. Blatchford
1888: S.F. Miller | S.J. Field | J.P. Bradley | J.M. Harlan | Th. S. Matthews | H. Gray | S. Blatchford | L.Q.C. Lamar II
The Fuller Court
1888–1889: S.F. Miller | S.J. Field | J.P. Bradley | J.M. Harlan | Th. S. Matthews | H. Gray | S. Blatchford | L.Q.C. Lamar II
1890–1891: S.J. Field | J.P. Bradley | J.M. Harlan | H. Gray | S. Blatchford | L.Q.C. Lamar II | D.J. Brewer
1891–1892: S.J. Field | J.P. Bradley | J.M. Harlan | H. Gray | S. Blatchford | L.Q.C. Lamar II | D.J. Brewer | H.B. Brown
1892–1893: S.J. Field | J.M. Harlan | H. Gray | S. Blatchford | L.Q.C. Lamar II | D.J. Brewer | H.B. Brown | Geo. Shiras, Jr.
1893: S.J. Field | J.M. Harlan | H. Gray | S. Blatchford | D.J. Brewer | H.B. Brown | Geo. Shiras, Jr. | H.E. Jackson
1894–1895: S.J. Field | J.M. Harlan | H. Gray | D.J. Brewer | H.B. Brown | Geo. Shiras, Jr. | H.E. Jackson | E.D. White
1896–1897: S.J. Field | J.M. Harlan | H. Gray | D.J. Brewer | H.B. Brown | Geo. Shiras, Jr. | E.D. White | R.W. Peckham

  Results from FactBites:
 
Stephen Johnson Field - LoveToKnow 1911 (444 words)
STEPHEN JOHNSON FIELD (1816-1899), American jurist, was born at Haddam, Connecticut, on the 4th of November 1816.
This, as Judge Field truly says, "was the foundation of the jurisprudence respecting mines in the country," having greatly influenced legislation upon this subject in other states and in the Congress of the United States.
Field held this position until 1863, when he was appointed by President Lincoln a justice of the United States Supreme Court.
Field Stephen Johnson - Search Results - MSN Encarta (249 words)
Field, Stephen Johnson (1816-1899), American jurist and associate justice of the United States Supreme Court, born on November 4, 1816, in Haddam,...
Johnson, Ben, born in 1961, Canadian track athlete, whose record-breaking performances in the 100-m race were overshadowed by his use of steroids....
Stephen Johnson Field (November 4, 1816 – April 9, 1899) was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from May 20, 1863, to December 1, 1897
  More results at FactBites »


 

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